Transforming Growth Factor-β2 mRNA Level in Unloaded Bone Analyzed by Quantitative In Situ Hybridization

The effects of tail suspension hypokinesia on the gene expression for TGF-β₂ at different sites within bone were evaluated. TGF-β₂ mRNA signal levels were determined quantitatively by an image analysis system. The osteopenia induced by tail suspension was verified by histomorphometry. In the periosteum of nonsuspended control rats, TGF-β₂ mRNA was highly expressed in the preosteoblasts and osteoblast-rich cambial layers; very little signal was present within the middle and outer fibroblastic layers. Gene expression was significantly reduced in suspended rats, and this was evident both in terms of the number of silver grains in unit area or length of tissue and in each osteoblast and preosteoblast. Hypokinesia also reduced the expression of TGF-β₂ mRNA level in cortical and trabecular bone osteocytes, but did not adversely affect the mRNA level in chondrocytes in growth plate. The results affirm the site-specific response of TGF-β₂ gene expression in rats, and suggest that the cortical and trabecular bone osteopenia associated with hypokinesia in rats may be associated with a deficit in osteoblastic and osteocytic TGF-β₂ level. Received: 6 February 1998 / Accepted: 10 November 1998     

胃肠道癌手术与门静脉单细胞转移的相关性研究

目的 进一步了解在胃癌、大肠癌的根治过程中,手术对单细胞转移的影响。方法 １７２例２分２组,阳性受检组１１１例,先结扎肿瘤区引渡以血和的阴性对照组６１例。开腹探后将导管置入门静脉抽取血标本,抗上皮细胞膜克隆抗体为探针,ＡＢＣ免疫组化法检测门静脉癌细胞。结果 阳性受检组１１１例患者中有７２例发现肿瘤细胞、阳性率为６４．９％,有性对照组的６１例仅发现１３例,阳性率为２１．３％,两组且间差异有显著性,     

窥镜下激光治疗前列腺增生症

目的 评价经尿道激光前列腺切除术（ＴＵＬＰ）的疗效及其与前列腺大小的关系。方法 回顾分析了１９８８年至１９９８年１０年,采用ＴＵＬＰ治疗的４６９例前列腺增生症患者对手术技术、手术前后的症关改善情况进行比较,并对２３３例符合条件的患者ＴＵＬＰ手术效果与前列腺大小的相关性进行了研究。结果 ４６９例患者前列腺症状评分（ＩＰＳＳ）平均值由术前的２６．７降到术后的１４．２;最大尿流率平均值由６．２ｍｌ／ｓ上     

Influence of genetic polymorphisms of biotransformation enzymes on gene mutations, strand breaks of deoxyribonucleic acid, and micronuclei in mononuclear blood cells and urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine in potroom workers exposed to polyaromatic hydrocarbons.

OBJECTIVES: Airborne exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in the potroom of an aluminum reduction plant was studied in relation to genotoxic or mutagenic effects, and the possibility of host genotypes of different metabolizing enzymes modifying associations between PAH exposure and genotoxic or mutagenic response was assessed. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Ninety-eight male potroom workers and 55 male unexposed blue-collar workers constituted the study population. Micronuclei in CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes, DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) single-strand breaks, hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyl transferase (HPRT) mutation frequency, and genotype for cytochrome P-4501A1, glutathione transferases M1, T1 and P1, and microsomal epoxide hydrolase were analyzed using peripheral mononuclear cells. Urine samples were collected for the analysis of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine. RESULTS: Micronuclei in peripheral CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes, DNA single-strand breaks, HPRT mutation frequency, and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine in urine did not differ between the potroom workers and the unexposed referents. With the exception of an observed exposure-response relationship for potroom workers with Tyr/Tyr genotype for microsomal epoxide hydrolase, between airborne PAH and CD8+ micronuclei, no correlations were found between any of the genotoxicity biomarkers and any of the exposure measures (airborne particulate PAH, airborne gas phase PAH, length of employment in the potroom, 1-hydroxypyrene in urine, or PAH-DNA adducts in peripheral lymphocytes), also when genotypes for biotransforamtion enzymes were considered. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that the employed biomarkers of mutagenic or genotoxic effects are not appropriate for surveillance studies of potroom workers exposed to current airborne levels of PAH. The significance of the correlation between airborne PAH and CD8+ micronuclei in Tyr/Tyr genotype subjects should be evaluated.     

愈溃膏治疗臁疮的临床评价

目的探讨治疗臁疮的有效方药;方法应用白行研制的愈溃膏,采用外敷的方法,治疗臁疮80例,同期常规治疗45例作为对照;结果应用愈溃膏治疗80例患均取得较好效果,明显优于对照组;结论愈溃膏对于臁疮有较好疗效。     

Genistein inhibits the regulation of active sodium-potassium transport by dopaminergic agonists in nonpigmented ciliary epithelium.

PURPOSE: To determine whether dopamine receptor stimulation regulates Na,K-ATPase-mediated ion transport in cultured nonpigmented ciliary epithelium (NPE). METHODS: Using a rabbit NPE cell line, active Na-K transport activity was determined by measuring ouabain-sensitive potassium (86Rb) uptake in cell monolayers. Western blot analysis of membrane material obtained from cell homogenates was conducted to examine tyrosine phosphorylation of membrane proteins. RESULTS: Ouabain-sensitive potassium (86Rb) uptake was inhibited in the presence of either dopamine or the D1-selective agonist SKF82958. The response was suppressed by SCH23390, a D1 antagonist, but not by sulpiride, a D2-selective antagonist. Quinpirole, a D2-selective agonist, did not cause inhibition of ouabain-sensitive potassium (86Rb) uptake. Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) was detectably increased in SKF82958-treated cells, although the concentration of SKF required to elevate cell cAMP was higher than the concentration needed to inhibit ouabain-sensitive potassium (86Rb) uptake. The protein kinase A inhibitor H89 prevented the 86Rb uptake response to SKF82958. Genistein, an inhibitor of tyrosine kinases, also prevented the 86Rb uptake response to SKF82958. Membrane material isolated from cells exposed to SKF82958 showed an increase in the density of several phosphotyrosine bands. These changes in phosphotyrosine immunoblot density were not observed in material isolated from cells that received either genistein or SCH23390 before SKF82958 treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest D1 agonists cause a reduction of Na,K-ATPase-mediated ion transport by a mechanism that could involve a tyrosine kinase step.     

麻醉性镇痛药使用及依赖性发生的调查

本文调查分析１所大型综合性医院１９８９－１９９４年麻醉性镇痛药使用情况,平均年消耗量为２９６４５±ｓ５５９１ＤＤＤｓ。年开支金额逐年增加,１９９４年为１９９０年的４４０％。内科用量占全院的５５．３％,二氢埃托啡片１９９１年猛增至１０万片以上,卫生部下达文件后下降。门诊麻醉镇痛药用量占４．９％,其处方量占总处方量的０．３５％。主要使用单位是急诊科,占７０．２％。男女患者比为２．４：１;２６－４５ａａ组占４５．６％。药物利用指数０．２９－０．７０,使用不当者主要是二氢埃托啡,发现２人发生依赖性。４３名癌痛患者很少按“三阶梯止痛疗法”给药。根据存在的问题,本文提出相应的建议。     

STUDIES ON ENDEMIC GOITER AND ENDEMIC CRETINISM IN GUIZHOU OBSERVATIONS ON IODINE METABOLISM AND PITUITARY THYROID AXIS FUNCTIONAL STATUS

This paper report,s the iodine metabolism and pituitary-thyroid axis function among the inhabitants of an untreated endemic goiter region in the southeast.ern part (Heba commune) of Guizhou province. The results of the investigation showed that the urine iodine excretion of the inhabi- tants in the untreated endemic goiter region was lower than that of those in the normal non- endemic region, a rural commune of Guiyang city and an iodized salt treated endemic region, Shilong commune. The urine iodine excretion was low not only among the goiter patients and cretins but also among the nongoitrous adults and children. Same was with the 24 hr thyroid .131I uptake figures which were higher than normal among the goiter patients and cretins as well as nongoitrous adults and children in Heba commune. It is concluded that in the endemic goiter region, the goiter patients and cretins as well as the nongoitrous adults and children are suffering from iodine deficiency. Studies of pituitary thyroid axis function of the inhabitants in the untreated endemic goiter region, Heba commune, showed basically normal values for serum T3, definitely low values for serum T4 and markedly elevated values for se- rum TSH. The relation_ship between low serum T4 and elevated serum TSH was frequently ob- served among the cretins and the goiter ;patients although myxedema was rarely manifested. Thus hormonal hypothyroidism was not un- common among the inhabitants of Heba com- mune and the term "euthyroidism" should be used with discretion.     

诺司咪唑对小鼠致畸性的研究

目的：观察抗组织胺新药诺司咪唑对小鼠的致畸作用。方法：在小鼠妊娠致畸敏感期(6—15天)分别连续灌胃给予诺司咪唑29．2、58．4和116．8mg／kg，于妊娠第18天解剖动物并记录孕鼠体重、活胎数、死胎数、吸收胎数、胎仔体重、身长、尾长、胎盘重及外观、骨骼和内脏畸形胎仔数。结果：诺司咪唑使孕鼠体重生长缓慢，但对生殖能力无明显影响，高剂量组对胎仔体重、身长和尾长有一定影响，各组均未见胎仔有外观、骨骼和内脏畸形。结论：诺司咪唑对胎仔发育有一定影响，但无致畸作用。     

抗癌胶囊对实验性肿瘤的治疗及对化疗减毒作用研究

目的：研究抗癌胶囊对小鼠移植肿瘤S180，H22，Lewis的抑瘤作用及对化疗药所致小鼠免疫功能抑制的保护作用。方法：按照抗癌药物筛选规程进行体内抑瘤实验：采用氟尿嘧啶（FU）制备免疫功能低下模型，测定抗癌胶囊对小鼠白细胞计数、免疫器官重量、腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬功能和NK细胞的影响。结果：抗癌胶囊对小鼠移植肿瘤S180，H22，Lewis均有不同的抑瘤作用，其中高剂量组抑瘤效果最佳，并对小鼠体重生长无明显影响。抗癌胶囊还有明显拮抗FU所致白细胞下降，胸腺、脾脏萎缩，腹腔巨噬细胞功能降低和NK细胞减少等毒副作用。结论：抗癌胶囊具有明显的抗肿瘤作用。