全文获取类型
收费全文 | 8688篇 |
免费 | 364篇 |
国内免费 | 74篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 77篇 |
儿科学 | 263篇 |
妇产科学 | 73篇 |
基础医学 | 1303篇 |
口腔科学 | 158篇 |
临床医学 | 513篇 |
内科学 | 2570篇 |
皮肤病学 | 182篇 |
神经病学 | 725篇 |
特种医学 | 233篇 |
外科学 | 1131篇 |
综合类 | 19篇 |
预防医学 | 211篇 |
眼科学 | 99篇 |
药学 | 701篇 |
中国医学 | 43篇 |
肿瘤学 | 825篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 35篇 |
2022年 | 61篇 |
2021年 | 145篇 |
2020年 | 55篇 |
2019年 | 100篇 |
2018年 | 125篇 |
2017年 | 93篇 |
2016年 | 138篇 |
2015年 | 143篇 |
2014年 | 192篇 |
2013年 | 255篇 |
2012年 | 453篇 |
2011年 | 474篇 |
2010年 | 283篇 |
2009年 | 257篇 |
2008年 | 525篇 |
2007年 | 598篇 |
2006年 | 549篇 |
2005年 | 597篇 |
2004年 | 618篇 |
2003年 | 617篇 |
2002年 | 656篇 |
2001年 | 100篇 |
2000年 | 51篇 |
1999年 | 135篇 |
1998年 | 166篇 |
1997年 | 125篇 |
1996年 | 144篇 |
1995年 | 126篇 |
1994年 | 142篇 |
1993年 | 146篇 |
1992年 | 95篇 |
1991年 | 84篇 |
1990年 | 74篇 |
1989年 | 81篇 |
1988年 | 49篇 |
1987年 | 47篇 |
1986年 | 40篇 |
1985年 | 39篇 |
1984年 | 49篇 |
1983年 | 44篇 |
1982年 | 63篇 |
1981年 | 56篇 |
1980年 | 36篇 |
1979年 | 31篇 |
1978年 | 26篇 |
1977年 | 19篇 |
1976年 | 25篇 |
1975年 | 21篇 |
1973年 | 16篇 |
排序方式: 共有9126条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
141.
Requirement of IL-5 for induction of autoimmune hemolytic anemia in anti-red blood cell autoantibody transgenic mice 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Sakiyama Toshio; Ikuta Koichi; Nisitani Sazuku; Takatsu Kiyoshi; Honjo Tasuku 《International immunology》1999,11(6):995-1000
IL-5, IL-10 and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) are known to activateB-1 cells in vivo in normal mice and anti-red blood cell autoantibodytransgenic mice (HL mice). To assess the exact role of IL-5in proliferation and activation of peritoneal B-1 cells, weanalyzed IL-5 receptor chain-deficient HL (IL-5R/x HL) mice generated by the cross between IL-5R/and HL mice. In IL-5R/ x HL mice, Ig-producingB-1 cells in the peritoneal cavity were negligible, althoughthe total number of B-1 cells in the peritoneal cavity wereas many as 30% of that in HL mice. Moreover, LPS- or IL-10-induceddifferentiation of B-1 cells into antibody-producing cells wasseverely impaired in IL-5R/ x HL mice. We alsoused in vivo 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine labeling to estimate theproliferation of B-1 cells in IL-5R/ mice. Theabsence of IL-5R did not affect spontaneous proliferation ofperitoneal B-1 cells. However, induced proliferation of peritorealB-1 cells by oral administration of LPS was markedly impairedin IL-5R/ mice. These results suggest that IL-5is required for activation-associated proliferation of B-1 cellsbut not for their spontaneous proliferation and support theidea that IL-5 plays an important role on the induction of autoantibodyproduction from B-1 cells. 相似文献
142.
Hitoshi Nishimura Masashi Emoto Kenji Hiromatsu Shunsuke Yamamoto Keiko Matsuura Hiroshi Gomi Toshio Ikeda Shigeyoshi Itohara Yasunobu Yoshikai 《European journal of immunology》1995,25(5):1465-1468
The secretion of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α from macrophages is regulated by both priming and triggering signals. We found that macrophages from mice lacking γδ T cells [T cell receptor (TCR) δ?/- mice], which lack the gene encoding the δ chain, produced only small amounts of TNF-α in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and showed a reduced level of expression of CD14. Pre-incubation of macrophages from TCR δ-/- mice with γδ T cells from their TCR δ+/- littermates restored their capacity to produce TNF-α in response to LPS. The priming activity of γδ T cells was in part inhibited by neutralizing anti-interferon (IFN)-γ monoclonal antibodies. Collectively, these results suggest that γδ T cells play a role in priming macrophages to a steady state of activation via IFN-γ secretion, which allows them to produce TNF-α when exposed to LPS. 相似文献
143.
Fumio Shishido M.D. Yukio Tateno Tsuneo Takashima Seiichi Tamachi Akira Yamaura Toshio Yamasaki 《European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging》1984,9(6):265-271
Positron computed tomography (PCT) was performed in 3 normal volunteers and 21 patients with cerebrovascular diseases using a high resolution PCT device Positologica-I and three tracers11CO,13NH3, and18FDG. Relatively early lesions showed various accumulation patterns, and metabolism and perfusion mismatches were clearly shown by this measurement. One type of mismatch is luxury perfusion which had a slight increase of blood volume. Another type of uncoupling is misery perfusion. Remote effects of ischemic lesions also appeared on PCT with18FDG and13NH3. From our clinical results, the PCT method with a high resolution device and radiopharmaceuticals such as11CO,13NH3, and18FDG is very useful in the assessment of cerebrovascular diseases and in defining circulatory dysfunction in man. 相似文献
144.
145.
Koshiro Sugita Satoshi Ibara Toshio Harumatsu Chie Ishihara Yoshiki Naito Masakazu Murakami Seiro Machigashira Hiroyuki Noguchi Mitsuru Muto Makoto Matsukubo Satoshi Ieiri 《Journal of pediatric surgery》2021,56(7):1121-1126
Purpose: We aimed to investigate potential predictors of focal intestinal perforation (FIP) in extremely low birth weight infants (ELBWIs) among coagulation and fibrinolysis markers at birth.Methods: We reviewed the medical records of FIP patients and their coagulation and fibrinolysis markers at birth between 2010 and 2019, and matched patients according to gestational age. FIP was diagnosed based on macroscopic intestinal perforation with a punched-out lesion without necrosis. Patient characteristics and blood test results, including coagulation and fibrinolysis marker levels, were compared between the groups.Results: Two hundred forty ELBWIs were enrolled in this study (FIP, n = 18; controls, n = 222). In the FIP group, the gestational age at birth was significantly younger (p = 0.023) and the birth weight was significantly lower (p = 0.007) in comparison to the control group. Furthermore, the FIP group showed significantly lower levels of fibrinogen (p = 0.027) and factor XIII (F-XIII) (p = 0.007). The receiver operating characteristics curves for fibrinogen and F-XIII revealed that the 95% confidence intervals of fibrinogen and F-XIII were 0.530–0.783 (p = 0.027), and 0.574–0.822 (p = 0.007), respectively.Conclusions: This is the first report focusing on coagulation and fibrinolysis markers in FIP patients at birth. The fibrinogen and F-XIII values at birth are potential predictors of FIP in ELBWIs.Type of Study: Study of Diagnostic Test (Case Control Study)Level of Evidence: Level IV 相似文献
146.
147.
Chih-Hsing Wu Yin-Fan Chang Chung-Hwan Chen E. Michael Lewiecki Christian Wüster Ian Reid Keh-Sung Tsai Toshio Matsumoto Leilani B. Mercado-Asis Ding-Cheng Chan Jawl-Shan Hwang Ching-Lung Cheung Kenneth Saag Joon-Kiong Lee Shih-Te Tu Weibo Xia Wei Yu Yoon-Sok Chung Rong-Sen Yang 《Journal of clinical densitometry》2021,24(1):3-13
Osteoporosis is a major health issue. By 2050, a greater than 2-fold increase in patients number with hip fractures will occur in Asia representing 50% of all hip fractures worldwide. For the Asia-Pacific (AP) region, more efforts on controlling osteoporosis and the subsequent fractures are crucial. Bone mineral density (BMD) by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is commonly used to diagnose osteoporosis and monitor osteoporosis treatment. However, the inconvenience, cost, limited availability of DXA and the delay in detection of BMD changes after treatment initiation support an important role for bone turnover markers (BTMs), as short-term tools to monitor therapy. With regards to low adherence rates of medical treatment of osteoporosis, the experts reached consensus on the use of BTMs for both raising awareness and short-term monitoring of osteoporosis treatment in the AP region. The experts endorse the use of BTMs, especially serum C-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen (CTX) and serum procollagen type 1 N propeptide (P1NP), as short-term monitoring tools to help clinicians assess the responses to osteoporosis therapies and appropriately adjust treatment regimens earlier than BMD. Either the absolute values or the degree of change from baseline in BTMs can be used to monitor the potential efficacy of osteoporosis therapies. The use of BTMs can be incorporated in osteoporosis care programs, such as fracture liaison service (FLS), to improve patient adherence and treatment outcomes. Encouraging sufficient reimbursement from health care systems may facilitate widespread use of BTMs in clinical practice in the AP region. 相似文献
148.
Mochizuki Toshio Muto Satoru Miyake Masateru Tanaka Toshiki Wang Wenchyi 《Clinical and experimental nephrology》2021,25(11):1231-1239
Clinical and Experimental Nephrology - Tolvaptan is a vasopressin type 2 receptor antagonist and has been used to treat autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) since 2014. There has... 相似文献
149.
Ishihara Hiroki Fukuda Hironori Tachibana Hidekazu Yoshida Kazuhiko Kobayashi Hirohito Takagi Toshio Iizuka Junpei Ishida Hideki Nagashima Yoji Kondo Tsunenori Tanabe Kazunari 《Clinical and experimental nephrology》2021,25(6):674-682
Clinical and Experimental Nephrology - The data regarding oncological outcome in advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) arising in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) are limited. Patients diagnosed with... 相似文献
150.
A case of pseudolymphoma of the liver 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Kazuyoshi Katayanagi Tadashi Terada Yasuni Nakanuma Toshio Ueno 《Pathology international》1994,44(9):704-711
A case of pseudolymphoma (reactive lymphoid hyperplasia) of the liver in a 66 year old female is presented. A tumor-like lesion was incidentally discovered in the liver during clinical follow up of diabetes mellitus. The hepatic lesion was resected because malignant lymphoma was suspected after a needle biopsy. Grossly, the lesion was well-deflned and measured 1.0 × 1.5 × 1.0 cm. Microscoplcally, the lesion consisted of hyperplastic lymphoid follicles with distinctive germinal centers and interfollicular areas consisting of mature lymphocytes and plasma cells. An immunohistologlcal study revealed that the lymphoid cells of the lesion were polyclonal in immunophenotypes. These histological and immunohistochemical findings strongly suggested a pseudolymphoma and not hepatic inflammatory pseudotumor. Thls case was diagnosed as pseudolymphoma of liver. Only a few cases of hepatic pseudolymphoma have so far been reported In the English literature. 相似文献