手辅式腹腔镜治疗肾恶性肿瘤(附10例报告)

目的：探讨手辅式腹腔镜技术在肾恶性肿瘤手术中的应用。方法：采用手辅式腹腔镜技术进行肾癌根治术及肾盂癌根治术共10例。其中肾癌6例，肾盂癌4例。8例经腹腔入路，2例经腹膜后入路。结果：手术全部获得成功，没有严重的并发症，手术效果良好。患者随访6个月～3年。未见局部复发和远处转移。结论：手辅式腹腔镜肾癌根治术和肾盂癌根治术不仅保留了腹腔镜技术创伤少、恢复快的优点，还克服了常规腹腔镜手术的许多局限性，糅合了开放手术和腹腔镜技术的优势，提高了手术的安全性、根治性和操作的灵巧性．缩短了手术时间和手术者的培训时间。     

泌尿系结石成分分析及意义

目的：分析赤峰地区泌尿系结石成分特点,对预防泌尿系结石的复发提供帮助。方法：对89例泌尿系结石标本进行成分分析,并对结果进行比较。结果：泌尿系结石男性发病多于女性,男、女患者比为1．7：1,上尿路结石明显多于下尿路结石,上、下尿路结石例数比为8．9：1。本地区泌尿系结石成分以混合结石为主,共56例,占62．92％,其中碳酸磷灰石与草酸钙混合结石所占比例最大。单纯成分结石共33例,所占比例为37．08％,其中以草酸钙结石为主。结论：根据结石成分分析得到的结石成分特点,对患者饮食、生活习惯等方面进行指导,以预防泌尿系结石的复发。     

腹腔镜与开腹胃十二指肠溃疡穿孔修补的临床对比研究

[摘要]目的探讨腹腔镜修补术治疗胃十二指肠溃疡穿孔的临床效果和优势。方法收集我院2007年3月至2012年12月问用腹腔镜行胃十二指肠溃疡穿孔修补术的28例临床资料,并将其与同期行开腹穿孔修补的32例病例进行回顾性病例对照研究。结果腹腔镜与开腹手术相比,手术时间、切口感染率和腹腔积液感染率差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。但腹腔镜术中出血量、术后胃肠功能恢复时间、住院时间、镇痛剂使用率等指标均显著优于开腹组（P〈0．01）。对两组患者进行随访,平均随访时间为15（3—28）个月,经胃镜检查均未见溃疡复发。结论腹腔镜治疗胃十二指肠溃疡穿孔安全有效,具有侵袭性小、腹腔干扰小、术后痛苦小、肠功能恢复快、住院时间短等优点。     

常规体外受精后多精受精发生对妊娠结局的影响

目的探讨常规体外受精(IVF)后多精受精发生对妊娠结局的影响。方法回顾性分析2010年3月至2012年12月在我中心行常规IVF助孕治疗的511个周期,根据受精情况有无3PN合子发生,将周期分为两组,A组:多精受精组(至少1个以上的3PN发生),B组:无多精受精组(无3PN发生),比较两组的临床及实验室资料。结果 A组人绒膜促性腺激素(HCG)日雌二醇(E_2)水平、获卵数、成熟卵率、2PN率、受精率、D_3优质胚胎率、可供移植胚胎率、种植率及临床妊娠率均高于B组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 IVF后多精受精的发生对胚胎种植率以及临床妊娠率没有显著影响,可能预示较好的IVF妊娠结局。     

Traditional Chinese medicine for pressure ulcer: a meta‐analysis

To assess the effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) [Chinese herbal medicine ointment (CHMO), acupuncture and moxibustion] on pressure ulcer. In this study, we searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTER, CBM, CNKI, WAN FANG and VIP for articles published from database inception up to 4 April 2011. We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs), which compared the effects of TCM with other interventions. We assessed the methodological quality of these trials using Cochrane risk of bias criteria. Ten of 565 potentially relevant trails that enrolled a total of 893 patients met our inclusion criteria. All the included RCTs only used CHMO intervention, because acupuncture and moxibustion trials failed to meet the inclusive criteria. A meta‐analysis showed beneficial effects of CHMO for pressure ulcer compared with other treatments on the total effective rate [risk ratio (RR): 1·28; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1·20–1·36; P = 0·53; I² = 0%), curative ratio (RR: 2·02; 95% CI: 1·73–2·35; P = 0·11; I² = 37%) and inefficiency rate (RR: 0·16; 95% CI: 0·02–0·80; P = 0·84; I² = 0%). However, the funnel plot indicated that there was publication bias in this study. The evidence that CHMO is effective for pressure ulcer is encouraging, but due to several caveats, not conclusive. Therefore, more rigorous studies seem warranted.     

Long-term impacts of different posterior operations on curvature,neurological recovery and axial symptoms for multilevel cervical degenerative myelopathy

Purpose

To investigate the long-term impacts of different posterior operations on curvature, neurological improvement and axial symptoms for multilevel cervical degenerative myelopathy (CDM), and to study the relationship among loss of cervical lordosis, recovery rate and axial symptom severity.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed 98 patients with multilevel CDM who had undergone laminoplasty (Group LP, 36 patients), laminectomy (Group LC, 30 patients), or laminectomy with lateral mass screw fixation (Group LCS, 32 patients) between January 2000 and January 2005. Loss of curvature index (CI) was measured according to the preoperative and final follow-up radiographic parameters. The recovery rate was calculated based on the Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) score. Axial symptom severity was quantified by Neck Disability Index (NDI).

Results

Analysis of final follow-up data showed significant differences among the three groups regarding loss of CI (F = 41.46, P < 0.001) between preoperative and final follow-up JOA scores (P < 0.001), final follow-up JOA score (F = 7.81, P < 0.001), recovery rate (F = 12.98, P < 0.001) and axial symptom severity (χ² = 18.04, P < 0.001). Loss of CI showed negative association with neurological recovery (r = −0.555, P < 0.001) and positive correlation with axial symptom severity (r = 0.696, P < 0.001).

Conclusions

Excellent neurological improvement was obtained by LP and LCS for patients with multilevel CDM, while loss of CI in groups LP and LC caused a high incidence of axial symptoms. Loss of CI was correlated with poor neurological recovery and axial symptom severity. Lateral mass screw fixation can effectively prevent loss of postoperative cervical curvature and reduce incidence of axial symptoms.     

MK2 plays an important role for the increased vascular permeability that follows thermal injury

We previously reported Rho kinase is involved in vessel hyper-permeability caused by burns. Here we further explore the Rho kinase downstream signaling, it is found that its specific inhibitor Y27632 significantly diminishes the activation of JNK and p38 MAPKs but not ERK that induced by serum from burned rats (burn-serum). JNK activation was found involved in the expression of HUVEC adhesion molecules following thermal injury, although not in the process of stress fiber formation. Inhibition of various MAPKs by specific inhibitors showed that SB203580 (inhibitor of p38), but neither SP600125 (inhibitor of JNK) nor PD98059 (inhibitor of ERK), abolish activation of the p38 downstream kinase MK2. Demonstration of stress fibers by fluorescent-labeled phalloidin showed that inhibition of MK2, either by its specific inhibitor or by dominant negative adeno-viral-carried constructs, significantly reduced burn-serum-induced HUVEC stress-fiber formation, while inhibition of another downstream p38 MAPK kinase, PRAK, had no such effects. Transfection of dominant negative adeno-viral MK2 (Ad-MK2(A)) significantly inhibited thermal injury-induced blood vessel hyper-permeability in rats and, moreover, prolonged the survival of burned rats beyond 72 h following thermal injury. One of the mechanisms behind these phenomena is that Ad-MK2(A) causes a significant depression of burn-serum-induced HSP27-phosphorylation, while the adeno-viral transported dominant negative PRAK (Ad-PRAK(A)) does not block. Although the effect of blockade of MK2 through its adeno-viral approach requires further study and investigation of alternatives to know for sure, we may have found a new pathway behind thermal-injury-induced blood vessel hyper-permeability, namely: Rho kinase > p38 > MK2 > HSP27.     

胃肠道间质瘤32例的临床研究

目的 通过研究32例胃肠道间质瘤的临床病理特点,探讨胃肠道间质瘤的预后影响因素.方法 回顾性分析2007年5月-2013年4月接受手术治疗并经病理证实的32例胃肠道间质瘤的临床资料,统计学分析影响其预后的因素.结果 32例患者,2年总体生存率为85.3％,2年无进展生存率为79.2％.影响胃肠道间质瘤预后的因素包括：肿瘤大小、远处转移、核分裂像、NIH危险度分级.结论 NIH分级、远处转移是影响胃肠道间质瘤术后生存的危险因素.     

Expression of intestinal CD40 after experimental traumatic brain injury in rats

Background

Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) has been shown to be activated in the intestine after traumatic brain injury (TBI), and results in gastrointestinal mucosal injury. In addition, CD40 has a major role in the activation of NF-κB and is up-regulated in inflammatory bowel disease. However, we found no study in the literature investigating the intestinal expression of CD40 after TBI. Hence, we designed the current study to explore the intestinal expression pattern of CD40 after TBI in rats. We hypothesized that CD40 could mediate inflammation and ultimately contribute to acute intestinal mucosal injury after TBI.

Methods

We randomly divided rats into control and TBI groups at 3, 6, 12, 24, and 72 h, respectively. We assessed the expression of CD40 by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, and immunohistochemical study, and detected the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results

The mRNA and protein levels of -CD40 increased by 3 and 6 h, peaked at 6 and 12 h, and remained elevated until 24 and 72 h post-injury, respectively. Levels of TNF-α, VCAM-1, and ICAM-1 also markedly increased in jejunum tissue after TBI. Interestingly, there was a positive relationship between the expression of CD40 and that of TNF-α, VCAM-1, and ICAM-1.

Conclusions

CD40 could be markedly elevated in intestine after TBI in rats, and it might have an important role in the pathogenesis of acute intestinal mucosal injury mediated by inflammatory response.     

Chinese preparation Xuesaitong promotes the mobilization of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in rats with cerebral infarction

After cerebral ischemia, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells are mobilized and travel from the bone marrow through peripheral circulation to the focal point of ischemia to initiate tissue regeneration. However, the number of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells mobilized into peripheral circulation is not enough to exert therapeutic effects, and the method by which blood circulation is promoted to remove blood stasis influences stem cell homing. The main ingredient of Xuesaitong capsules is Panax notoginseng saponins, and Xuesaitong is one of the main drugs used for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis. We established rat models of cerebral infarction by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery and then intragastrically administered Xuesaitong capsules(20, 40 and 60 mg/kg per day) for 28 successive days. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that in rats with cerebral infarction, middle- and high-dose Xuesaitong significantly increased the level of stem cell factors and the number of CD117-positive cells in plasma and bone marrow and significantly decreased the number of CD54-and CD106-positive cells in plasma and bone marrow. The effect of low-dose Xuesaitong on these factors was not obvious. These findings demonstrate that middle- and high-dose Xuesaitong and hence Panax notoginseng saponins promote and increase the level and mobilization of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in peripheral blood.