TRPM7干扰载体修复低氧/复氧致大鼠心肌细胞系H9C2损伤

目的研究瞬时受体电位通道7(TRPM7)干扰载体对低氧大鼠心肌细胞系(H9C2)修复功能的影响及其机理。方法建立H9C2心肌细胞低氧/复氧模型,构建TRPM7干扰表达载体转染H9C2细胞,用RT-qPCR与Western blot检测H9C2细胞低氧诱导因子(HIF1-α)和TRPM7的表达,流式细胞计量术检测胞内钙离子水平([Ca^2+]i)和细胞凋亡,确定TRPM7对H9C2心肌细胞的修复作用。结果H9C2细胞转染TRPM7干扰载体后,细胞的HIF1-α和TRPM7表达显著下降(P<0.05),[Ca^2+]i降低及凋亡率减少(P<0.05)。结论TRPM7干扰载体可能通过PI3K/Akt通路对低氧H9C2心肌细胞有显著的修复作用。     

结合恶性胸腔积液中脱落细胞探讨上皮细胞-间质转化与非小细胞肺癌的相关性

目的探讨恶性胸腔积液(malignant pleural effusion,MPE)中非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)上皮细胞-间质转化(epithelial-mesenchymal transition,EMT)相关分子标志物的表达及意义。方法对823例胸水标本进行液基细胞薄层检测(thinPrep cytology test,TCT),结合活检结果确诊107例NSCLC标本,随机分成NSCLC细胞组、NSCLC活检组及NSCLC癌旁组织组三组,对其中39例NSCLC细胞组胸水标本进行沉渣后包埋、切片,采用免疫组化SP法检测三组中vimentin、E-cadherin、N-cadherin、β-catentin的表达,并进行对比分析。结果E-cadherin、β-catentin阳性/异常阳性率在NSCLC细胞组、活检组均明显低于癌旁组织组(P<0.05)。NSCLC细胞组、活检组N-cadherin、vimentin的阳性率均明显高于癌旁组织组(P<0.05)。同时亦发现,在NSCLC细胞组中,E-cadherin表达与分化程度和淋巴结转移有关(P<0.05),β-catentin异常阳性与分化程度有关(P<0.05),N-cadherin与vimentin表达与淋巴结转移有关(P<0.05)。以上4个抗体表达/异常表达均与患者年龄、性别、吸烟史和组织学分型无关(P>0.05)。结论MPE中NSCLC细胞具备EMT表型,从细胞学角度进一步证实EMT现象存在于NSCLC,为新的靶向治疗药物的研究和治疗靶点提供新思路。     

一种基于卷积神经网络的DIA数据预处理模型

目的数据非依赖性采集(data independent acquisition,DIA)是目前针对大通量蛋白质组学分析常用的一种数据采集方式。在对DIA数据无目标的分析方式中,由于无法预测肽段出现在DIA数据中的位置,需要对谱中所有的峰进行分析。但谱中含有大量的噪声峰,这些峰会严重影响后续蛋白质定性定量分析的效率与效果,所以在DIA数据的无目标分析过程中先进行预处理以去除噪声峰就成了很重要的一步。为了能充分利用从DIA数据中提取出来的肽段在一级质谱(first stage of mass spectrometry,MS1)和二级质谱(second stage of mass spectrometry,MS2)中的峰信息,提出质谱卷积神经网络(mass spectrometry convolutional neural network,MSCNN)模型。方法不同于传统的方法,本文首先提出适用于MSCNN网络结构的样本提取流程,然后利用MSCNN对样本进行训练和学习,该模型可以最大限度利用肽在MS1和MS2中的特征,最后通过观察模型在测试集中的结果来验证模型的效果。结果和传统算法相比,在保证真峰处理效果大致相同的情况下,MSCNN模型过滤噪声峰的数量提高了约11.2%。结论本文提出的MSCNN模型可以更有效地去除DIA数据中的噪声峰。     

颈后路全内镜下颈椎间盘切除术与颈前路颈椎间盘切除植骨融合术治疗颈椎间盘突出症的疗效对比

目的比较颈后路全内镜下椎间盘切除术(PPECD)与颈前路颈椎间盘切除植骨融合术(ACDF)治疗单节段旁中央型颈椎间盘突出症的疗效和对邻近节段退变的影响。方法回顾性分析2016年1月至2018年1月期间在本院行手术治疗的88例单节段旁中央型颈椎间盘突出症患者病例资料。按照所行的手术方式分为PPECD组(n=42)及ACDF组(n=46)。比较两组患者的基线情况,手术前、后颈及上肢视觉疼痛评分(VAS),颈椎功能障碍指数(NDI),手术邻近节段左、右侧屈曲及前屈后伸测定值和颈椎相邻节段退变情况。结果两组患者术后随访时间均为12个月。末次随访时,两组患者颈及上肢VAS和NDI评分与术前相比均有改善(0.05),而两组间比较差异无统计学意义(0.05); PPECD组邻近节段左、右侧屈曲及前屈后伸测定值术前比差异无统计学意义(0.05),ACDF组较术前增大(0.05),并且大于PPECD组(0.05); PECD组颈椎邻近节段退变情况优于ACDF组(0.05)。结论 PPECD和ACDF均能显著改善单节段旁中央型颈椎间盘突出症患者的临床症状,但PPECD对维持患者术后颈椎活动度、减少术后邻近椎体节段退变有一定优势。     

电刺激联合神经营养素3可促进脊髓损伤大鼠内源性神经干细胞的增殖和分化

文题释义： 神经营养素3：是神经生长因子基因家族的成员,可促进多种中枢和外周神经元的存活和分化,调节神经元突触活动,并对神经系统发育和成熟起重要作用。神经营养素3在损伤条件下对神经元具有保护作用,因而在治疗神经系统疾病和神经损伤中有临床应用前景。 内源性神经干细胞：正常机体中,神经干细胞一般处于静息状态,在特定的生理或病理刺激下被激活,其中侧脑室外侧壁的室下带和海马齿状回的颗粒下带是产生神经干细胞最为活跃的区域,神经系统损伤后,在多种细胞因子、调控基因的调节下发生增殖、迁移和分化等。 背景：由于外源性神经干细胞的获取有限,且容易产生免疫排斥以及伦理问题等严重制约其向临床转化,因此如何激活内源性神经干细胞并促进其生长增殖、分化,成为近期科研工作者究的热点。 目的：探讨电刺激联合神经营养素3对大鼠脊髓损伤后内源性神经干细胞增殖及向神经元分化的作用。 方法：将96只SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、脊髓损伤组、电刺激组、电刺激+神经营养素3组,每组24只。假手术组仅暴露脊髓,其他3组大鼠应用改良Allen法建立脊髓损伤模型,造模后给予相应措施进行干预。造模后7,14,21,28 d时,以BBB评分评价大鼠后肢运动功能,电生理学检查运动诱发电位潜伏期;造模后28 d取材,进行苏木精-伊红染色观察脊髓病理变化,免疫组化染色观察内源性神经干细胞的增殖和分化情况。实验方案经兰州大学第二医院医学伦理委员会批准。 结果与结论：①与假手术组相比,脊髓损伤组大鼠的BBB评分明显降低(P < 0.01),脊髓组织可见大量炎症细胞浸润,并存在多个空洞;与脊髓损伤组相比,电刺激组、电刺激+神经营养素3组大鼠后肢功能开始逐渐恢复,电刺激+神经营养素3组BBB评分明显高于电刺激组(P < 0.05),上述病理损伤变化明显改善;②脊髓损伤组7,14 d及电刺激组大鼠7 d时双后肢运动诱发电位潜伏期均未测出,电刺激组、电刺激+神经营养素3组21,28 d时运动诱发电位潜伏期较模型组缩短(P < 0.05),电刺激+神经营养素3组潜伏期缩短更显著    (P < 0.05);③BrdU和Nestin阳性细胞数、微管相关蛋白2的表达：电刺激+神经营养素3组>电刺激组>脊髓损伤组;胶质纤维酸性蛋白的表达：脊髓损伤组>电刺激组>电刺激+神经营养素3组。结果表明脊髓损伤大鼠经电刺激及神经营养素3干预后,促进内源性神经干细胞增殖和向神经元分化,病理损伤明显减轻,后肢运动功能显著改善。 ORCID: 0000-0002-6353-8874(张培根) 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程     

CiteSpace知识图谱可视化分析中医药防治绝经后骨质疏松症

文题释义： CiteSpace知识图谱：CiteSpace基于Java语言,将应用数学、统计学、文献计量学、信息科学等各学科的理论和方法相结合,对领域内研究文献的引文、作者、关键词进行时间空间多元共现分析,把数据分析映射在二维、三维图形中,从宏观、微观等多层面展现学术网络结构和动态变化,形成领域的知识图谱。 绝经后骨质疏松症：主要发生于绝经后女性的骨质疏松症,是由于雌激素缺乏导致骨量减少及骨组织结构变化。该病隐匿发生,临床主要有骨痛、驼背或身高变矮、局部压痛叩击痛等表现,发生骨折或合并症后严重影响老年人的身体健康和生活质量,甚至缩短寿命。背景：中医药防治绝经后骨质疏松症有着悠久的历史,相关领域内研究逐步发展壮大,但目前针对该领域内研究文献的发表情况、核心作者、研究力量等要素分析及系统综述较少。 目的：针对中医药防治绝经后骨质疏松症的相关文献研究进行CiteSpace知识图谱绘制及可视化分析,了解该领域研究过程、研究热点、发展趋势,为其后续发展提供依据与可行性建议。方法：计算机检索中国知识基础设施工程(CNKI)数据库1993至2019年关于中医药防治绝经后骨质疏松症的相关文献,统计分析纳入文献年度发文量、科研基金资助情况、高频被引文献等,并将纳入文献以RefWorks格式导出使用CiteSpace V软件生成发文机构、作者、关键词等信息的知识图谱,进行可视化分析。结果与结论：①共纳入453篇文献,该领域研究自1993年开展并逐渐获得重视,研究文献以期刊论文为主要形式;②各类科研基金中以国家自然科学基金的资助项目最多;③核心作者有12人,主要研究者有郑洪新、梁文娜、葛建荣等,并形成相应的主要研究团队;④主要研究机构有广州中医药大学附属骨伤科医院、辽宁中医药大学等中医药院校及其附属医院;⑤研究形成了9个具有代表性的关键词聚类,并随时间推移呈现研究方向的转变趋势;⑥由以上分析可见,中医药防治绝经后骨质疏松症的相关研究历经20余年,形成多个研究力量、研究主题,其发展仍处于上升期;如能从国家发展战略高度整合优势资源,促进不同地区、机构合作,进一步发掘中医药特色,有望促进中医药走向世界,兴旺发展。 ORCID: 0000-0003-0247-9863(李绍烁) 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程     

Norepinephrine provides short-term neuroprotection against Aβ1–42 by reducing oxidative stress independent of Nrf2 activation

Pathophysiological evidence correlating locus ceruleus neuron loss with increased Alzheimer's disease pathology suggests that norepinephrine (NE) is neuroprotective. Here, we evaluated the effects of NE on amyloid-β (Aβ)1-42–induced neurotoxicity and determined how NE exerts its actions in human SK-N-SH neurons. NE protected SK-N-SH cells against Aβ1-42–induced neurotoxicity only after a 4-hour treatment. The ability of NE to reduce Aβ1-42–induced neurotoxicity was independent of the adrenoceptor signaling pathway. Notably, NE downregulated Aβ1-42–mediated increases in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. However, NE did not affect Aβ1-42–induced activation of the nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2) redox signaling pathway, known to be involved in oxidative stress. Among the antioxidants tested, N-acetyl cysteine and glutathione, which are not only ROS scavengers but also thiol-reducing agents, mimicked the protective effects of NE. Consistently, Kelch-like ECH-associating protein 1 inhibitors, which activated the Nrf2 pathway, failed to decrease Aβ1-42–induced ROS generation and elicited no protection against Aβ1–42. Taken together, these findings suggest that NE could exert neuroprotective function against Aβ1–42 via redox cycling and reduction of intracellular oxidative stress regardless of downstream activation of the Nrf2 pathway.     

A novel quartz-crystal microbalance humidity sensor based on solution-processible indium oxide quantum dots

Having a large surface area, like the quantum confinement effect also caused by the nano-level size of quantum dots (QDs), creates fantastic potential for humidity sensing. A high concentration of surface adsorption sites initiates an increased response. Porosity between QDs allows fast water vapor penetration and outflow. Here, a quartz-crystal microbalance (QCM) humidity sensor was prepared using indium oxide (In₂O₃) QDs, synthesized via a solvothermal method. After the In₂O₃ QDs were directly spin-coated onto the QCM, an annealing process removed organic long chains and exposed more moisture adsorption sites on the surfaces of the QDs. The annealed QCM humidity sensor exhibited high sensitivity (56.3 Hz per %RH at 86.3% RH), with a fast response/recovery time (14 s/16 s). Long carbon chains were broken down, and hydrogen-bonded hydroxyl groups were chemisorbed to the QDs. The chemical reaction was reduced by these chemisorbed hydrogen-bonded hydroxyl groups. Mass change was mostly caused by fast multilayer physisorption. Thus, the transducer can effectively and precisely monitor the moisture from a person''s breath. In₂O₃ QD-modified QCM sensors demonstrate promising humidity-sensing applications in daily life.

A high-performance QCM humidity sensor was prepared based on In₂O₃ QDs with a high specific surface area.     

Gastrointestinal parasites in rural dogs and cats in Selangor and Pahang states in Peninsular Malaysia

To estimate the current prevalence of gastrointestinal (GI) parasites in dogs and cats, a total of 105 fresh faecal samples were collected from rural areas in Peninsular Malaysia. Each faecal sample was examined for the presence of GI parasites by microscopic examination after formalin-ether concentration technique and for protozoa, trichrome and Ziehl-Neelsen staining were employed. The overall prevalence of GI parasitic infection was 88.6% (95% CI = 82.5–94.7) in which 88.3% of dogs and 89.3% of cats were infected with at least one parasites species, respectively. There were 14 different GI parasites species (nematodes, cestodes and protozoa) detected, including Ancylostoma spp. (62.9%), Toxocara spp. (32.4%), Trichuris vulpis (21.0%), Spirometra spp. (9.5%), Toxascaris leonina (5.7%), Dipylidium caninum (4.8%), Ascaris spp. (2.9%), Hymenolepis diminuta (1.0%) and others. General prevalence of GI parasites showed a significant difference between helminth (84.4%) and protozoa (34.3%) infections. Monoparasitism (38.1%) was less frequent than polyparasitism (46.7%). As several of these GI parasites are recognized as zoonotic agents, the results of this investigation revealed that local populations may be exposed to a broad spectrum of zoonotic agents by means of environmental contamination with dogs and cats faeces and this information should be used to mitigate public health risks. Prevention and control measures have to be taken in order to reduce the prevalence rates especially in socioeconomically disadvantaged communities where animals live in close proximity to people, poor levels of hygiene and overcrowding together with a lack in veterinary attention and zoonotic awareness.