鼻咽癌患者淋巴细胞近端着丝粒染色体随体联合频率的分析

本文对60例鼻咽癌患者用银染及非银染方法比较分析了近端着丝粒染色体随体联合的频率(SAs及Ag-AA),发现每细胞平均出现的SAs及Ag-AA分别为0.55和1.29(P<0.01)。D、G组染色体在随体联合中的比例分别为DSAf0.620及0.597,GSAf为0.380及0.403,具有随机性。G显带证实13、14、21号染色体更多地参与随体联合。     

肾移植受者应对方式对服药依从性及自我管理的影响

目的探讨肾移植受者疾病应对方式、服药依从性及其自我管理的特点,并分析应对方式对服药依从性和自我管理依从性的影响。 方法采用便利抽样选取2019年3月至5月广州医科大学附属第三医院器官移植随访门诊就诊的肾移植受者作为研究对象。采用一般情况调查表、医学应对问卷、免疫抑制剂依从性Basel评估量表(BAASIS)及肾移植受者自我管理调查量表作为调查工具。所有问卷调查均在肾移植受者门诊随访时进行。采用成组t检验比较肾移植组和慢病常模组面对、回避和屈服因子得分。应用分层回归方程分析肾移植受者应对方式对服药依从性和自我管理的影响。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。 结果肾移植受者面对因子得分[(19.8±2.9)分]最高。肾移植组和慢病常模组回避因子得分分别为(15.1±2.7)和(14.4±3.0)分,差异有统计学意义(t＝-2.320,P<0.05)。肾移植受者BAASIS得分平均为(22.2±2.6)分,125例受者中53例(42.4%)受者服药依从性好。36例(28.8%)曾在过去1个月中至少漏服1次免疫抑制剂;19例(15.2%)在过去1个月中曾出现至少1次连续漏服状况;63例(50.4%)曾在过去1个月中提前或推迟2 h服药;9例(7.2%)曾不按医嘱剂量服药。肾移植受者自我管理总得分为(91±8)分,其中68例(54.4%)自我管理水平良好,57例(45.6%)自我管理处于中等水平。受者饮食、治疗、躯体活动和社会心理管理得分分别为(29.5±3.0)、(33.4±3.4)、(15.7±2.1)和(12.4±1.6)分。面对、回避和屈服3个变量分别解释服药依从性总变异的8.6%,治疗管理总变异的13.7%,躯体活动管理总变异的7.0%,社会心理管理总变异的25.0%,整体自我管理总变异的15.0%。服药依从性的预测因子为屈服(β＝-0.252,P<0.01),饮食管理的预测因子为面对(β＝0.212,P<0.05),治疗管理的预测因子为面对(β＝0.348,P<0.01),躯体活动管理的预测因子为面对(β＝0.255,P<0.01),社会心理管理的预测因子为面对和屈服(β＝0.394和-0.271,P均<0.01),整体自我管理的预测因子为面对(β＝0.365,P<0.01)。 结论肾移植受者应对方式是服药依从性和自我管理的重要影响因素,应重视其对待疾病的态度和方式,及时转换其消极的应对策略,以提高其服药依从性和自我管理水平。     

Three‐month pancreas graft function significantly influences survival following simultaneous pancreas‐kidney transplantation in type 2 diabetes patients

Successful simultaneous pancreas‐kidney transplantation (SPK) improves quality‐of‐life and prolongs kidney allograft and patient survival in type‐1 diabetic (T1DM) patients. However, the use of SPK in type‐2 diabetic (T2DM) patients remains limited. We examined a national transplant registry for 35 849 T2DM kidney disease patients who received transplant between 2000 and 2016 and survived the first 3 months with a functioning kidney, and categorized as: deceased‐donor kidney transplant alone (DD‐KA, 68%), living‐donor kidney transplant alone (LD‐KA, 30%), or SPK (2%). Among SPK recipients, 6% had pancreas allograft failure within 3 months (SPK,P‐) and 94% had a functional pancreas (SPK,P+). Associations of transplant type with kidney allograft failure and death (multivariable‐adjusted hazard ratio, _95%LCLaHR_95%UCL), over follow‐up through December 2018, were quantified by multivariable inverse probability of treatment weighted survival analyses. SPK recipients had better kidney graft and patient survival than LD‐KA or DD‐KA recipients. Compared to SPK,P+, DD‐KA, or LD‐KA recipients had significantly higher risk of kidney allograft failure (DD‐KA: aHR _1.532.20_3.17; LD‐KA: aHR _1.291.87_2.71) and death (DD‐KA: aHR _2.123.25_5.00; LD‐KA: aHR _1.542.35_3.59). SPK,P‐ recipients had significantly higher risk of death (aHR _1.683.30_6.50). Similar to T1DM, T2DM patients with SPK have a survival benefit compared to those with kidney transplant alone, but this benefit depends upon successful early pancreas function.     

Abnormal lipid metabolism induced apoptosis of spermatogenic cells by increasing testicular HSP60 protein expression

Long-term consumption of high-fat and high-calorie foods not only causes obesity, but also may cause a decline in sperm quality in men. Rats with abnormal lipid metabolism (high-fat rats) were established by high-fat diet for 24 weeks. HE staining was used to observe the morphological changes of testis in rats, TUNEL and flow cytometer was used to detect the cell apoptosis in rat testis and in vitro. Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting were used to detect the expression of protein. After 24 weeks of high-fat food feeding, the body weight, serum lipids and number of apoptotic spermatogenic cells in the high-fat group rat were significantly higher than those in the control group. In vivo, the expression of HSP60 protein in testis of high-fat rats was positive related to apoptosis of spermatogenic cells, cleaved caspase 3/caspase 3 protein expression and Bax/Bcl2 protein expression in testis of high-fat rats. Proportion of apoptotic spermatogenic cells was increased by up-regulation of HSP60 protein expression in vitro. Long-term consumption of high-fat diets can cause high expression of HSP60 and spermatogenic cells apoptosis in rats, while HSP60 over-expression promotes spermatogenic cell apoptosis and MAPK signal pathway in vitro.     

护士职业性腰背痛现状及影响因素调查分析

目的 了解护士职业性腰背痛现状,分析其影响因素,为针对性干预提供参考。 方法 对627名护士采用自制“护士职业性腰背痛及影响因素调查问卷”进行调查。 结果 499名（79.6%）护士近1年发生过职业性腰背痛,其中99.2%（495/499）护士认为对护理工作及身心有影响;多因素分析显示,工作年限、体重指数、月晚夜班数、床旁护理操作舒适度、单位时间内徒手搬运患者频次、使用辅助设备及心理疲劳是主要影响因素（P＜0.05,P＜0.01）。 结论 护士职业性腰背痛发生率高,应针对影响因素采取针对性干预措施,以降低护士职业性腰背痛发生率。     

乳腺癌术后患者支持性照护需求的纵向研究

目的 了解乳腺癌患者手术后不同阶段支持性照护需求现状及影响因素,为制定不同阶段支持性照护干预方案提供依据。方法 采用癌症患者支持性需求简明问卷对初次确诊的126例乳腺癌患者分别在手术后第3天、第14天、1个月、3个月、6个月进行调查。结果 乳腺癌术后患者支持性照护需求在术后第14天得分最高,自术后1个月后逐渐下降。不同特征乳腺癌患者术后6个月支持性照护需求比较,差异无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。不同阶段乳腺癌手术后患者支持性照护需求的主要影响因素包括医疗服务满意度、包块部位、主要照顾人员、职业、对疾病了解程度、获取疾病知识的主要途径、业余爱好、肿瘤类型(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论 初次诊断乳腺癌患者手术后各阶段均存在支持性照护需求,且各维度随着时间的推移呈动态变化,建议医务人员进一步加强对患者的健康信息及支持照护指导,并针对主要影响因素与照顾者共同制订有效的干预措施,满足患者不同阶段的支持性照护需求。