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161.
Johnson TM Cohen HW Howard AA Santoro N Floris-Moore M Arnsten JH Hartel DM Schoenbaum EE 《Menopause (New York, N.Y.)》2008,15(3):551-557
OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and attribution of menopausal symptoms. DESIGN: Peri- and postmenopausal women participating in a prospective study of HIV-infected and at-risk midlife women (the Ms. Study) were interviewed to determine whether they experienced hot flashes and/or vaginal dryness and to what they attributed these symptoms. RESULTS: Of 278 women, 70% were perimenopausal; 54% were HIV-infected; and 52% had used crack, cocaine, heroin, and/or methadone within the past 5 years. Hot flashes were reported by 189 women and vaginal dryness was reported by 101 women. Overall, 69.8% attributed hot flashes to menopause and 28.7% attributed vaginal dryness to menopause. In bivariate analyses, age 45 years and older was associated with attributing hot flashes and vaginal dryness to menopause, and postmenopausal status and at least 12 years of education were associated with attributing vaginal dryness to menopause, but HIV status was not associated with attribution to menopause. In multivariate analysis, significant interactions between age and menopause status were found for both attribution of hot flashes (P=0.019) and vaginal dryness (P=0.029). Among perimenopausal women, older age was independently associated with attribution to menopause for hot flashes (adjusted odds ratio=1.2, 95% CI: 1.1-1.4, P=0.001) and vaginal dryness (adjusted odds ratio=1.3, 95% CI: 1.1-1.6, P=0.011). None of the tested factors were independently associated with attribution to menopause among postmenopausal women. CONCLUSION: Tailored health education programs may be beneficial in increasing the knowledge about menopause among HIV-infected and drug-using women, particularly those who are perimenopausal. 相似文献
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Kaltenbach T Leung C Wu K Yan K Friedland S Soetikno R 《Digestive diseases and sciences》2011,56(5):1496-1502
Background
Colonoscopy insertion is difficult to teach due to the inability of current training models to provide realistic tactile sensation with simultaneous three-dimensional (3D) colonoscope display.Aims
To assess the influence of a simulator consisting of a colon model coupled with 3D instrument visualization on trainee colonoscopy performance.Methods
Pilot study using the simulator model with three trainees who were not proficient in colonoscopy. At random times over a 6-week period, trainees participated in an individualized half-day session using the Colonoscope Training Model and a colonoscope equipped with a 3D magnetic probe imaging system (ScopeGuide) in six standardized cases. A blinded supervising instructor graded patient-based colonoscopy performance over the 6-week period, and we independently analyzed the 2-week period before and after the intervention. We also measured cecal intubation and withdrawal times and medication requirements.Results
Trainees performed 86 patient-based colonoscopies. Following the intervention, the colonoscopy performance score improved from 4.4 ± 2.3 to 5.9 ± 2.4 (p = 0.005). Trainees had a 76% cecal intubation rate following the session as compared to 43% before training (p = 0.004), while utilizing less time, 14 ± 7 versus 18 ± 11 min (p = 0.056) and less medication (p > 0.05).Conclusions
Colonoscopy simulation using the Colonoscope Training Model and the ScopeGuide produced an immediate and large effect on trainee colonoscopy performance. 相似文献164.
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It has long been known that specific visual frequencies result in greater blood flow to the striate cortex. These peaks are thought to reflect synchrony of local neuronal firing that is reflective of local cortical networks. Since disrupted neural connectivity is a possible etiology for schizophrenia, our goal was to investigate whether localized connectivity, as measured by aberrant synchrony, is abnormal in children and adolescents with schizophrenia. Subjects included 25 children and adolescents with schizophrenia and 39 controls matched for age and gender. Subjects were scanned on a Siemens 3 Tesla Trio scanner while observing flashing checkerboard presented at either 1, 4, 8, or 12 Hz. Image processing included both a standard GLM model and a Fourier transform analysis. Patients had significantly smaller volume of activation in the occipital lobe compared to controls. There were no differences in the integral or percent signal change of the hemodynamic response function for each of the four frequencies. Occipital activation was stable during development between childhood and late adolescence. Finally, both patients and controls demonstrated an increased response between 4 and 8 Hz consistent with synchrony or entrainment in the neuronal response. Children and adolescents with schizophrenia had a significantly lower volume of activation in the occipital lobe in response to the flashing checkerboard task. However, features of intact local connectivity in patients, such as the hemodynamic response function and maximal response at 8 Hz, were normal. These results are consistent with abnormalities in regional connectivity with preserved local connectivity in early-onset schizophrenia. 相似文献
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Edward El Rassi Nithin D. Adappa Paolo Battaglia Paolo Castelnuovo Iacopo Dallan Suzanne K. Freitag Paul A. Gardner Ricardo Lenzi Darlene Lubbe Ralph Metson Kris S. Moe Luca Muscatello Hamzah Mustak Joo Flvio Nogueira James N. Palmer Narayanan Prepageran Vijay R. Ramakirshnan Raymond Sacks Carl H. Snyderman S. Tonya Stefko Mario Turri‐Zanoni Eric W. Wang Bing Zhou Benjamin S. Bleier 《International forum of allergy & rhinology》2019,9(7):804-812
170.
Abdelzaher AM Wright ME Ortega C Hasan AR Shibata T Solo-Gabriele HM Kish J Withum K He G Elmir SM Bonilla JA Bonilla TD Palmer CJ Scott TM Lukasik J Harwood VJ McQuaig S Sinigalliano CD Gidley ML Wanless D Plano LR Garza AC Zhu X Stewart JR Dickerson JW Yampara-Iquise H Carson C Fleisher JM Fleming LE 《Journal of water and health》2011,9(3):443-457
Studies evaluating the relationship between microbes and human health at non-point source beaches are necessary for establishing criteria which would protect public health while minimizing economic burdens. The objective of this study was to evaluate water quality and daily cumulative health effects (gastrointestinal, skin, and respiratory illnesses) for bathers at a non-point source subtropical marine recreational beach in order to better understand the inter-relationships between these factors and hence improve monitoring and pollution prevention techniques. Daily composite samples were collected, during the Oceans and Human Health Beach Exposure Assessment and Characterization Health Epidemiologic Study conducted in Miami (Florida, USA) at a non-point source beach, and analyzed for several pathogens, microbial source tracking markers, indicator microbes, and environmental parameters. Analysis demonstrated that rainfall and tide were more influential, when compared to other environmental factors and source tracking markers, in determining the presence of both indicator microbes and pathogens. Antecedent rainfall and F+ coliphage detection in water should be further assessed to confirm their possible association with skin and gastrointestinal (GI) illness outcomes, respectively. The results of this research illustrate the potential complexity of beach systems characterized by non-point sources, and how more novel and comprehensive approaches are needed to assess beach water quality for the purpose of protecting bather health. 相似文献