Disordered immunologic reactivity in patients with chronic calculous cholecystitis

In patients with chronic calculous cholecystitis, the number of T-lymphocytes decreased, the number of B-lymphocytes and their ability to transform into the blasts in response to stimulation of the specific bacterial antigen increased, the synthesis of immunoglobulins intensified, a titre of the antibodies specific to microflora of the biliary mucosa grew, the levels of complement, lysozyme and properdin decreased, the bacterial activity of blood serum was suppressed. It is necessary to correct these disorders in the process of preoperative preparation of the patients.     

Behavioural attitudes and the level of distress in the process of adaptation to the new society

There are no data of the relationships between the level of distress and the subject's behavioural attitudes. We have investigated these relationships on 201 subjects, 80 men and 121 women, after 5 years of emigration from the former USSR to Israel. The level of distress measured by using the Talbieh Brief Distress Inventory and behavioural attitudes estimated by using the test BASE were compared in subjects differing in their level of adaptation to the new society. Search Activity was higher in men than in women, in men it was almost twice as high as stereotyped behaviour, while in women both behavioural attitudes were almost equal. Subjects with different levels of distress do not differ significantly on behavioural attitudes. However, Search Activity in stressful conditions display a tendency to be more flexible in men than in women. Stereotyped behaviour under stressful conditions displays a general tendency to be low. In the absence of stress a tendency toward the stereotyped activity tends to dominate in women, while in the presence of stress they demonstrate a tendency toward the relative increase of panic and passive behaviour. The role of gender in behavioural attitudes in normal and stressful conditions is discussed. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Ambulatory care of patients with sequelae of eye trauma

On the grounds of results of observations over 1642 patients with eye traumas and their outcomes a system of dispensary observation over patients with this pathology has been worked out. Main groups of patients with outcomes after eye traumas requiring dispensarization are determined: sequelae after trauma of the protective system and eye adnexa, cornea, iris, lens, vitreous body, retina, intraocular foreign bodies, post-traumatic disturbances in intraocular pressure, changes in the retina and optic nerve, traumatic uveitis and sympathetic ophthalmia at the stage of remission. Terms, incidence and tasks of dispensarization of such patients are worked out. The developed system of dispensarization of persons with sequelae after eye traumas allows to conduct their planned treatment, prevents development of complications, progression of the pathologic process, promotes to decide questions on getting a job.     

The classification of crystalline lens dislocations

A new classification of lens dislocations is proposed, differing from the previous ones by inclusion of all clinico-anatomic changes taking place in lens dislocation, all possible complications and associated pathology. The classification takes into consideration clinical symptoms in lens dislocation, the degree of transparency of the lens and the vitreous body, the state of intraocular pressure, changes in the iris and the eye fundus. On the basis of the suggested classification the diagnosis is easily codified, the data can be subjected to a machine working up.     

The characteristics of the emergency surgical care for patients with eye trauma complicated by an injury to the iris

The paper describes results after a complex surgical treatment of 58 patients with fresh eye traumas complicated by iris injuries. An improved method of iridoplasty is proposed for treatment of extensive iridodialysis using no additional surgical incisions in the process of primary surgical treatment. On the grounds of the analysis of the treatment carried out it is emphasized that in primary surgical treatment the injury of the iris and of other eye structures should be eliminated as maximum as possible. The proposed method of complex reconstructive treatment allows to obtain high optical and cosmetic results in patients with severe injuries of the eye, to achieve their fuller medical and social rehabilitation in a shorter time.     

Immunoactive drugs in the combined modality therapy of patients with hypothyroidism

Comparative studies into the clinico-immunologic status of patient with primary hypothyrosis have shown that the multimodality treatment including differentiated administration of immunoactive agents (glucocorticoids, splenin) promoted more well-defined normalization of cellular, humoral immunity and nonspecific defence as well as reduction or disappearance of the clinical disease manifestations as compared to patients who did not receive those drugs as part of the multimodality therapy. The use of glucocorticoids and splenin may be recommended as part of the multimodality treatment of patients suffering from primary hypothyrosis marked by pronounced disorders in the immune system.