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21.
Anxiety during pregnancy and fetal attachment after in-vitro fertilization conception 总被引:3,自引:4,他引:3
McMahon CA; Ungerer JA; Beaurepaire J; Tennant C; Saunders D 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1997,12(1):176-182
The aim of this study was to compare 70 couples who had conceived by in-
vitro fertilization (IVF) with 63 matched controls for the prevalence of
anxiety and quality of attachment to the baby during pregnancy. Results for
mothers showed no group differences using a global measure of anxiety, the
Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. However, pregnancy-specific
measures revealed significantly higher levels of anxiety in IVF mothers
about the survival and normality of their unborn babies, about damage to
their babies during childbirth and about separating from their babies after
birth. When IVF mothers were differentiated according to the number of
treatment cycles, more differences in anxiety level were revealed, with
most increases occurring in mothers who had experienced two or more
treatment cycles. IVF fathers did not differ from controls on the global
anxiety measure. No data on pregnancy-specific anxiety were available for
fathers. Neither IVF mothers nor IVF fathers differed from controls on
measures of attachment to the baby during pregnancy. Results are discussed
in the context of the need for researchers to employ differentiated and
issue-specific measures to identify concerns that may be unique to IVF
couples. Clinical implications regarding the need for psychological support
during pregnancy are also discussed.
相似文献
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Taye Belaynew W. Valery Patricia C. Liddle Burglind Woodward Aidan J. Sackey Donata Williams Suzanne Chang Gary K. F. Clark Paul J. 《Journal of immigrant and minority health / Center for Minority Public Health》2022,24(5):1196-1205
Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health - This study explored the epidemiology and health literacy of people affected by viral hepatitis (VH) from migrant culturally and linguistically diverse... 相似文献
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OBJECTIVES: To determine the spectrum of N and G genotypes of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causing respiratory tract infection and whether particular genotypes are associated with severity of infection. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPAs) were obtained from 114 infants with acute respiratory tract infection due to RSV over two seasons. Viral mRNA was extracted from NPAs or cultured virus, reverse transcribed, and the cDNA amplified by the polymerase chain reaction using primers directed to parts of the N and G gene respectively. Amplicons were separately digested with four different restriction endonucleases for each gene. The fragments were separated by agarose gel, electrophoresis, and the electrophoretic patterns used to assign the various genotypes. Disease severity was assessed as very mild (upper respiratory tract signs only), mild (coryza and signs of lower respiratory tract infection), moderate (requiring nasogastric or intravenous fluids), and severe (requiring oxygen or ventilation). RESULTS: Five of the six known N genotypes were detected, but NP4 and NP2 were found most frequently. There was no association between N genotype and disease severity. Six G (SHL) genotypes were detected. Significantly (p = 0.04) more of the infants infected with the SHL2 genotype had severe or moderate disease. CONCLUSIONS: During the seasonal peaks of RSV respiratory tract infection at least 10 different RSV genotypes cocirculated. While there is no association between N genotypes and disease severity, infection with the SHL2 G genotype appears to result in moderate to severe disease. 相似文献
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OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of left-to-right shunting on the resting energy expenditure (REE), total energy expenditure (TEE), and energy intake in a group of 3- to 5-month-old infants with moderate to large unrepaired ventricular septal defects (VSDs) compared with age-matched, healthy infants. METHODS: Eight infants with VSDs and 10 healthy controls between 3 to 5 months of age participated in the study. Indirect calorimetry was used to measure REE and the doubly-labeled water method was used to measure TEE and energy intake. An echocardiogram and anthropometric measurements were performed on all study participants. Daily urine samples were collected at home for 7 days. Samples were analyzed by isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Data were compared using analysis of variance. RESULTS: No significant differences were found in REE (VSD, 42.2 +/- 8.7 kcal/kg/d; control, 43.9 +/- 14.1 kcal/kg/d) or energy intake (VSD, 90.8 +/- 19.9 kcal/kg/d; control, 87.1 +/- 11.7 kcal/kg/d) between the groups. The percent total body water was significantly higher in the VSD infants and the percent fat mass was significantly lower. TEE was 40% higher in the VSD group (VSD, 87.6 +/- 10.8 kcal/kg/d; control, 61.9 +/- 10.3 kcal/kg/d). The difference between TEE and REE, reflecting the energy of activity, was 2.5 times greater in the VSD group. CONCLUSIONS: REE and energy intake are virtually identical between the two groups. Despite this, infants with VSDs have substantially higher TEE than age-matched healthy infants. The large difference between TEE and REE in VSD infants suggests a substantially elevated energy cost of physical activity in these infants. These results demonstrate that, although infants with VSDs may match the energy intake of healthy infants, they are unable to meet their increased energy demands, resulting in growth retardation. 相似文献
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