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Diagnostic value of biparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as an adjunct to prostate‐specific antigen (PSA)‐based detection of prostate cancer in men without prior biopsies 下载免费PDF全文
Soroush Rais‐Bahrami M. Minhaj Siddiqui Srinivas Vourganti Baris Turkbey Ardeshir R. Rastinehad Lambros Stamatakis Hong Truong Annerleim Walton‐Diaz Anthony N. Hoang Jeffrey W. Nix Maria J. Merino Bradford J. Wood Richard M. Simon Peter L. Choyke Peter A. Pinto 《BJU international》2015,115(3):381-388
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For materials with high oxygen affinity, oxide layers will significantly change the material properties. This is of particular importance for aluminum nanowires which have many applications because of their ultrahigh strengths. Recent studies show that thin amorphous oxide shell layers on aluminum surfaces significantly change the responses of the material. However, the relations between the thickness of the oxidized layer, the strain rate and the mechanical response of nanowires to compression and tension have not been investigated intensively. In this study, we use a ReaxFF potential to analyze the influences of oxide shell layers on the material responses of the nanowires under uniaxial tension and compression at different strain rates. The Al–O interface leads to an increased defect nucleation rate at the oxide interface preventing localized deformation. During tension, we observe a reorganization of the structure of the oxide layer leading to bond healing and preventing fracture. While ductility is increasing with coating thickness during tension, the thickness of the coating is less decisive during compression.Alumina coatings increase the ductility of aluminum nanowires by reorganization of the Al–O layer and stabilization of bonds. 相似文献
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Andrew Luu Fahd Syed Gowri Raman Anshul Bhalla Eavan Muldoon Susan Hadley Eric Smith Madhumathi Rao 《The Journal of arthroplasty》2013
Periprosthetic infections of hip and knee joints are now treated by two-stage revision arthroplasty with an infection control rate of 91%. The present systematic review studied the reported incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) and infection recurrence from January 1989 to June 2012 to assess the risk–benefit ratio of antibiotic spacer use. Ten observational studies (n = 544 patients) with clinical outcomes showed an average incidence of AKI of 4.8%. The average reported persistence or recurrence rate of infection was 11% during a follow-up period that ranged from 13 to 108 months. The risk–benefit ratio presently favors treatment although there appears to be higher complication rates and incidence of AKI than previously reported. Marked heterogeneity in practice and lack of detail in reporting precluded more robust quantitative synthesis. Clinicians need to be aware of the potential risk of AKI, particularly in high-risk patients; practice patterns for the use of antibiotic spacers need to be standardized. 相似文献