SPIROCH?TA HEBDOMADIS,THE CAUSATIVE AGENT OF SEVEN DAY FEVER (NANUKAYAMI) : FIRST PAPER.

A new species of spirochete which we have called Spirochæta hebdomadis has been described as the specific etiological agent of seven day fever, a disease prevailing in the autumn in Fukuoka and other parts of Japan. This spirochete is distinguishable from Spirochæta icterohæmorrhagiæ to which it presents certain similarities. Young guinea pigs are susceptible to inoculation with the blood of patients and to pure cultures of the spirochete, and those developing infection exhibit definite symptoms suggestive of those of seven day fever in man. The blood serum of convalescents from seven day fever contains specific immune bodies acting spirochetolytically and spirocheticidally against the specific spirochetes, but not against Spirochæta icterohæmorrhagiæ. The field mouse (Microtus montebelli) is the normal host of the spirochetes, which have been detected in the kidneys and urine of 3.3 per cent of the animals examined. The endemic area of prevalence of seven day fever corresponds with the region in which field mice abound.     

THE SERUM TREATMENT OF WEIL'S DISEASE (SPIROCH?TOSIS ICTEROH?MORRHAGICA)

Horses immunized with cultures of Spirochæta icterohæmorrhagiæ yield an immune serum having therapeutic properties. With rare exceptions the serum destroys completely the spirochetes contained in the circulating blood. The development of antibodies is promoted by the serum injections. The number of spirochetes in the organs is reduced by the treatment. Secondary manifestations due to the serum are slight and disappear promptly. The ultimate effects of the serum treatment on the symptoms and final outcome of the disease have still to be determined.     

艾瑞昔布超前镇痛用于脊柱手术对患者术后镇痛效果的影响

目的观察艾瑞昔布超前镇痛用于脊柱手术对患者术后镇痛效果的影响。方法选取本院2017年3月～2018年3月收治的110例脊柱手术患者,按随机数表法分为观察组与对照组,各55例。观察组术前30 min口服100 mg的艾瑞昔布,对照组口服相同剂量的安慰剂。术毕予负荷剂量的芬太尼0.001 mg/kg。比较两组术后6 h与12 h的疼痛程度[采用视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评估]、镇静效果(采用Ramesay评分法评估)、芬太尼消耗量、自控按压总次数、不良反应总发生率。结果观察组术后6 h与术后12 h的术后疼痛VAS评分分别为(2.80±0.82)分与(1.85±0.45)分,低于对照组的(3.15±0.91)分与(2.32±0.64)分;观察组的镇静Ramesay评分分别为(2.28±0.59)分与(2.06±0.58)分,低于对照组的(2.63±0.71)分与(2.33±0.70)分,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组术后0～6 h、6～12 h、12～24 h的芬太尼消耗量及自控按压总次数均低于对照组(P0.05)。观察组的不良反应总发生率为7.27%,低于对照组的21.82%(P0.05)。结论脊柱手术患者采用艾瑞昔布进行超前镇痛可获得良好的术后镇痛效果与镇静效果,芬太尼用量与不良反应均明显减少,具有较高的有效性与安全性,值得推广。     

KLF2 is essential for primitive erythropoiesis and regulates the human and murine embryonic beta-like globin genes in vivo

The Krüppel-like factors (KLFs) are a family of C2/H2 zinc finger DNA-binding proteins that are important in controlling developmental programs. Erythroid Krüppel-like factor (EKLF or KLF1) positively regulates the beta-globin gene in definitive erythroid cells. KLF2 (LKLF) is closely related to EKLF and is expressed in erythroid cells. KLF2-/- mice die between embryonic day 12.5 (E12.5) and E14.5, because of severe intraembryonic hemorrhaging. They also display growth retardation and anemia. We investigated the expression of the beta-like globin genes in KLF2 knockout mice. Our results show that KLF2-/- mice have a significant reduction of murine embryonic Ey- and beta h1-globin but not zeta-globin gene expression in the E10.5 yolk sac, compared with wild-type mice. The expression of the adult beta(maj)- and beta(min)-globin genes is unaffected in the fetal livers of E12.5 embryos. In mice carrying the entire human globin locus, KLF2 also regulates the expression of the human embryonic epsilon-globin gene but not the adult beta-globin gene, suggesting that this developmental-stage-specific role is evolutionarily conserved. KLF2 also plays a role in the maturation and/or stability of erythroid cells in the yolk sac. KLF2-/- embryos have a significantly increased number of primitive erythroid cells undergoing apoptotic cell death.     

原发性十二指肠恶性肿瘤的X 线诊断

目的　探讨X线诊断原发性十二指肠恶性肿瘤的价值。方法　回顾性分析 2 1例原发性十二指肠恶性肿瘤的X线所见并与手术病理对照。结果　X线表现包括充盈缺损、黏膜改变、肠腔狭窄和龛影。结论　根据临床及X线表现 ,术前可以正确诊断原发性十二指肠恶性肿瘤。     

Development of OMP based indirect ELISA to gauge the antibody titers in bovines against Pasteurella multocida

Pasteurella multocida (P. multocida) is an important pathogen of various domestic animals. The outer membrane proteins (OMPs) play a major role in pathogenesis and immunogenicity of P. multocida. The aim of the study was to develop indirect enzyme linked immuno sorbant assay (ELISA) based on OMPs to ascertain the antibody titers in animals post-infection or to gauge the potency of vaccine. The OMPs were extracted and purified from P. multocida P:52 (vaccine strain) and P. multocida B:2 isolated from natural outbreak of Haemorrhagic septicaemia (HS) and analyzed on SDS PAGE and through western blot. The OMPs profile of the vaccine strain and the isolate from the natural outbreak of HS were found to be similar. Optimization of various components viz. coating antigens, anti-species conjugate, etc. were carried out against both anti-P. multocida hyper immune and pre immune serum. Validation of OMP based indirect ELISA assay to measure immune response against P. multocida in bovine revealed 91% diagnostic sensitivity (DSN) and about 100% diagnostic specificity (DSP) at 25% cut off. OMP based indirect ELISA was found to be more specific, but less sensitive as compared to WCL based assay.Key Words: Diagnostic sensitivity, Diagnostic specificity, Indirect ELISA, Outer membrane proteins, Pasteurella multocida     

Study of Surgical Emergencies of Tubercular Abdomen in Developing Countries

To study the various modes of presentation, diagnosis, and management of surgical emergencies of tubercular abdomen. This prospective study of surgical emergencies of tubercular abdomen was conducted in 50 patients who attended our surgical emergency from 2006 to 2008. Patients were evaluated thoroughly with history, physical examination, routine investigations, and special investigations such as ELISA, PCR, barium studies of gastrointestinal tract, and diagnostic laparoscopy as required and managed with medical and surgical treatment as necessary. The most of patients were from rural areas, in the third to sixth decades with slight male preponderance. Abdominal pain, vomiting, and constipation were commonest presenting symptoms. About 20 % patients had history of pulmonary tuberculosis and 16 % patients presented with ascites. PCR for blood and ascitic fluid was positive in 72 and 87.5 % patients, respectively. About 24 % patients were managed nonoperatively and responded to ATT. About 76 % patients needed surgery among which one-fifth of patients were operated in emergency. Procedures like adhesiolysis of gut (47.3 %), strictureplasty (10.5 %), resection anastomosis (5.2 %), right hemicolectomy (5.2 %), and ileotransverse anastomosis (7.8 %) were performed in 30 patients and peritoneal biopsy and lymph node biopsy in the remaining 8 patients. Both medically and surgically managed patients were put on antitubercular therapy. Abdominal tuberculosis is a disease of middle-aged rural people, presenting commonly with abdominal pain and vomiting with right lower abdominal tenderness. PCR (blood and ascites) for tuberculosis is much more sensitive than IgM ELISA (blood and ascites). The most of patients required surgical procedures and all patients responded dramatically to antitubercular therapy symptomatically with increase in the hemoglobin level and decrease in ESR.