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991.
Diminution of context association memory structure in subjects with subjective cognitive decline 下载免费PDF全文
Ling‐Yun Fan Yung‐Chin Hsu Pin‐Yu Chen Kuo‐Zhou Huang Ting‐Wen Cheng Wen‐Yi Isaac Tseng Mau‐Sun Hua Ya‐Fang Chen Ming‐Jang Chiu 《Human brain mapping》2018,39(6):2549-2562
Alzheimer's disease (AD) progresses insidiously from the preclinical stage to dementia. While people with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) have normal cognitive performance, some may be in the preclinical stage of AD. Neurofibrillary tangles appear first in the transentorhinal cortex, followed by the entorhinal cortex in the clinically silent stage of AD. We expected the earliest changes in subjects with SCD to occur in medial temporal subfields other than the hippocampal proper. These selective structural changes would affect specific memory subcomponents. We used the Family Picture subtest of the Wechsler Memory Scale‐III, which was modified to separately compute character, activity, and location subscores for episodic memory subcomponents. We recruited 43 subjects with SCD, 44 subjects with amnesic mild cognitive impairment, and 34 normal controls. MRI was used to assess cortical thickness, subcortical gray matter volume, and fractional anisotropy. The results demonstrated that SCD subjects showed significant cortical atrophy in their bilateral parahippocampus and perirhinal and the left entorhinal cortices but not in their hippocampal regions. SCD subjects also exhibited significantly decreased mean fractional anisotropy in their bilateral uncinate fasciculi. The diminution of cortical thickness over the mesial temporal subfields corresponded to brain areas with early tangle deposition, and early degradation of the uncinate fasciculus was in accordance with the retrogenesis hypothesis. The parahippocampus and perirhinal cortex contribute mainly to context association memory while the entorhinal cortex, along with the uncinate fasciculus, contributes to content‐related contextual memory. We proposed that context association and related memory structures are vulnerable in the SCD stage. 相似文献
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Hui-Ling Yang Hsin Chu Nae-Fang Miao Pi-Chen Chang Philip Tseng Ruey Chen Huei-Ling Chiu Kondwani Joseph Banda Kuei-Ru Chou 《The American journal of geriatric psychiatry》2019,27(11):1257-1267
ObjectivesTo examine the immediate and long-term effects of executive attention training on selective attention, focused attention, and divided attention in older adults with mild cognitive impairment.MethodsA double-blind, multisite randomized controlled trial at five sites. Seventy participants (mean age: 78.19 ± 7.22 years) were assigned to an experimental group (executive attention training, n = 35) or an active control group (n = 35). The training duration was the same for both groups (45 minutes per session, 3 times per week, 18 sessions in total). Primary outcome measure was selective attention (Digit Span Task). Secondary outcome measures included focused attention (Stroop Color Word Test) and divided attention (Trail-Making Test Part B). Data were collected at pretest, post-test, 3-month follow-up, and 6-month follow-up.ResultsIn GEE analysis, findings indicated a significant improvement in selective attention at post-test, whereas divided attention showed significant reducing omission error at 3-month follow-up. There was no significant effect of group in focused attention associated with the executive attention training compared with active control group.ConclusionThe executive attention training significantly improved selective attention and divided attention performance. Future studies should identify transfer effects of attention training, and that can employ early screening to provide integrated attention training, and decrease its relevant risks on competency in performing daily activities, such as falling and driving. 相似文献
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Glycemic excursions are positively associated with HbA1c reduction from baseline after treatment with acarbose in patients with type 2 diabetes on metformin monotherapy 下载免费PDF全文
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Hung Tsung-Hsing Tseng Chih-Wei Tsai Chen-Chi Hsieh Yu-Hsi Tseng Kuo-Chih Tsai Chih-Chun 《Digestive diseases and sciences》2017,62(4):1080-1085
Digestive Diseases and Sciences - Pleural effusion is an abnormal collection of body fluids that may cause related morbidity or mortality in cirrhotic patients. There are insufficient data to... 相似文献