全文获取类型
收费全文 | 5782篇 |
免费 | 252篇 |
国内免费 | 39篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 27篇 |
儿科学 | 189篇 |
妇产科学 | 18篇 |
基础医学 | 750篇 |
口腔科学 | 133篇 |
临床医学 | 354篇 |
内科学 | 1751篇 |
皮肤病学 | 65篇 |
神经病学 | 439篇 |
特种医学 | 290篇 |
外科学 | 787篇 |
综合类 | 10篇 |
预防医学 | 161篇 |
眼科学 | 161篇 |
药学 | 351篇 |
中国医学 | 14篇 |
肿瘤学 | 573篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 16篇 |
2022年 | 43篇 |
2021年 | 101篇 |
2020年 | 55篇 |
2019年 | 63篇 |
2018年 | 84篇 |
2017年 | 61篇 |
2016年 | 86篇 |
2015年 | 100篇 |
2014年 | 141篇 |
2013年 | 181篇 |
2012年 | 334篇 |
2011年 | 344篇 |
2010年 | 165篇 |
2009年 | 161篇 |
2008年 | 340篇 |
2007年 | 360篇 |
2006年 | 386篇 |
2005年 | 373篇 |
2004年 | 401篇 |
2003年 | 424篇 |
2002年 | 410篇 |
2001年 | 76篇 |
2000年 | 83篇 |
1999年 | 116篇 |
1998年 | 103篇 |
1997年 | 94篇 |
1996年 | 106篇 |
1995年 | 56篇 |
1994年 | 90篇 |
1993年 | 69篇 |
1992年 | 67篇 |
1991年 | 68篇 |
1990年 | 52篇 |
1989年 | 54篇 |
1988年 | 37篇 |
1987年 | 35篇 |
1986年 | 36篇 |
1985年 | 31篇 |
1984年 | 39篇 |
1983年 | 22篇 |
1982年 | 20篇 |
1981年 | 25篇 |
1980年 | 20篇 |
1979年 | 16篇 |
1978年 | 35篇 |
1977年 | 12篇 |
1976年 | 12篇 |
1973年 | 11篇 |
1968年 | 8篇 |
排序方式: 共有6073条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
11.
Usefulness of magnetic motor evoked potentials in the surgical treatment of hemiplegic patients with intractable epilepsy. 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Tohru Kamida Hiroshi Baba Kenji Ono Masato Yonekura Minoru Fujiki Hidenori Kobayashi 《Seizure》2003,12(6):373-378
Five hemiplegic patients with intractable epilepsy were studied with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) before and after various surgical treatments. These patients had unilateral widespread cerebral lesions acquired at various times, including congenital, infantile and childhood injury. Motor evoked potentials (MEPs) of the abductor pollicis brevis (APB) muscles were simultaneously recorded on both sides following TMS of the motor cortex in the respective hemisphere using a figure-8 or circular coil. In all patients with congenital disease, the abolition of motor function in the affected hemisphere was estimated by magnetic MEPs, and the hemiplegia did not deteriorate after functional hemispherectomy (HS) was performed in two of them. In two patients with acquired disease, HS was not performed because it was shown by magnetic maps that the motor function in the affected hemisphere remained. Furthermore, it was shown by electric MEPs using subdural electrodes that a patient who had had encephalitis in early childhood had a reorganised motor area in the parietal cortex of the affected hemisphere. The present findings indicate that magnetic MEPs are a very useful non-invasive method of assessing whether the motor area in the affected hemisphere can be resected in hemiplegic patients with intractable epilepsy. 相似文献
12.
Tetsumori Yamashima Takaomi C. Saido Masatoshi Takita Atsuo Miyazawa Jun Yamano Atsuo Miyakawa Hisashi Nishijyo Junkoh Yamashita Seiichi Kawashima Taketoshi Ono Tohru Yoshioka 《The European journal of neuroscience》1996,8(9):1932-1944
To clarify the mechanism of postischaemic delayed cornu Ammonis (CA)-1 neuronal death, we studied correlations among calpain activation and its subcellular localization, the immunoreactivity of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) and Ca2+ mobilization in the monkey hippocampus by two independent experimental approaches: in vivo transient brain ischaemia and in vitro hypoxia-hypoglycaemia of hippocampal acute slices. The CA-1 sector undergoing 20 min of ischaemia in vivo showed microscopically a small number of neuronal deaths on day 1 and almost global neuronal loss on day 5 after ischaemia. Immediately after ischaemia, CA-1 neurons ultrastructurally showed vacuolation and/or disruption of the lysosomes. Western blotting using antibodies against inactivated or activated μ-calpain demonstrated μ-calpain activation specifically in the CA-1 sector immediately after ischaemia. This finding was confirmed in the perikarya of CA-1 neurons by immunohistochemistry. CA-1 neurons on day 1 showed sustained activation of μ-calpain, and increased immunostaining for inactivated and activated forms of μ- and m-calpains and for PIP2. Activated μ-calpain and PIP2 were found to be localized at the vacuolated lysosomal membrane or endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrial membrane respectively, by immunoelectron microscopy. Calcium imaging data using hippocampal acute slices showed that hypoxia-hypoglycaemia in vitro provoked intense Ca2+ mobilization with increased PIP2 immunostaining specifically in CA-1 neurons. These data suggest that transient brain ischaemia increases intracellular Ca2+ and PIP2 breakdown, which will activate calpain proteolytic activity. Therefore, we suggest that activated calpain at the lysosomal membrane, with the possible release of biodegrading enzyme, will cause postischaemic CA-1 neuronal death. 相似文献
13.
Percutaneous radiofrequency neurotomy of lumbar medial branch (facet rhizotomy)--a report of 6 cases
H Yamagami K Hashizume K Nakahashi T Okuda 《Masui. The Japanese journal of anesthesiology》1990,39(4):491-495
We performed radiofrequency neurotomy of lumbar medial branch as a treatment of facet syndrome. Our six cases had no indication for surgical therapy, such as neuralgia, spinal canal stenosis without neurological deficit except for pain and deformed spines. Facet joint injection with regional anesthetics and steroids could not prevent their recurrent back pain. By facet rhizotomy, they could obtain relief of back pain for several months to a year. We conclude that facet rhizotomy is a more effective method for facet syndrome when a proper indication is present. 相似文献
14.
15.
A Hiraoka J Ishikawa H Kitayama T Yamagami H Teshima H Nakamura H Shibata T Masaoka S Ishigami F Taguchi 《Bone marrow transplantation》1991,7(2):107-111
We used a thin-sectioning technique for the electron microscopic detection of viral particles within the cells of urinary sediments in three recipients who developed hemorrhagic cystitis after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Results of viral cultures of urine and electron microscopic (EM) observations on urinary sediments were consistent in only one recipient. In this recipient, EM observations revealed many viral particles within the cells of urinary sediments with diameter of about 80 nm corresponding to adenovirus, of which type 11 was produced in viral cultures. In one of the other two recipients many viral particles with a mean diameter of 41.6 nm corresponding to papovavirus were observed, but viral cultures using conventional cells were negative. Re-cultures using HEK cells produced polyomavirus BK. EM observation was a clue to the correct diagnosis. In the remaining recipient, no viral particles were observed within the cells of urinary sediments, suggesting the hemorrhagic cystitis to be of non-viral origin, despite a positive result of viral culture. These results suggest that a thin-sectioning technique on the cells of urinary sediments is important for the differential diagnosis between a viral-induced and non-viral hemorrhagic cystitis. 相似文献
16.
I Matsubara Y Naruse S Sokejima T Yamagami S Kagamimori 《[Nihon kōshū eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health》1992,39(11):873-878
A data system which enables utilization of individual patient data by public health nurses, physicians and home helpers, is required both for the continuous and comprehensive monitoring of the various needs of the aged receiving care services at home in the local district and for facilitating welfare services. Therefore, an experimental and comprehensive system for public health, medical services and welfare was put into practice for district public health services for the aging society. The results of this trial system shows that this system is useful indeed for the welfare services, though it also has several problems. 相似文献
17.
18.
Basant Pant M. D. Masayuki Sumida Kaoru Kurisu Kazunori Arita Fusao Ikawa Keisuke Migita Munenori Kutsuna Tohru Uozumi 《Neurosurgical review》1997,20(2):108-113
Thirty-eight patients with convexity lesions were studied prospectively with the two-dimensional time-of-flight (2D-TOF) magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) method. Of these 21 cases had additional surface anatomy scanning (SAS) and 7 cases had three-dimensional phase contrast (3D-PC) MRA. The findings were compared during surgery, and the predictability of 2D-TOF evaluated. 2D-TOF was obtained with 2 mm slice thickness after the administration of contrast media for routine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Cortical veins were visualized with a good resolution with a scan time of only 5 minutes. The tumor was also visible in the background, due to enhancement, and thus the tumor-vessels relation was shown. Slow-flow vessels were also adequately seen. SAS was done at the same sitting with fast spin echo (FSE) with a scan time of 3 minutes. Once both images were incorporated, information on gyri and their relation to the lesions and vasculature could be obtained from a single image. We found 2D-TOF alone, or at times in combination with SAS, useful for planning of operation for convexity lesions. 相似文献
19.
Ying Qian Pedram Hamrah Florence Boisgerault Satoru Yamagami Sudhir Vora Gilles Benichou M Reza Dana 《Journal of interferon & cytokine research》2002,22(12):1217-1225
This study aimed to determine the effects of anti-CD154 on T cell cytokine profiles and ocular chemokine gene expression after high-risk corneal transplantation and to specifically determine if CD154 blockade is associated with a switch from a Th1 to a Th2 alloimmune response. Mice were used as recipients of syngeneic or multiple minor H or MHC antigen-mismatched corneal grafts. Recipient beds were neovascularized (high-risk). Hosts were randomized to receive either anti-CD154 antibody or control immunoglobulin (Ig) perioperatively. Two weeks after corneal transplantation, allospecific delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) was evaluated. Frequencies of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)-, interleukin-2 (IL-2)-, IL-4-, and IL-5-secreting T cells in the hosts were measured by enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay. Ocular chemokine gene expression in anti-CD154-treated and control hamster Ig-treated groups was determined using a multiprobe ribonuclease protection assay (RPA). Leukocyte infiltration of corneal grafts was evaluated microscopically. Anti-CD154-treated mice did not exhibit allospecific DTH. The frequencies of Th1 cytokine-producing but not Th2 cytokine-producing T cells were significantly reduced in anti-CD154-treated hosts. Postoperative mRNA levels of RANTES and macrophage inflammatory protein-1beta (MIP-1beta) in anti-CD154-treated eyes were substantially suppressed compared with hamster Ig-treated controls. Leukocyte infiltration was profoundly suppressed in grafts of anti-CD154-treated hosts. These data demonstrate that blockade of the CD40-CD154 costimulatory pathway after corneal transplantation inhibits Th1-mediated responses but does not induce a switch to a Th2-specific response. In addition, anti-CD154 therapy suppresses ocular chemokine gene expression and leukocytic infiltration into allografts. 相似文献
20.
Koichi Shimizu M.D. Hirokuni Arai M.D. Tohru Sakamoto M.D. Makoto Sunamori M.D. Akio Suzuki M.D. 《Journal of cardiac surgery》1997,12(3):198-200
A bstract A 61-year-old woman suffering from Jarcho-Levin syndrome (JLS) was associated with atrial septal defect and partial anomalous pulmonary venous return and underwent corrective surgery. Pressure controlled postoperative ventilator therapy is preferred in patients with JLS. 相似文献