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51.
52.
Oestrogen receptor gene polymorphisms and ovarian stimulation for in- vitro fertilization 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
Georgiou I; Konstantelli M; Syrrou M; Messinis IE; Lolis DE 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1997,12(7):1430-1433
Experimental evidence has shown that mice lacking the oestrogen receptor
(ESR) gene are infertile with cystic ovaries and follicular arrest. In
humans, several polymorphisms and mutations in the ESR gene have been
identified. In this study we have analysed a common PvuII and a rare BstUI
polymorphism in the ESR gene. Analysis was carried out on DNA samples from
women undergoing ovarian stimulation for in-vitro fertilization (IVF) and
embryo transfer and controls having at least one pregnancy. Comparisons
were done between the three PvuII genotypes, concerning the mean numbers of
follicles and oocytes and the mean ratios of follicles to oocytes harvested
in two consecutive cycles. Significantly lower ratios were identified in
the group lacking the PvuII polymorphism, compared with the groups with
heterozygous or homozygous PvuII polymorphisms (P > 0.05 and P > 0.01
respectively). The rare haplotype having both PvuII and BstUI restriction
sites on one chromosome was present only in the IVF group. Pregnancies from
IVF were significantly rarer in patients who were homozygous for the PvuII
polymorphism (P > 0.05). Our results suggest that genetic variability in
the ESR has a role in the quality of the ovarian follicles as judged by the
ovarian response to stimulation and may also affect implantation.
相似文献
53.
Messinis IE; Milingos S; Zikopoulos K; Hasiotis G; Seferiadis K; Lolis D 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1998,13(9):2415-2420
Oestradiol enhances pituitary sensitivity to gonadotrophin-releasing
hormone (GnRH) in normal women, while in women undergoing ovulation
induction the putative factor gonadotrophin surge attenuating factor
(GnSAF) attenuates the response of luteinizing hormone (LH) to GnRH. To
study the relationships between oestradiol and GnSAF during ovulation
induction, 15 normally ovulating women were investigated in an untreated
spontaneous cycle (control, first cycle), in a cycle treated with daily
i.m. injections of 225 IU urinary follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
(Metrodin HP, uFSH cycle) and in a cycle treated with daily s.c. injections
of 225 IU recombinant FSH (Gonal-F, rFSH cycle). Treatment with FSH started
on cycle day 2. The women during the second and third cycle were allocated
to the two treatments in an alternate way. One woman who became pregnant
during the first treatment cycle (rFSH) was excluded from the study. In all
cycles, an i.v. injection of 10 microg GnRH was given to the women (n = 14)
daily from days 2-7 as well as from the day on which the leading follicle
was 14 mm in diameter (day V) until mid-cycle (n = 7). The response of LH
to GnRH at 30 min (deltaLH), representing pituitary sensitivity, was
calculated. In the spontaneous (control) cycles, deltaLH values increased
significantly only during the late follicular phase, i.e. from day V to
mid-cycle, at which time they were correlated significantly with serum
oestradiol values (r = 0.554, P < 0.01). Initially during the early
follicular phase in the uFSH and the rFSH cycles, deltaLH values showed a
significant decline which was not related to oestradiol (increased GnSAF
bioactivity). Then, deltaLH values increased significantly on cycle day 7
and further on day v with no change thereafter up to mid- cycle. On these
two days, deltaLH values were correlated significantly with serum
oestradiol values (r = 0.587 and r = 0.652 respectively, P < 0.05).
During the pre-ovulatory period, deltaLH values in the FSH cycles were
significantly lower than in the spontaneous cycles. Significantly higher
serum FSH values were achieved during treatment with uFSH than rFSH.
However, serum values of oestradiol, immunoreactive inhibin, and deltaLH as
well as the number of follicles > or = 12 mm in diameter did not differ
significantly between the two FSH preparations. These results suggest that
in women undergoing ovulation induction with FSH, oestradiol enhances
pituitary sensitivity to GnRH, while GnSAF exerts antagonistic effects. The
rFSH used in this study (Gonal-F) was at least as effective as the uFSH
preparation (Metrodin-HP) in inducing multiple follicular maturation in
normally cycling women.
相似文献
54.
55.
Van den Herik-Oudijk IE; Ter Bekke MW; Tempelman MJ; Capel PJ; Van de Winkel JG 《Blood》1995,86(9):3302-3307
Most Ig receptors exist as multi-subunit complexes with a unique ligand binding alpha chain and a common signaling FcR gamma-chain. The myeloid Fc gamma RIIa (CD32) appears unique among FcR because both ligand- binding and signaling capacity are found in the alpha chain. Within the cytoplasmic tails of Fc gamma RIIa and FcR gamma-chain similar, but not identical, activatory motifs (ITAMs) have been defined, in which tyrosines play an important role. Previously, Fc gamma RIIa-ITAM was shown to be critical for both proximal and distal activatory functions in IIA1.6 B-cell transfectants. Triggering of interleukin-2 (IL-2) release and antigen presentation was absent in Fc gamma RIIa, but not in FcR gamma-chain receptor complexes. We now assessed the capacity of Fc gamma RIIa wild-type and Fc gamma RIIa/gamma chimeric molecules to trigger IL-2 production and antigen presentation by B cells. Both of these functions could solely be triggered by receptors containing the FcRIIa was capable of functional interaction with FcR gamma-chain, thus reconstituting the capacity to trigger IL-2 release and antigen presentation. These data document qualitative differences between Fc receptor ITAMs. 相似文献
56.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Recurrence of varices and rebleeding after endoscopic therapy is very common. Data on the prediction of recurrent varices after initial obliteration by endoscopic therapy are few. The aim of this study was to correlate the presence and the size of paraesophageal varices (PEVs) in patients after endoscopic variceal ligation with recurrent varices and rebleeding. METHODS: Forty patients who underwent endoscopic banding ligation for esophageal variceal bleeding were studied by endosonography within 4 weeks after obliteration of varices. PEVs were classified as none, small, or large (maximum diameter, > or =0.5 cm). Esophagoscopy and endosonography were then repeated every 6 months for up to 1 year. RESULTS: Two patients (5%) were not detected to have PEVs. Small and large PEVs were identified in 24 (60%) and 14 (35%) patients, respectively. During the follow-up period of 1-year, recurrent submucosal esophageal varices were detected in 24 patients, including 13 patients (93%) with large PEVs and 11 patients (46%) with no or small PEVs (P = 0.0019). Recurrent bleeding occurred in 6 patients (43%) with large PEVs and in 3 patients (12%) with small PEVs (P = 0.044). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with large PEVs have a higher risk of developing recurrent varices and rebleeding. (Gastroenterology 1997 Jun;112(6):1811-6) 相似文献
57.
The pharmacokinetics and the pharmacological response to phenprocoumon have been studied in female and male inbred Lewis-Wistar rats. A significantly lower clearance was found in female than in male rats (7.9 +/- 1.4 vs 24.5 +/- 2.5 mL h-1 kg-1, respectively; t = 15.09, P less than 0.001) as well as a lower apparent volume of distribution (288 +/- 46 vs 617 +/- 105 mL kg-1; t = 7.58, P less than 0.001) and a longer half-life (25.5 +/- 3.4 vs 17.5 +/- 1.8 h; t = 5.16, P less than 0.001). The binding of phenprocoumon was higher in female than in male rats (fu: 0.0096 +/ 0.0008 vs 0.0124 +/- 0.0007, respectively; t = 6.66, P less than 0.001). The total (C) as well as the unbound concentration (Cu) needed to elicit a 50% decrease in the prothrombin complex synthesis rate was substantially higher in female rats: C50 was 377 +/- 98 ng mL-1 in female and 155 +/- 29 ng mL-1 in male rats (t = 5.32, P less than 0.001), whereas Cu50 was 3.6 +/- 0.7 ng mL-1 in female and 1.9 +/- 0.3 ng mL-1 in male rats (t = 5.50, P less than 0.001). However, because of the lower clearance and volume of distribution and the longer half-life in female rats, the female rats experienced a higher cumulative effect than male rats to 0.34 mg kg-1 i.v. doses. 相似文献
58.
59.
In vitro function and post-transfusion survival of granulocytes collected by continuous-flow centrifugation and by filtration leukapheresis 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
The function of granulocytes collected by continuous-flow centrifugation (CFC) and by filtration leukapheresis (FL) was studied in vitro, and the post-transfusion recovery and intravascular survival of these cells was studied by autologous transfusion in normal donors. Granulocytes collected by both FL and CFC leukapheresis (CFCL) functioned normally in the quantitative nitroblue tetrazolium, oxygen consumption, and chemotaxis assays. Bacterial killing was slightly but consistently decreased in FL but not CFCL granulocytes. The post- transfusion recovery of control granulocytes collected by ordinary phlebotomy averaged 52% in eight transfusions, compared with 34% for six CFCL granulocyte concentrates and 16% for six FL concentrates. The intravascular half-times were 3.8 hr for phlebotomy and 3.0 hr for CFCL granulocytes. FL granulocytes had survival curves which were nonlinear and a single half-life could not be calculated. The average half-time 30 min after transfusion was 1.3 hr, and 3 hr after transfusion it was 2.6 hr. Granulocytes collected by FL had a mild impairment of bacterial killing, decreased post-transfusion recovery, and altered intravascular kinetics. None of these abnormalities was found in granulocytes collected by CFCL. 相似文献
60.