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991.
Thiamine antivitamins – an opportunity of therapy of fungal infections caused by Malassezia pachydermatis and Candida albicans 下载免费PDF全文
Severe skin diseases and systemic fungaemia are caused by Malassezia pachydermatis and Candida albicans respectively. Antifungal therapies are less effective because of chronic character of infections and high percentage of relapses. Therefore, there is a great need to develop new strategies of antifungal therapies. We previously found that oxythiamine decreases proliferation of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), therefore we suggest that thiamine antivitamins can be considered as antifungal agents. The aim of this study was the comparison of thiamine antivitamins (oxythiamine, amprolium, thiochrome, tetrahydrothiamine and tetrahydrooxythiamine) inhibitory effect on the growth rate and energetic metabolism efficiency in non‐pathogenic S. cerevisiae and two potentially pathogenic species M. pachydermatis and C. albicans. Investigated species were cultured on a Sabouraud medium supplemented with trace elements in the presence (40 mg l?1) or absence of each tested antivitamins to estimate their influence on growth rate, enzyme activity and kinetic parameters of pyruvate decarboxylase and malate dehydrogenase of each tested species. Oxythiamine was the only antivitamin with antifungal potential. M. pachydermatis and S. cerevisiae were the most sensitive, whereas C. albicans was the least sensitive to oxythiamine action. Oxythiamine can be considered as supportive agent in superficial mycoses treatment, especially those caused by species from the genus Malassezia. 相似文献
992.
Magdalena Ciezka Milena Acosta Cristina Herranz Josep M. Canals Martí Pumarola Ana Paula Candiota Carles Arús 《Journal of neuro-oncology》2016,128(1):67-74
The initial aim of this study was to generate a transplantable glial tumour model of low-intermediate grade by disaggregation of a spontaneous tumour mass from genetically engineered models (GEM). This should result in an increased tumour incidence in comparison to GEM animals. An anaplastic oligoastrocytoma (OA) tumour of World Health Organization (WHO) grade III was obtained from a female GEM mouse with the S100β-v-erbB/inK4a-Arf (+/?) genotype maintained in the C57BL/6 background. The tumour tissue was disaggregated; tumour cells from it were grown in aggregates and stereotactically injected into C57BL/6 mice. Tumour development was followed using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), while changes in the metabolomics pattern of the masses were evaluated by Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy/Spectroscopic Imaging (MRS/MRSI). Final tumour grade was evaluated by histopathological analysis. The total number of tumours generated from GEM cells from disaggregated tumour (CDT) was 67 with up to 100?% penetrance, as compared to 16?% in the local GEM model, with an average survival time of 66?±?55 days, up to 4.3-fold significantly higher than the standard GL261 glioblastoma (GBM) tumour model. Tumours produced by transplantation of cells freshly obtained from disaggregated GEM tumour were diagnosed as WHO grade III anaplastic oligodendroglioma (ODG) and OA, while tumours produced from a previously frozen sample were diagnosed as WHO grade IV GBM. We successfully grew CDT and generated tumours from a grade III GEM glial tumour. Freezing and cell culture protocols produced progression to grade IV GBM, which makes the developed transplantable model qualify as potential secondary GBM model in mice. 相似文献
993.
Detection of dermatophytes in human nail and skin dust produced during podiatric treatments in people without typical clinical signs of mycoses 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1 下载免费PDF全文
Danuta Nowicka Urszula Nawrot Katarzyna Włodarczyk Magdalena Pajączkowska Anna Patrzałek Anna Pęcak Paulina Mozdyniewicz Małgorzata Fleischer 《Mycoses》2016,59(6):379-382
Pedicures are the most common cosmetic foot treatment. Many pedicurists and podiatrists suffer from respiratory infections and diseases such as asthma, sinusitis, chronic cough and bronchitis. Skin and nail dust may play an important role in the development of occupational diseases and the transmission of mycosis to other clients. To examine the presence of dermatophytes in nail and skin dust produced during podiatric treatments of people without typical symptoms of mycosis and to assess the epidemiological hazards of tinea pedis for podiatrists as well as other clients. Seventy‐seven samples underwent direct microscopy and culture. The results of direct microscopy were positive in 28/77 samples (36.36%) and doubtful in 3/77 (3.9%). Fungi were cultured from 36/77 samples (46.75%), including 8/77 (10.3%) positive for dermatophytes (Trichophyton rubrum‐6 isolates and Trichophyton mentagrophytes‐2). Material collected during podiatric treatments is potentially infected by pathogenic fungi; thus, there is a need to protect both workers who perform such treatments, as well as other clients, to prevent the transmission of pathogens in the Salon environment. Exposure to this occupational hazard may increase not only the risk of respiratory infections but also increase asthmatic or allergic reactions to Trichophyton. 相似文献
994.
Włodarczyk M 《Polskie Archiwum Medycyny Wewn?trznej》2008,118(3):164-166
Marian Zierski was born in Lviv on May 1, 1906. He studied medicine at the Jan Kazimierz University in Lviv and the Charles University in Prague, where he received his medical degree. Before and during Second World War (until 1942) he worked in Lviv and then he moved to Warsaw. He experienced the tragedy of the Warsaw Uprising (1944) and the total destruction of the city. After the war he settled in Lód?. He held numerous managerial posts in medical care institutions in Lód?. There he also established a tuberculosis outpatient clinic for students. At the same time, Zierski carried out phtysiatric research publishing numerous works (approx. 300) and participating in conventions and scientific conferences both in the country and abroad. Apart from many awards and offices, Prof. Marian Zierski was a holder of an honorary doctorate of universities in Great Britain, Brazil, Germany, France, the USA and Hungary. 相似文献
995.
Kuerten S Nowacki TM Kleen TO Asaad RJ Lehmann PV Tary-Lehmann M 《AIDS research and human retroviruses》2008,24(1):62-71
CD8(+) T cells play a crucial role in the control of viral infections such as HIV. The functional characterization of HIV-specific CD8(+) T cells has so far been largely restricted to studies of IFN-gamma. The TCR-triggered release of the effector molecules perforin (PFN) and granzyme B (GzB), however, is thought to be a central pathway for the destruction of virus-infected target cells by CD8(+) effector T cells. Here we would like to address two major findings. On the one hand we propose that ex vivo measurements of PFN and GzB secretion via ELISPOT may permit the distinction between in vivo resting versus activated CD8(+) memory T cells in healthy and HIV-infected individuals. Therefore, extending the present standard of IFN-gamma measurements to the analysis of PFN and GzB release in functional T cell assays will provide new insights into CD8(+) effector T cell functions. It should enable the evaluation of therapeutic vaccination efficacy by its ability to reactivate and convert IFN-gamma-positive, but GzB- and PFN-negative memory CD8(+) T cells into PFN/GzB-secreting effector cells. On the other hand, we report on a frequent ex vivo dissociation of the HIV peptide-induced secretion of PFN and GzB in chronic HIV infection underlining CD8(+) effector T cell diversity in this disease--an aspect that also has to be accounted for in immune monitoring approaches. 相似文献
996.
997.
Bartuś M Łomnicka M Kostogrys RB Kaźmierczak P Watała C Słominska EM Smoleński RT Pisulewski PM Adamus J Gebicki J Chlopicki S 《Pharmacological reports : PR》2008,60(1):127-138
For many years, 1-methylnicotinamide (MNA), a primary metabolite of nicotinamide, has been considered inactive. Recently however, it has been discovered that MNA possesses anti-thrombotic and anti-inflammatory activity. In the present study we investigated whether chronic administration of MNAto hypertriglyceridemic or diabetic rats would reverse endothelial dysfunction characterized by the impairment of nitric oxide (NO)-dependent vasodilatation. Hypertriglyceridemia in rats was induced by fructose-rich (60%) diet, while diabetes was induced by streptozotocin injection (70 mg/kg). After eight weeks, in hypertriglyceridemic or diabetic rats treated or non-treated with MNA(100 mg/kg), we analyzed the magnitude of endothelium-dependent or endothelium-independent vasodilatation in aorta induced by acetylcholine or S-nitroso-N-acetyl-penicilamine (SNAP), respectively, as well as plasma concentration of: cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, HbA(1c), fructosamine, peptide C, endogenous MNAand its metabolites (M2PY, M4PY). In diabetic rats plasma concentration of glucose, HbA(1c) and fructosamine was elevated (402.08 +/- 19.01 vs. 82.06 +/- 5.41 mg/dl, p < 0.001; 9.55 +/- 0.56 vs. 4.93 +/- 0.24%, p = 0.052 and 2.53 +/- 0.10 vs. 1.14 +/- 0.06 mmol DTF/mg protein, p < 0.001 in diabetic and control rats, respectively). In hypertriglyceridemic rats plasma concentration of triglycerides was elevated (4.25 +/- 0.27 vs. 1.55 +/- 0.12 mmol/l, p < 0.001 in hypertriglyceridemic and control rats, respectively). In both models the NO-dependent vasodilatation in aorta induced by acetylcholine was significantly impaired as compared to control rats, while the response to SNAP was largely preserved. In hypertriglyceridemic rats, 4 weeks of treatment with MNA(100 mg/kg, po) resulted in a three to six-fold increase in endogenous levels of MNA and its metabolites (M2PY and M4PY), the fall in triglycerides concentration in plasma (from 4.25 +/- 0.27 to 2.22 +/- 0.14 mmol/l, p < 0.001), and the preservation of the NO-dependent vasodilatation. In diabetic rats chronic treatment with MNAalso prevented the impairment of NO-dependent vasodilatation, while it displayed only a mild effect on hyperglycemia and did not lower triglycerides concentration. In summary, MNAtreatment decreased plasma triglycerides concentration in hypertriglyceridemic, but not in diabetic rats, while it prevented the development of endothelial dysfunction in aorta in both of these models. Accordingly, the ability of MNAto reverse endothelial dysfunction seems to be independent of its hypolipemic activity. 相似文献
998.
Human population varies with regard to the rate of drug metabolism. Differences in pharmacological activity of a drug in patients who belong to the same population result from a different enzymatic activity and different genotypes of those subjects. The aim of the study was to assess the incidence of extensive (EM) and poor (PM) oxidative phenotypes in related persons and to establish whether any associations exist between an individual, genetically conditioned drug oxidation capacity and a family relationship. The study comprised 61 healthy subjects including 39 females and 22 males aged between 18 and 77 years (mean age 39.02 +/- 16.55 years). The persons belonged to 20 families and were first degree relatives. The oxidative phenotype status was established based on the metabolic ratio (MR); the amounts of urinary output of dextromethorphan and dextrorphan in the 10 h urine were determined using the HPLC method. Prevalence of poor metabolizers in the group of relatives reached 16.4%. The percentage of poor metabolizers was higher in the group of relatives than in the control group (9.6%), however, the difference was not statistically significant. Inheritance of the oxidative phenotype among relatives is mainly associated with mothers and their daughters. 相似文献
999.
A new series of thirteen 2-[3-(substituted amino)-6-chloro-1,1-dioxo-1,4,2-benzodithiazin-7-yl]-3-phenyl-4(3H)-quinazolinones 4-16 were prepared in order to evaluate their cytotoxic activity against 12 human cancer cell lines. The bioassay indicated that the quinazolinone derivatives 5, 8-12, 15, and 16 possess cancer-cell growth-inhibitory properties. Compounds 5 and 12 showed a high level of selectivity for certain cell lines. The most active compounds 9, 10, 15, and 16 showed moderate antiproliferative activity and were approximately 4-fold less potent than cisplatin. 相似文献
1000.
Labieniec M Ulicna O Vancova O Glowacki R Sebekova K Bald E Gabryelak T Watala C 《International journal of pharmaceutics》2008,364(1):142-149
For nearly a decade poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers G4 were claimed unnegligible cytotoxic agents. Here we monitored whether in vivo cytotoxic effect of PAMAM G4 (0.5 micromol kg(-1) day(-1)) may be compromised by its ameliorating effect on severe hyperglycaemia in chronic streptozotocin-diabetic Wistar rats. PAMAM G4 significantly reduced the 60-day overall survival in long-term experimental diabetes: treated animals were 6.7 times more likely to die than control animals (p<0.025). PAMAM G4 significantly reduced numerous biochemical parameters in blood, including glucose, glycated haemoglobin or protein oxidation, cholesterol and triglycerides, but apparently unchanged plasma insulin peptide C. Terminal blood glucose in PAMAM-treated animals was significantly higher in survivors, pointing to the possible preventive role of glycation in reducing of PAMAM G4 cytotoxicity. Our results provide the first in vivo evidence that PAMAM G4 is able to lower plasma glucose and suppress long-term markers of diabetic hyperglycaemia. Nevertheless, this beneficial influence cannot override PAMAM G4 cytotoxic effects in the increased mortality of streptozotocin-diabetic rats. 相似文献