全文获取类型
收费全文 | 907篇 |
免费 | 36篇 |
国内免费 | 3篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 5篇 |
儿科学 | 38篇 |
妇产科学 | 27篇 |
基础医学 | 74篇 |
口腔科学 | 31篇 |
临床医学 | 58篇 |
内科学 | 295篇 |
皮肤病学 | 21篇 |
神经病学 | 64篇 |
特种医学 | 14篇 |
外科学 | 167篇 |
综合类 | 2篇 |
预防医学 | 10篇 |
眼科学 | 1篇 |
药学 | 54篇 |
肿瘤学 | 85篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 10篇 |
2022年 | 4篇 |
2021年 | 13篇 |
2020年 | 5篇 |
2019年 | 15篇 |
2018年 | 23篇 |
2017年 | 13篇 |
2016年 | 25篇 |
2015年 | 23篇 |
2014年 | 35篇 |
2013年 | 47篇 |
2012年 | 66篇 |
2011年 | 63篇 |
2010年 | 35篇 |
2009年 | 28篇 |
2008年 | 53篇 |
2007年 | 53篇 |
2006年 | 38篇 |
2005年 | 51篇 |
2004年 | 56篇 |
2003年 | 46篇 |
2002年 | 34篇 |
2001年 | 23篇 |
2000年 | 22篇 |
1999年 | 12篇 |
1998年 | 9篇 |
1997年 | 9篇 |
1996年 | 5篇 |
1995年 | 13篇 |
1994年 | 8篇 |
1993年 | 4篇 |
1992年 | 12篇 |
1991年 | 11篇 |
1990年 | 6篇 |
1989年 | 8篇 |
1988年 | 7篇 |
1987年 | 13篇 |
1986年 | 6篇 |
1985年 | 7篇 |
1984年 | 5篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 3篇 |
1981年 | 3篇 |
1979年 | 6篇 |
1974年 | 2篇 |
1972年 | 3篇 |
1931年 | 1篇 |
1913年 | 1篇 |
1905年 | 1篇 |
1894年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有946条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
21.
22.
De Riu G Meloni SM Pisano M Massarelli O Tullio A 《The British journal of oral & maxillofacial surgery》2012,50(1):30-35
The fibular free flap, with or without a cutaneous component, is the gold standard for reconstructing mandibular defects. Dental prosthetic rehabilitation is possible this way, even if the prosthesis-based implant is still a challenge because of the many anatomical and prosthetic problems. We think that complications can be overcome or reduced by adopting the new methods of computed tomography (CT)-assisted implant surgery (NobelGuide, Nobel Biocare AB, Goteborg, Sweden). Here we describe the possibility of using CT-guided implant surgery with a flapless approach and immediate loading in mandibles reconstructed with fibular free flaps. 相似文献
23.
Giancarlo Facchini Piergiorgio Di Tullio Milva Battaglia Tommaso Bartalena Cecilia Tetta Costantino Errani Andreas F. Mavrogenis Giuseppe Rossi 《European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie》2016,26(3):247-252
Background
To present palliative selective and superselective arterial embolization with N-butyl-cyanoacrylate for cancer patients with spinal metastases.Materials and methods
We studied the files of 164 cancer patients (94 men and 70 women; mean age 57.6 years; range 35–81 years) treated from March 2003 to March 2013 with 178 selective arterial embolization procedures for metastases of the spine from variable primary cancers. We evaluated the technical success of the embolization procedure with post-procedural angiography, the clinical effect in pain relief, need for analgesics and tumor size reduction, and the embolization-related complications.Results
Post-embolization angiography showed complete occlusion of the pathological feeding vessels in all procedures. Pain score and need for analgesics reduced by 50 % in 159 patients (97 %); no response was achieved in five patients with metastases of the sacrum. The mean duration of pain relief was 9.2 months (range 1–12 months). Metastatic tumor size reduced from a mean of 5.5 cm (range 3.5–7.5 cm) pre-embolization to a mean of 4.5 cm (range 3–5 cm) at the 6-month follow-up; the difference was not statistically significant. Ninety-three patients (56.7 %) experienced embolization-related complications the most common being post-embolization syndrome (80 patients, 48.8 %) followed by leg paresthesias (ten patients, 6 %), and rupture of a lumbar artery (one patient, 0.6 %).Conclusion
Selective arterial embolization with N-butyl-cyanoacrylate should be considered for pain palliation of patients with metastases of the spine. However, pain relief is temporary, and complications, although minor may occur.24.
25.
Guillaume Ploussard Alberto Briganti Alexandre de la Taille Alexander Haese Axel Heidenreich Mani Menon Tullio Sulser Ashutosh K. Tewari James A. Eastham 《European urology》2014
Context
Pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) in prostate cancer is the most effective method for detecting lymph node metastases. However, a decline in the rate of PLND during radical prostatectomy (RP) has been noted. This is likely the result of prostate cancer stage migration in the prostate-specific antigen-screening era, and the introduction of minimally invasive approaches such as robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP).Objective
To assess the efficacy, limitations, and complications of PLND during RARP.Evidence acquisition
A review of the literature was performed using the Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science databases with no restriction of language from January 1990 to December 2012. The literature search used the following terms: prostate cancer, radical prostatectomy, robot-assisted, and lymph node dissection.Evidence synthesis
The median value of nodal yield at PLND during RARP ranged from 3 to 24 nodes. As seen in open and laparoscopic RP series, the lymph node positivity rate increased with the extent of dissection during RARP. Overall, PLND-only related complications are rare. The most frequent complication after PLND is symptomatic pelvic lymphocele, with occurrence ranging from 0% to 8% of cases. The rate of PLND-associated grade 3–4 complications ranged from 0% to 5%. PLND is associated with increased operative time. Available data suggest equivalence of PLND between RARP and other surgical approaches in terms of nodal yield, node positivity, and intraoperative and postoperative complications.Conclusions
PLND during RARP can be performed effectively and safely. The overall number of nodes removed, the likelihood of node positivity, and the types and rates of complications of PLND are similar to pure laparoscopic and open retropubic procedures. 相似文献26.
Neeraj Shah Min Qian Marco R. Di Tullio Susan Graham Douglas L. Mann Ralph L. Sacco Gregory Y. H. Lip Arthur J. Labovitz Piotr Ponikowski Dirk J. Lok Stefan D. Anker John R. Teerlink John L. P. Thompson Shunichi Homma Ronald S. Freudenberger the WARCEF Investigators 《European journal of clinical investigation》2019,49(6):e13092
27.
28.
Barbieri F Pattarozzi A Gatti M Porcile C Bajetto A Ferrari A Culler MD Florio T 《Endocrinology》2008,149(9):4736-4746
Somatostatin inhibits cell proliferation through the activation of five receptors (SSTR1-5) expressed in normal and cancer cells. We analyzed the role of individual SSTRs in the antiproliferative activity of somatostatin in C6 rat glioma cells. Somatostatin dose-dependently inhibited C6 proliferation, an effect mimicked, with different efficacy or potency, by BIM-23745, BIM-23120, BIM-23206 (agonists for SSTR1, -2, and -5) and octreotide. The activation of SSTR3 was ineffective, although all SSTRs are functionally active, as demonstrated by the inhibition of cAMP production. All SSTRs induced cytostatic effects through the activation of the phosphotyrosine phosphatase PTPeta and the inhibition of ERK1/2. For possible synergism between SSTR subtypes, we tested the effects of the combined treatment with two agonists (SSTR1+2 or SSTR2+5) or bifunctional compounds. The simultaneous activation of SSTR1 and SSTR2 slightly increased the efficacy of the individual compounds with an IC50 in between the single receptor activation. SSTR2+5 activation displayed a pattern of response superimposable to that of the SSTR5 agonist alone (low potency and higher efficacy, as compared with BIM-23120). The simultaneous activation of SSTR1, -2, and -5 resulted in a response similar to somatostatin. In conclusion, the cytostatic effects of somatostatin in C6 cells are mediated by the SSTR1, -2, and -5 through the same intracellular pathway: activation of PTPeta and inhibition of ERK1/2 activity. Somatostatin is more effective than the individual agonists. The combined activation of SSTR1 and -2 shows a partial synergism as far as antiproliferative activity, whereas SSTR2 and -5 activation results in a response resembling the SSTR5 effects. 相似文献
29.
Palmerini T Coller BS Cervi V Tomasi L Marzocchi A Marrozzini C Leone O Piccioli M Branzi A 《Journal of the American College of Cardiology》2004,44(8):1570-1577
OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the role of circulating tissue factor (TF) in mediating thrombus formation on stents in an in vitro model of stent perfusion. BACKGROUND: The traditional view of coagulation has recently been challenged by the demonstration that TF is present in circulating blood. The potential contribution of this intravascular pool of TF to thrombus formation on stents is not known. METHODS: Coronary stents were placed in parallel silicone tubes connected to a roller pump that was set to pump blood at a flow rate of 10 ml/min. Stents were then exposed to heparinized blood from healthy volunteers for 120 min. RESULTS: The presence of the stent in the circuit caused a significant increase in monocyte TF expression, but only monocytes with attached platelets stained positive for TF. Thrombi formed on stents and the thrombi stained positive for TF. Pretreatment of blood with a monoclonal antibody against TF (cH36) caused a 56% reduction in (125)I-fibrin(ogen) deposition on stents compared with controls (p = 0.002). Monocyte depletion of blood reduced (125)I-fibrin(ogen) deposition by 45% (p = 0.01) and TF staining in the thrombus by 83% (p = 0.01). Pretreatment of blood with a monoclonal antibody against P-selectin reduced (125)I-fibrin(ogen) deposition by 24% (p = 0.04). Perfusion of stents with leukocyte-reduced platelet-rich plasma (PRP) produced small thrombi and treatment of PRP with cH36 reduced (125)I-fibrin(ogen) deposition by 43% (p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Circulating TF plays a pivotal role in thrombus formation on stents. Monocytes appear to be the main, but not only, source of TF depositing in the thrombus. 相似文献
30.
Patent foramen ovale as a risk factor for cryptogenic stroke. 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14
OBJECTIVE: To determine and compare the prevalence of patent foramen ovale in patients with stroke of undetermined origin (cryptogenic) and in patients with stroke of determined origin to assess the possible role of patent foramen ovale as a risk factor for cryptogenic stroke. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study with nested case-control analysis. PATIENTS: A total of 146 patients (73 men, 73 women) with acute ischemic stroke referred to the echocardiography laboratory for evaluation. SETTING: Neurovascular Unit and Echocardiography Laboratory, Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center, New York, New York. MEASUREMENTS: Patients were considered to have strokes of determined origin or cryptogenic strokes according to National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) Stroke Data Bank criteria. The presence of patent foramen ovale was assessed by contrast echocardiography, performed blinded for type of stroke. The association between patent foramen ovale and type of stroke was tested after correcting for patients' demographic variables and stroke risk factors. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of patent foramen ovale was 26 of 146 patients (18%; 95% Cl, 11.4% to 24.6%). Patients with cryptogenic stroke (31%) had a significantly higher prevalence of patent foramen ovale than did patients with an identifiable cause of stroke (69%) in both the younger (less than 55 years; 48% compared with 4%; P less than 0.001) and the older (greater than or equal to 55 years; 38% compared with 8%; P less than 0.001) age groups. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to identify the presence of a patent foramen ovale as strongly associated with the diagnosis of cryptogenic stroke (odds ratio, 7.2; Cl, 2.4 to 21.7), irrespective of patient age and other stroke risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with cryptogenic stroke have a higher prevalence of patent foramen ovale than patients with stroke of determined cause in all age groups, even after correcting for the presence of recognized stroke risk factors. This identifies patent foramen ovale as a risk factor for cryptogenic stroke. Regardless of patient age, contrast echocardiography should be considered when the cause of stroke is unknown. 相似文献