一例红细胞生成性原卟啉病临床分析及FECH基因检测

收集1例红细胞生成性原卟啉病患者的临床资料及外周血,提取患者DNA,对FECH基因进行Sanger测序,与100名正常人进行对比.患者皮损多位于暴露部位,皮损粗糙、增厚,面部皮损呈蜡样光泽,手背部可见密集肤色粟粒大丘疹.患者尿液、粪便和血清Wood灯下呈浅粉色;外周血涂片检查电光源下见大量红细胞,荧光相见大量红细胞的红...     

腹腔镜辅助结直肠癌根治术的临床研究

目的 探讨腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术的安全性及根治效果.方法 选取2012年2月至2014年2月复兴医院收治的结直肠癌患者146例,采取非随机(患者自愿)的方式分为腹腔镜结直肠癌手术(试验组)74例及开腹手术(对照组)72例,对比两组患者的临床疗效.结果 试验组与对照组比较,试验组在术中失血量[(86.1±10.7)ml vs.(145.8±27.7)ml]、术后下床活动时间[(1.3±0.5)d vs.(4.7±0.7)d]、术后住院天数[(5.8±1.1)d vs.(11.6±0.8)d]优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均＜ 0.05);两组在手术时间、淋巴结清扫数量、术后局部复发、术后远处转移及术后3年的生存率比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 腹腔镜结直肠癌手术具有手术损伤小,术后恢复时间短的优点,且与开腹手术相比具有同样的安全性及肿瘤根治效果,在临床治疗上值得进一步推广.     

间歇性低氧训练对男子赛艇运动员大负荷训练期间生理机能的影响

目的:探讨在大负荷训练期间进行间歇性低氧训练对男子赛艇运动员生理机能的影响。方法:12名男子赛艇运动员分成低氧组和对照组,低氧组在赛前大负荷训练期间进行为期4周、每周5天、每天1小时的间歇性低氧训练,其余日常训练两组相同。实验期间每周测试运动员的睡眠质量、耐缺氧能力以及血红蛋白、血尿素、肌酸激酶等指标。结果:4周间歇性低氧训练后,低氧组运动员血红蛋白含量显著高于对照组,血尿素水平和肌酸激酶活性显著低于对照组;低氧组在耐缺氧实验中血氧饱和度显著高于对照组,心率显著低于对照组;低氧组睡眠质量指标得分显著低于对照组。结论:间歇性低氧训练可以提高男子赛艇运动员大负荷训练期间的耐缺氧能力,改善睡眠质量,间接促进机体在承受大负荷训练负荷时的恢复能力。     

Generation of CD8 suppressor factor and β chemokines, induced by xenogeneic immunization, in the prevention of simian immunodeficiency virus infection in macaques

Previous xenogeneic immunization experiments in rhesus macaques with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) grown in human CD4⁺ T cells consistently elicited protection from challenge with live SIV. However, the mechanism of protection has not been established. We present evidence that xenogeneic immunization induced significant CD8 suppressor factor, RANTES (regulated upon activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted), macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP) 1α, and MIP-1β (P < 0.001 - P < 0.02). The concentrations of these increased significantly in protected as compared with infected macaques (P < 0.001). Xenogeneic stimulation in vitro also up-regulated CD8 suppressor factors (SF; P < 0.001) and the β chemokines which were neutralized by antibodies to the 3 β chemokines. Recombinant human RANTES, MIP-1α and MIP-1β which bind to simian CCR5, suppressed SIV replication in a dose-dependent manner, with RANTES being more effective than the other two chemokines. The results suggest that immunization with SIV grown in human CD4⁺ T cells induces CD8-suppressor factor, RANTES, MIP-1α and MIP-1β which may block CCR5 receptors and prevent the virus from binding and fusion to CD4⁺ cells.     

基于信息协作平台的结直肠癌中西医结合三级防治体系的研究初探

结直肠癌(CRC)是常见的消化道恶性肿瘤,近年来结直肠癌的发病率在世界范围内呈攀升状态。大量证据表明,筛查有助于CRC的早期诊断,可降低患者死亡率。因此探讨建立从预防筛查癌前病变和早期癌到早期治疗的有效防治体系有着非常重要的实际意义。中医药早期介入对于结直肠癌的防治有着重要作用,及时加入中医药干预,形成中西医结合的优化方案可明显提高结直肠癌防治水平。建立包括集结直肠癌筛查注册、结直肠癌中西医结合临床路径、"诊疗标准"库、"循证"知识库及资源共享于一体的更加切合临床实用、功能更为强大的结直肠癌信息协作平台可大大增强结直肠癌监测与管理水平,提高工作效率,力争降低结直肠癌的发病率和死亡率。     

黄连阿胶汤对睡眠剥夺大鼠5-羟色胺系统和肠道菌群的影响

目的：基于5-羟色胺系统和肠道菌群研究黄连阿胶汤干预失眠的机制。方法：将55只SPF级SD大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、黄连阿胶汤低、中、高剂量组(1.925、3.85、7.7 g·kg^-1 )和艾司唑仑组(0.1 mg·kg^-1 ),除正常组,其余5组大鼠被放在窄平台剥夺睡眠,每天剥夺12 h,连续21 d。药物干预14 d后,分别通过戊巴比妥钠睡眠协同实验、旷场实验和糖水偏好实验评估大鼠的睡眠情况、探究行为和抑郁样行为;采用酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)检测5-羟色胺(5-HT)、5-羟吲哚乙酸(5-HIAA)、色氨酸羟化酶(TPH)和单胺氧化酶-A(MAO-A)的含量,实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(Real-time PCR)检测5-HT1A受体(5-HT1AR)和5-HT2A受体(5-HT2AR)的mRNA表达;基于16S rRNA测序技术检测各组大鼠肠道菌群的差异,采用冗余分析方法揭示5-HT系统与菌群的关联。结果：与正常组比较,模型组大鼠的睡眠潜伏期延长(P<0.05),睡眠维持时间显著缩短(P<0.01),旷场中央区域...     

Stress‐activated dendritic cells interact with CD4+ T cells to elicit homeostatic memory

Evidence is presented that thermal or oxidizing stress‐activated DC interact with CD4⁺ T cells to induce and maintain a TCR‐independent homeostatic memory circuit. Stress‐activated DC expressed endogenous intra‐cellular and cell surface HSP70. The NF‐κB signalling pathway was activated and led to the expression of membrane‐associated IL‐15 molecules. These interacted with the IL‐15 receptor complex on CD4⁺ T cells, thus activating the Jak3 and STAT5 phosphorylation signalling pathway to induce CD40 ligand expression, T‐cell proliferation and IFN‐γ production. CD40 ligand on CD4⁺ T cells in turn re‐activated CD40 molecules on DC, inducing DC maturation and IL‐15 expression thereby maintaining the feedback circuit. The proliferating CD4⁺ T cells were characterized as CD45RA^? CD62L⁺ central memory cells, which underwent homeostatic proliferation. The circuit is independent of antigen and MHC‐class‐II‐TCR interaction as demonstrated by resistance to TCR inhibition by ZAP70 inhibitor or MHC‐class II antibodies. These findings suggest that stress can activate a DC‐CD4⁺ T‐cell interacting circuit, which may be responsible for maintaining a homeostatic antigen‐independent memory.     

Development and evaluation of an antigen-capture ELISA for detection of the UL24 antigen of the duck enteritis virus, based on a polyclonal antibody against the UL24 expression protein

An antigen-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (AC-ELISA) method was developed for the efficient detection of the UL24 antigen of the duck enteritis virus (DEV) using polyclonal antibodies. Ducks and rabbits were immunized, respectively, with expressed UL24 recombinant protein. The IgG antibodies against UL24 from ducks and rabbits were purified and used as the capture antibodies. The specificity of the optimized AC-ELISA was evaluated by use of DEV, duck hepatitis virus (DHV), duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV), gosling plague virus (GPV), Riemerella anatipestifer (R.A.), Escherichia coli (E. coli), Pasteurella multocida (P.M.) and Salmonella Enteritidis (S.E.). Only DEV specimens yielded a specific and strong signal. The limit of the sensitivity of this method for the detection of DEV was 46 ng/100 μl. Compared with PCR and virus isolation, the rate of agreement for the detection of experimentally infected sera was 100%. A comparative test used on clinical specimens between the neutralization test and the AC-ELISA showed that the proportions of true positives and true negatives by the AC-ELISA were 0.90 and 0.67 respectively. These results indicated that the AC-ELISA approach is rapid, sensitive, and reliable for specific detection of DEV antigen.     

Path analysis of biomarkers of exposure and early biological effects among coke-oven workers exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.

Many host factors or biomarkers are involved in the process of early DNA damage induced by occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) as seen in coke-oven workers. This paper aimed to identify complicated causal interrelationship of various biomarkers using the path analysis. In this analysis, we included 235 subjects (166 coke-oven workers and 69 nonexposed controls) whose data on the comet assay (e.g., Olive tail moment) and cytogenetic analysis of peripheral blood lymphocytes as well as urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP) were available. The path analysis showed that coke-oven exposure and tobacco smoke were both significant predictors of the concentrations of urinary 1-OHP (P < 0.05), with a coefficient of determination of 0.75. The factors having significant influence on the Olive tail moment were in the following order: urinary 1-OHP > XRCC1-exon 9 variant genotype > ERCC2-exon 10 variant genotype > XRCC1-exon 6 variant genotype, with a coefficient of determination of 0.22. The variables of relative importance in influencing on cytokinesis-block micronucleus frequencies were in the following order: coke-oven exposure > urinary 1-OHP > age > mEH3 variant genotype > ERCC2-exon 10 variant genotype > XRCC1-exon 6 variant genotype, with a coefficient of determination of 0.27. These results indicated that exogenous agents, especially the coke-oven exposure, played a more important role than the genotypes in the induction of early genetic damage. In conclusion, the path analysis seemed to be an alternative statistical approach for the ascertainment of complicated association among related biomarkers for the assessment of occupational exposure.     

肿瘤患者食疗行为相关问卷调查的探索

目的：恶性肿瘤患者对于饮食治疗的态度、意愿、接受程度等相关行为的调查。方法：采用问卷式现状调查的定性与定量研究相结合方法。结果：被调查者中分别有86．0％（86／100）和83．2％（84／101）的患者表示愿意接受食疗医嘱和医院提供的食疗；已退休的患者比未退休的患者更愿意接受医院提供的食疗，分别为86．6％（71／82）、57．1％（8／14）；在完全接受食疗的人群中，中、老年所占的比例更大分别是93．3％（28／30）、82．0％（50／61）；不存在饮食障碍的患者对于食疗的需要性更高，85．1％（57／67）；收入水平越高的人群对于食疗知识越了解，P值=0．082；男性患者希望通过食疗能够提高营养的人数更多，而女性患者更希望通过食疗获得心理方面的支持，二者比较具有统计学差异；患肿瘤小于半年的人群中对于食疗花费偏少，病程大于5年的患者愿意更多在食疗方面有更多的投入，具有显著的统计学差异；社会客观支持度越低食疗花费越少，支持度越高食疗花费越多，P值=0．051。结论：此次调查显示，门诊肿瘤患者中绝大多数愿意接受饮食治疗，食疗的接受度与知识水平、收入水平呈正相关，食疗的应用程度与知识水平呈正相关，对于食疗的预期效果，男、女方面存在认识上的差别，病程长的患者承受食疗花费的水平更高。进一步的结论尚需今后深入的调查。