p,p′-DDE对离体培养的大鼠睾丸支持细胞MAPK通路的影响

目的　研究p ,p′ DDE对离体培养大鼠睾丸支持细胞内信号转导通路的影响。方法　从大鼠睾丸组织中分离支持细胞进行离体原代培养 ,以SABC方法来检测细胞内p ERK的表达。结果　发现支持细胞细胞内p ERK随p,p′ DDE剂量的增高而染色加深 ,而且胞浆胞核都表达。结论　p ,p′ DDE可导致支持细胞内ERK磷酸化 ,诱导ERK下游通路的激活 ,从而影响到基因的转录和表达。     

0～6岁儿童骨密度与血清锌、铜、血铅关系的研究

【目的】　探讨 0～ 6岁儿童低骨密度与血清锌、铜、血铅的关系 ,为临床儿童低骨密度的预防提供依据。　【方法】　在本院儿保门诊 ,随机抽取己排除影响骨代谢性疾病的 0～ 6岁儿童 2 0 4名 ,用超声骨密度仪测胫骨中段骨密度 ,根据同年龄、同性别骨密度值的百分位数分成低骨密度组与正常对照组 ,同时测定血清锌、铜及全血铅。　【结果】　低骨密度组平均血清锌水平 ( 12 70 .5± 14 6.0 ) μmol/L低于对照组 ( 13 2 2 .1± 166.0 ) μmol/L ,差异有显著性(P <0 .0 5 ) ;锌缺乏患病率 ( 3 0 %)高于对照组 ( 18%) ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;低骨密度组平均血清铜值 ( 14 98.6±2 16.8) μmol/L ,稍低于对照组 ( 15 3 4.4± 2 3 0 .6) μmol/L ,但差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;两组铜缺乏患病率、血铅值、铅中毒患病率差异无统计学意义 (P >0 .0 5 )。　【结论】　 0～ 6岁儿童低骨密度的发生与锌缺乏有关 ,应加强儿童锌缺乏症的预防和治疗 ,以降低儿童低骨密度的发生。     

Invasive middle ear cholesterol granuloma involving the basal turn of the cochlea with profound sensorineural hearing loss.

STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective surgical case review. SETTING: A tertiary-care, university teaching hospital. PATIENTS: The authors describe a unique case operated on for a middle ear cholesterol granuloma, which had invaded the cochlea and vestibule causing profound sensorineural deafness. INTERVENTIONS: Extended radical mastoidectomy and labyrinthectomy with musculofascial seal. RESULTS: Successful postoperative outcome with no recurrence seen after 2 years of follow up. CONCLUSION: To the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case of a primary middle ear cholesterol granuloma with direct invasion into the cochlea. Such invasion of the otic capsule by cholesterol granulomas is rare and presents a diagnostic challenge to the attending otologist and radiologist. Salient points of the case history, pathogenesis, imaging studies, histopathology, and management are presented with a review of the current literature.     

选择性冠状动脉内支架置入术围手术期的配合与护理

目的 :探讨合理配合与正确护理在冠状动脉内球囊成形 (PTCA)及支架置入术中的作用。方法 :冠心病病人184例经冠状动脉造影确诊后 ,根据冠状动脉血管狭窄程度行PTCA加内支架置入术 ,术中除配合操作医师完成介入手术及监护外 ,同时对病人进行心理护理 ,术后康复指导。结果 :184例病人置入1个支架者107例 (58 % ) ,2个支架者62例 (33 % ) ,3个支架者12例 (6 % ) ,4个支架者3例 (约占1 6 % ) ,手术成功率达到99 %。结论 :围手术期的合理配合与正确护理对提高PTCA的成功率 ,减少并发症具有重要的意义     

肉碱和长链脂肪醇对小鼠大脑乙酰胆碱的影响

目的　探讨肉碱和长链脂肪醇对小鼠大脑乙酰胆碱 (Ach)含量的影响。方法　用析因实验设计方法将BALB/C成年雄性小鼠随机分为标准对照、高脂对照、肉碱、长链脂肪醇、肉碱和长链脂肪醇合用共 5组 ,标准对照组饲标准饲料 ,其它各组饲含 2 0 %油脂的饲料 ,肉碱 [剂量 50mg/ (kg·鼠重 ) ]和长链脂肪醇 [剂量 50mg/ (kg·鼠重 ) ]以0 0 9%的剂量加到饲料中连续喂养 3 0d后 ,称体重、脑重 ,计算脑体比 ,用碱性羟胺比色法测大脑组织中Ach含量。结果　肉碱和长链脂肪醇对成鼠体重、脑重、脑体比无显著影响 (P >0 0 5) ;高脂饲料组小鼠脑内Ach含量较对照组明显降低 (P <0 0 5) ,长链脂肪醇可引起高脂动物脑内Ach含量升高 (P <0 0 5) ,但与正常饲料组无明显差异 (P >0 0 5) ;肉碱引起脑内Ach含量明显增多 (P <0 0 5) ;但两者联合作用时有交互作用 (P <0 0 1) ,且脑内Ach含量约等于者单独作用的差值。结论　肉碱、长链脂肪醇能分别促进小鼠大脑Ach含量的增加 ,但联合作用时表现为拮抗     

口腔颊粘膜给药系统及其质量评价

介绍了口腔颊粘膜给药系统,并对其制剂的粘附力、粘附时间、膨胀率、均匀度和有效性等质量评价方面进行了综述。作为新型给药系统,颊粘膜给药系统的成熟与发展还需要在质量评价等方面进行深入研究。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定托拉噻米胶囊中托拉噻米的含量

目的建立高效液相色谱法测定托拉噻米胶囊中托拉噻米的含量。方法以岛津Sh impack CLC(M)C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)为色谱柱,以甲醇-0.02 mol.L-1磷酸二氢钾溶液(用磷酸调节pH至3.0)(65∶35)为流动相,检测波长为UV291 nm,流速为0.9 ml.min-1。结果托拉噻米在2~24μg.ml-1范围内具有良好线性关系(r=0.999 9),平均加样回收率为99.73%,相对标准差为0.17%;三批样品的标示百分含量(%)分别为99.8、100.1及100.4。结论本方法准确、灵敏度高、重现性好,可用于托拉噻米胶囊的含量测定。     

Tissue microarray: an effective high-throughput method to study the placenta for clinical and research purposes.

OBJECTIVE: Tissue microarray (TMA) technology allows simultaneous examination of the expression of many molecular markers (protein, mRNA, DNA, etc.) with high-throughput. The application of this technology, to date, has been largely confined to the study of cancer. Placental pathology poses unique challenges because of the size of the organ, its complex anatomy, as well as its histological heterogeneity. The objective of this study was to assess the feasibility and efficiency of TMAs for immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization of placental tissues. STUDY DESIGN: TMAs were constructed using an automated tissue arrayer. Standard 0.6-mm or 1-mm microarray needles were used. Villous parenchyma, basal plate, and chorioamniotic membranes were targeted in each block. Five mum-thick TMA sections underwent immunohistochemical analysis of both cytoplasmic and nuclear antigens using a panel of antibodies against a variety of cytoplasmic [cytokeratin-7, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and protein Z], membranous (endoglin), and nuclear (c-fos and c-jun) antigens. mRNA in situ hybridization for surfactant protein A (SP-A) and chromogenic in situ hybridization for the Y chromosome (DYZ1) were also performed. RESULTS: Validation of TMA immunoreactivity demonstrated comparable results with corresponding whole sections. When a two-tiered scoring system (positive/negative) was employed, there was agreement between two and three cores and whole tissue sections (kappa>0.7). When a three-tiered scoring system (negative, weak-positive, or strong-positive) was used, the data from three cores showed the highest agreement with whole tissue sections (kappa >0.7). In situ hybridization experiments for mRNA and DNA were also successful in that the signals were readily detectable. Successful transfer from the donor block to the recipient block differed according to the anatomical compartment. The transfer efficiency of villous parenchyma, basal plate, and chorioamniotic membranes were 96.9% (875/903), 76.7% (115/150), and 75.4% (224/297), respectively. CONCLUSION: TMA is a practical and effective tool for high-throughput molecular analysis of the human placenta. Duplicate and triplicate cores offer agreement with whole tissue sections for two-category distinction immunostaining. TMA also affords relevant results from in situ hybridization experiments for mRNA and DNA. The major advantages are the conservation of tissues and reagents, simultaneous comparison of molecular markers in different anatomical compartments of the placenta, and reduction of experimental error.     

人表皮生长因子对牛角膜内皮细胞增殖和细胞周期的影响

目的 观察表皮生长因子(EGF)对牛角膜内皮细胞增殖和细胞周期的影响.方法 采用体外培养的牛角膜内皮细胞,在培养液中分别添加不同浓度的人表皮生长因子(hEGF),加药后第3、7天采用MTT法,在酶标仪492 nm波长处测定吸光度值观测细胞增殖,并记录细胞形态变化.将体外培养的牛角膜内皮细胞分为二组,常规DMEM培养液组和含50 ng/mL EGF的DMEM培养液组,培养3、7天后,应用流式细胞仪检测细胞周期各阶段G1、S、G2期分布.结果 与对照组相比,不同浓度EGF组对牛角膜内皮细胞增殖有促进作用且与浓度相关,其中10 ng/mL和100 ng/mL组作用强于1 ng/mL组.EGF加入后3 d,对照组S期细胞24.5%,G2-M期细胞0.08%,加药组S期细胞24.6%,G2-M期细胞0.06%.与对照组相比较,各期细胞分布大致相等,无显著差异.加入7 d后对照组S期细胞20.8%,G2-M期细胞0.41%,加药组S期细胞18.2%,G2-M期细胞1.55%,细胞分布发生明显变化.结论 EGF促进体外培养的牛角膜内皮细胞增殖,并使体外培养的牛角膜内皮细胞的细胞周期发生变化,S期细胞比例下降.     

探讨如何提高高速涡轮手机的使用寿命

高速涡轮手机的使用寿命取决于多种因素,包括压缩空气的压力、质量以及临床的使用,只有客观条件在一定范围,使用和保养得当,才能提高其使用寿命.