Taxifolin attenuates ischemia-reperfusion induced oxidative ovarian damage in rats

Objective: To investigate preventive effects of taxifolin on ischemia-reperfusion induced oxidative ovarian damage in rats.Methods: A total of 18 female Wistar ...     

Is visual perception of hearing-impaired children different from healthy children?

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate visual perception of hearing-impaired children, and to determine their insufficiency in rehabilitation programs. METHODS: Forty children with hearing impairment aged 8-10 years were evaluated, and were compared with age matched 40 healthy children. Children having 71 dB and over sensorineural auditory impairment in both ears were included in this study. Figure-ground perception, position in space, and design copying tests were used to evaluate the visual perception of the subjects (Ayres Southern California Sensorial Integration tests). RESULTS: The mean hearing impairment level was 95.5 +/- 13.86 dB for the right ear, and 92.25 +/- 14.3 dB for the left. There were no significant differences by mean of age, height, and body weight between the groups (P > 0.05). All of the test scores of the control group were significantly higher than those of hearing-impaired children (P < 0.05). However there was no significant difference in the completion time of the design copying test between the groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Motivation insufficiency and learning difficulty may be developed in hearing-impaired children depending on the communication problems. The result of this study may bring light into literature about the development of new assessment techniques, and proper rehabilitation programmes for hearing-impaired children or adults in different age groups.     

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the nasal cavity: a case report and review of the literature

Our aim is to describe clinicopathological, histochemical, and immunohistochemical findings of one case of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the nasal cavity. A 10-year-old female presented with a short history of nasal obstruction, epistaxis, nasal discharge and headache. Computerized tomography (CT) scans showed a space-occupying lesion in the right nasal cavity. Histological examination of initial biopsy showed fascicles of spindle cells in a mixed inflammatory background with a predominance of plasma cells, typical of inflammatory pseudotumor. The spindle cells were positive for vimentin and actin. The mass was completely excised without any difficulty under generalized anesthesia. Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the nasal cavity is a localized and completely benign lesion. Simple complete excision is curative.     

Causes of severe visual impairment in infants and methods of management

ObjectivesTo examine the causes of severe visual impairment (SVI) in infants below the age of 2 years and to review management methods.MethodsThe data of 2657 patients followed between January 2014 and July 2019 were reviewed, and 148 (5.6%) infants who had SVI were enrolled. Data including age, gender, affected anatomical site, diagnosis, presence of any non-ophthalmological deficiencies, and methods of management were reviewed. The diagnoses were investigated in the categories of avoidable and unavoidable basis. The methods of management were analysed from the perspective of low vision habilitation.ResultsThe mean age at first eye examination was 6.61 ± 5.25 months, and 84 (56.7%) infants were male. Of the 148 infants, 69 (46.6%) were premature. Cerebral visual impairment (CVI) was the most common diagnosis in both preterm (39.1%) and term (11.4%) infants. Delayed visual maturation, optic nerve pathologies, oculocutaneous albinism, and congenital cataract were the other frequent causes. The rate of multiple disabilities was 30% in the whole group and 94% in infants with CVI. Most of the babies had a normal-appearing globe (43.3%). Retina was affected in 23.7% of the infants. Avoidable causes were identified in 79.7% of the infants. The used methods of management were optic interventions, visual stimulation therapy, medical and/or surgical treatment.ConclusionsCVI was found the most common cause of SVI in both preterm and term-born infants, and the higher rate of multiple disabilities in these infants was remarkable. Optic interventions and visual stimulation therapy were the most common methods of management.Subject terms: Epidemiology, Vision disorders, Epidemiology, Paediatrics     

Impact of the Training on the Compliance and Persistence of Weekly Bisphosphonate Treatment in Postmenopausal Osteoporosis: A Randomized Controlled Study

Long-term patient adherence to osteoporosis treatment is poor despite proven efficacy. In this study, we aimed to assess the impact of active patient training on treatment compliance and persistence in patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis. In the present national, multicenter, randomized controlled study, postmenopausal osteoporosis patients (45-75 years) who were on weekly bisphosphonate treatment were randomized to active training (AT) and passive training (PT) groups and followed-up by 4 visits after the initial visit at 3 months interval during 12 months of the treatment. Both groups received a bisphosphonate usage guide and osteoporosis training booklets. Additionally, AT group received four phone calls (at 2^nd, 5^th, 8^th, and 11^th months) and participated to four interactive social/training meetings held in groups of 10 patients (at 3^rd, 6^th, 9^th, and 12^th months). The primary evaluation criteria were self-reported persistence and compliance to the treatment and the secondary evaluation criteria was quality life of the patients assessed by 41-item Quality of Life European Foundation for Osteoporosis (QUALEFFO-41) questionnaire.. Of 448 patients (mean age 62.4±7.7 years), 226 were randomized to AT group and 222 were randomized to PT group. Among the study visits, the most common reason for not receiving treatment regularly was forgetfulness (54.9% for visit 2, 44.3% for visit 3, 51.6% for visit 4, and 43.8% for visit 5), the majority of the patients always used their drugs regularly on recommended days and dosages (63.8% for visit 2, 60.9% for visit 3, 72.1% for visit 4, and 70.8% for visit 5), and most of the patients were highly satisfied with the treatment (63.4% for visit 2, 68.9% for visit 3, 72.4% for visit 4, and 65.2% for visit 5) and wanted to continue to the treatment (96.5% for visit 2, 96.5% for visit 3, 96.9% for visit 4, and 94.4% for visit 5). QUALEFFO scores of the patients in visit 1 significantly improved in visit 5 (37.7±25.4 vs. 34.0±14.6, p<0.001); however, the difference was not significant between AT and PT groups both in visit 1 and visit 5. In conclusion, in addition to active training, passive training provided at the 1^st visit did not improve the persistence and compliance of the patients for bisphosphonate treatment.