We present a novel method that can assay cellular viability in real-time using supervised machine learning and intracellular dynamic activity data that is acquired in a label-free, non-invasive, and non-destructive manner. Cell viability can be an indicator for cytology, treatment, and diagnosis of diseases. We applied four supervised machine learning models on the observed data and compared the results with a trypan blue assay. The cell death assay performance by the four supervised models had a balanced accuracy of 93.92 ± 0.86%. Unlike staining techniques, where criteria for determining viability of cells is unclear, cell viability assessment using machine learning could be clearly quantified. 相似文献
Purpose: To report a series of patients with fungal orbital cellulitis who underwent exenteration surgery and describe presenting features, management and outcomes at a referral center.
Methods: Retrospective case series.
Results: From November 2011 to March 2014, four patients underwent orbital exenteration for fungal orbital cellulitis at the University of Illinois. Three patients had mucormycosis and one had aspergillosis. All patients were treated with intravenous antifungals and underwent orbital exenteration. Two patients were successfully treated with supplemental intra-orbital catheter delivery of amphotericin B. Presenting visual acuity in the affected eye ranged from 20/25 to no light perception. Some level of ophthalmoplegia was present in three patients. Significantly elevated intraocular pressure was found in two patients. All patients with mucormycosis were found to have uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. One patient had a history of myelodysplastic syndrome, chronic hepatitis C infection, polysubstance abuse and Crohn’s disease. Another patient had a history of alcoholic liver cirrhosis, Crohn’s disease treated with systemic immunosuppression and renal cell carcinoma. The patient with aspergillosis had myelodysplastic syndrome and portal hypertension, and the initial presentation resembled giant cell arteritis. Two of four patients died during their hospitalization.
Conclusions: Fungal orbital cellulitis has a high mortality rate despite aggressive antifungal treatment and orbital exenteration performed soon after the diagnosis is confirmed. Patients often have a history of immunosuppression and the onset may be insidious. There must be a high rate of suspicion for fungal orbital cellulitis given the appropriate signs and medical history in order to avoid treatment delay. 相似文献
We describe a rare case of an infant who was born with multiple congenital anomalies, including the absence of eyelids. This patient had many dysmorphic features consistent with a severe phenotype of ablepharon-macrostomia syndrome (AMS) including a fish-like appearance of the mouth, rudimentary ears, absence of body hair, thin skin, absent nipples, abdominal distension, and genital abnormalities. Upon presentation, there was severe exposure keratopathy causing large bilateral sterile ulcers culminating in corneal melting of both eyes. An amniotic membrane graft was used to attempt to maintain the corneal surface integrity. However, because of the late presentation, the corneas could not be salvaged. Extensive surgical reconstruction of both eyelids and bilateral penetrating keratoplasty was ultimately performed successfully to protect the ocular surfaces while trying to maximize the visual potential. Early amniotic membrane grafting may be done at the bedside and may help preserve the ocular in patients with severe eyelid deformities until more definitive treatment is performed.Key Words: Ablepharon, Macrostomia, Congenital eyelid anomalies, Absent hair, Absent eyelids相似文献
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Recognition and circumvention of the hepatic endothelial barrier is critical in the engraftment of transplanted cells. We examined whether interactions between integrin and extracellular matrix component receptors could be manipulated for improving transplanted cell engraftment and liver repopulation. METHODS: Fischer 344 rat hepatocytes were transplanted into syngeneic dipeptidyl peptidase IV-deficient rats. Coating of cells or of liver sinusoids with natural collagen, natural laminin, or an engineered fibronectin-like polymer was studied with analysis of cell engraftment and liver repopulation using histologic and molecular assays. Focal adhesion complexes were identified by vinculin immunostaining. The role of integrin receptors in cell engraftment was analyzed with RGD peptide inhibition assays. RESULTS: Coating of cells with extracellular matrix components before transplantation did not enhance cell engraftment. In contrast, intraportal infusion of collagen or fibronectin-like polymer in recipients prior to cell transplantation increased cell engraftment. Adherence of transplanted cells to the hepatic endothelium resulted in rapid activation of vinculin-containing focal adhesion complexes. Superior cell engraftment in animals treated with fibronectin-like polymer was RGD sensitive, verifying the integrin-dependent nature of this process. Moreover, studies in the retrorsine-partial hepatectomy rat model showed that intraportal infusion of the fibronectin-like polymer before cell transplantation significantly accelerated liver repopulation. CONCLUSIONS: Integrin-extracellular matrix component interactions can be manipulated for enhancing cell engraftment in the liver. Such mechanisms will be relevant for engraftment of other cell types and for strategies concerning liver-directed cell therapy. 相似文献
We show here that the expression of 4–1BB is rapidly induced in γδ T cells following antigenic stimulation in both mice and humans, and ligation of the newly acquired 4–1BB with an agonistic anti‐4–1BB augments cell division and cytokine production. We further demonstrate that γδ rather than αβ T cells protect mice from Listeria monocytogenes (LM) infection and 4–1BB stimulation enhances the γδ T‐cell activities in the acute phase of LM infection. IFN‐γ produced from γδ T cells was the major soluble factor regulating LM infection. Vγ1+ T cells were expanded in LM‐infected mice and 4–1BB signal triggered an exclusive expansion of Vγ1+ T cells and induced IFN‐γ in these Vγ1+ T cells. Similarly, 4–1BB was induced on human γδ T cells and shown to be fully functional. Combination treatment with human γδ T cells and anti‐hu4–1BB effectively protected against LM infection in human γδ T cell‐transferred NOD‐SCID mice. Taken together, these data provide evidence that the 4–1BB signal is an important regulator of γδ T cells and induces robust host defense against LM infection. 相似文献
Journal of Digital Imaging - The image biomarkers standardization initiative (IBSI) was formed to address the standardization of extraction of quantifiable imaging metrics. Despite its effort,... 相似文献