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101.
Ko NY Yeh SH Tsay SL Ma HJ Chen CH Pan SM Feng MC Chiang MC Lee YW Chang LH Jang JF 《The Journal of hospital infection》2011,77(4):321-326
Nurses are at significant risk from occupationally acquired bloodborne virus infections following a needlestick and sharps injury. This study aimed to apply the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) to predict nurses' intention to comply with occupational post-exposure management. A cross-sectional survey was applied to select registered nurses who worked in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-designated hospitals. An anonymous, self-administered questionnaire based on the TPB was distributed to 1630 nurses and 1134 (69.5%) questionnaires were returned. From these, a total of 802 nurses (71%) reported blood and body fluid exposure incidents during 2003-2005 and this group was used for analysis. Only 44.6% of the 121 exposed nurses who were prescribed post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) by infectious disease doctors returned to the clinic for interim monitoring, and only 56.6% of exposed nurses confirmed their final serology status. Structural equation modelling was used to test the TPB indicating perceived behavioural control (the perception of the difficulty or ease of PEP management, β=0.58), subjective norm (the perception of social pressure to adhere to PEP, β=0.15), and attitudes (β=0.12) were significant direct effects on nurses' intention to comply with post-exposure management. The hypothesised model test indicated that the model fitted with the expected relationships and directions of theoretical constructs [χ(2) (14, N=802)=23.14, P=0.057, GFI=0.987, RMSEA=0.039]. The TPB model constructs accounted for 54% of the variance in nurses' intention to comply with post-exposure management. The TPB is an appropriate model for predicting nurses' intention to comply with post-exposure management. Healthcare facilities should have policies to decrease the inconvenience of follow-up to encourage nurses to comply with post-exposure management. 相似文献
102.
103.
反义寡核苷酸抗肝炎病毒研究进展 总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0
反义核酸是指能够与基因组DNA有意义链(sense sequence),或有意义链的转录体互补结合的核苷酸序列,包括反义RNA、反义NDA、反义寡核苷酸具有核酸特异切割活性的核酶等.反义寡核苷酸(antisense oligodeoxynucleotide,ASODN)是指合成的20个碱基左右的一小段核苷酸,按照Watson-Crick碱基配对原则与特定的靶序列杂交,从而抑制基因表达.其作用方式有2种:①与mRNA杂交,单纯阻断核糖体对mRNA的翻译;②激活一种降解mRNA的选择性内切酶RNaseH.ASODN治疗具有高特异性,是一种改变肿瘤、AIDS等病毒感染性疾病中操纵基因表达的治疗方法.本文就ASODN的化学修饰、药理学研究,以及其抗肝炎病毒作用作一综述. 相似文献
104.
Huang-Chi Wang Hsin-Sheng Tsay Hui-Nung Shih Yi-An Chen Kai-Ming Chang Dinesh Chandra Agrawal 《Pharmaceutical biology》2018,56(1):124-131
Context: Andrographolide (Andro), found in large quantities in Andrographis paniculata Nees (Acanthaceae), is anti-inflammatory, especially in the central nervous system (CNS) glia.Objective: The objective of this study is to test Andro’s ability to reduce allodynia in a spared nerve injury model.Material and methods: Male 30?g BalbC mice were divided into four groups: (1) Sham-operated control (Sham-group); (2) nerve injured and treated with saline (Saline-group); (3) nerve injured and treated with Andro (Andro-group); (4) nerve injured and treated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) (NSAIDS-group). Andro or NSAIDS (diclofenac salt) were injected intraperitoneally at 5?mg/kg body weight daily. Mechanical allodynia was assessed by von Frey tests at 3, 7, and 14?d. For immunohistochemical analysis, samples were collected at 7?d.Results: The threshold for inducing allodynia increased and the response percentage reduced in the Andro-group when compared with the Saline-group, as well as when compared with NSAIDS groups throughout 3–14?d. The ratio of threshold for OP-Andro/OP-saline and for OP-Andro/OP-NSAIDS groups was 20.42 and 11.67 at 14?d, respectively. The ratio of response percentage for OP-Andro/OP-saline and for OP-Andro/OP-NSAIDS was 0.32 and 0.39 at 14?d, respectively. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) immunostaining in the spinal cord was reduced in the Andro-group. Astrocytic activities were not significantly reduced in the Andro-group compared with the Saline-group at 7?d post-operation (PO)Conclusions: Andro reduced mechanical allodynia more than NSAIDS at the same concentration, and the observed behaviour was associated with a reduction in inflammatory cytokine produced in the spinal cord. 相似文献
105.
Sawaya AL Fuss PJ Dallal GE Tsay R McCrory MA Young V Roberts SB 《Physiology & behavior》2001,72(1-2):5-12
We investigated the effects of food palatability on the thermic effect of feeding (TEF), substrate oxidation and circulating glucose and insulin. Healthy young men (23.4+/-1.0, SD, years, n=10) and older men (69.4+/-1.3, years, n=9) were resident in a metabolic unit for two 2-day study periods. On the second day of each period, they consumed in random order either a palatable test meal containing 2.93 MJ or a nonpalatable control meal containing the same foods in identical amounts but blended and freeze-dried into biscuit form. TEF and respiratory quotient (RQ) were measured over 6 h and blood samples were taken for measurement of glucose and insulin. Age group had no effect on TEF, RQ or circulating glucose other than to delay the time of peak TEF (P<0.002 for both meals). There was no significant effect of meal type on TEF, but RQ and circulating glucose were higher following consumption of the palatable meal (P<0.001 for both parameters). These results suggest that over 6 h postprandial, consumption of palatable foods does not increase TEF, but is instead associated with increased glycemic response and increased carbohydrate oxidation. These changes, combined with previous work on the glycemic index, predict an accelerated return of hunger and increased energy intake at subsequent meals following consumption of palatable vs. control foods. Further studies are needed to examine the possible mechanism for this previously suggested "second meal" effect of diet palatability on energy intake. 相似文献
106.
Wei-Chao Huang Feng-Chang Yen Feng-Shiun Shie Chih-Ming Pan Young-Ji Shiao Cheng-Ning Yang Fong-Lee Huang Yen-Jen Sung Huey-Jen Tsay 《Journal of neuroinflammation》2010,7(1):28
Background
Overactivated microglia that cluster at neuritic plaques constantly release neurotoxins, which actively contribute to progressive neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Therefore, attenuating microglial clustering can reduce focal neuroinflammation at neuritic plaques. Previously, we identified CCL5 and CCL2 as prominent chemokines that mediate the chemotaxis of microglia toward beta-amyloid (Aβ)aggregates. Although transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) has been shown to down-regulate the expression of chemokines in activated microglia, whether TGF-β1 can reduce the chemotaxis of microglia toward neuritic plaques in AD remains unclear. 相似文献107.
108.
109.
Li-Yun Tsai Shu-Chen Lee Kung-Liahng Wang Shiow-Luan Tsay Jung-Mei Tsai 《Taiwanese journal of obstetrics & gynecology》2018,57(6):846-852
Objective
The purpose of this study was to examine the correlations among fear of cancer recurrence (FCR), illness representation (IR), self-regulation (SR), and quality of life (QOL) in gynecologic cancer survivors.Materials and methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted with 287 participants recruited from a medical center in northern Taiwan. Four questionnaires, the Assessment of Survivor Concerns (ASC), the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ), the Self-Regulation Questionnaire (SRQ), and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer's Quality-of-Life Questionnaire-Core 30-item (EORTC QLQ-C30), were used to assess FCR, IR, SR, and QOL respectively. Data pertaining to socio-demographic characteristics and self-reported medical status was also collected from the participants. Stepwise regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of QOL.Results
The results showed that FCR (r = ?.21, P < .01) and IR (r = ?.44, P < .01) was negatively correlated with global QOL subscale of the EORTC QLQ-C30. SR, IR, and health status in the self-reported medical status explained 39% of the variance in global QOL, with SR of the largest.Conclusions
Our findings provided valuable information to healthcare professionals about the ability of SR to affect QOL and negative impacts of FCR and IR on gynecologic cancer survivors. 相似文献110.
Essential role of LAT in T cell development 总被引:22,自引:0,他引:22
Zhang W Sommers CL Burshtyn DN Stebbins CC DeJarnette JB Trible RP Grinberg A Tsay HC Jacobs HM Kessler CM Long EO Love PE Samelson LE 《Immunity》1999,10(3):323-332
The linker molecule LAT is a substrate of the tyrosine kinases activated following TCR engagement. Phosphorylated LAT binds many critical signaling molecules. The central role of this molecule in TCR-mediated signaling has been demonstrated by experiments in a LAT-deficient cell line. To probe the role of LAT in T cell development, the LAT gene was disrupted by targeting. LAT-deficient mice appeared healthy. Flow cytometric analysis revealed normal B cell populations but the absence of any mature peripheral T cells. Intrathymic development was blocked within the CD4- CD8- stage. No gross abnormality of NK or platelet function was observed. LAT is thus critical to both T cell activation and development. 相似文献