Rates of visual field progression in distinct optic disc phenotypes

Background: To determine if optic disc phenotype is correlated with the rate of glaucomatous visual field progression. Design: Retrospective cohort. Participants or Samples: Treated glaucoma patients. Methods: The optic disc stereophotographs of glaucoma patients were reviewed by two investigators masked to all clinical and perimetric data. Each disc was classified as focal ischaemic, myopic, senile sclerotic and generalized enlargement. Visual field progression (defined as at least two adjacent test points in the same hemifield progressing by more than 1.0 dB/year at P < 0.01) was evaluated using automated pointwise linear regression. Main Outcome Measures: Association between optic disc phenotypes and other clinical variables and rates of visual field progression. Results: 264 optic disc stereophotographs (127 generalized enlargement, 41 focal ischaemic, 54 myopic and 42 senile sclerotic) were evaluated. In the univariate analyses, it was found that patients with senile sclerotic discs were older (p = 0.002) and those with generalized enlargement had better baseline visual field mean deviation (p < 0.001) and higher intraocular pressure (p = 0.006) compared with the other groups. More disc haemorrhages were detected in the focal ischaemic and senile sclerotic groups (p = 0.010). After adjusting for other risk factors (intraocular pressure, age, central corneal thickness, disc haemorrhage), there were no differences among groups regarding the risk (p = 0.58) and velocity (p = 0.21) of visual field progression. Conclusions: Visual field progression was similar among the four optic disc phenotypes in treated glaucoma after adjusting for other known risk factors. The division of disc appearance into clinical phenotypes does not appear to provide independent information regarding the risk of progression in clinical practice.     

Oxygen tension and gradient measurements in the retinal microvasculature of rats

Background  

Oxygen delivery from the retinal vasculature plays a crucial role in maintaining normal retinal metabolic function. Therefore, measurements of retinal vascular oxygen tension (PO₂) and PO₂ longitudinal gradients (gPO₂) along retinal blood vessels may help gain fundamental knowledge of retinal physiology and pathological processes.     

溧阳市部分农村居民居住环境现状调查

目的了解溧阳市部分农村居民环境卫生现状,为政府部门制定相关政策提供依据。方法采取按比例分层随机方式选取5个乡镇的4个行政村的100户居民作为调查对象,开展现场环境卫生调查和四害密度监测。结果农村居民使用集中式供水人口占89%,分散式供水占11%。93.94%为三格式厕所,6.06%为水冲式厕所。家庭生活垃圾产生量每日平均1.82 kg。生活污水以暗沟排放为主,占43%,排放地点以坑塘为主,占55%;四害密度以苍蝇密度最高,蟑迹密度最低,分别占54%和5%。结论农村居民的环境卫生得到了明显的改善,但在污水排放和如何减少病媒生物孳生等方面还有待进一步加强和提高。     

7个VNTR位点用于四川省钩端螺旋体菌株的分型研究

目的掌握了解四川省钩端螺旋体基因分型情况、基因型地理分布特征、各地区的主要优势菌型,为分子流行病学调查中确定暴发流行、追溯传染源和传播媒介、预防控制疫情提供科学依据。方法采用多位点可变数目串联重复序列分析方法(MLVA)对四川分离保存的185株钩体菌株7个VNTR位点进行检测,并用BioNumerics软件进行基因分型聚类。结果 185株钩体菌株成功扩增出164株,阳性率为为88.6%,分为81个MLVA基因型,其中156株致病性钩端螺旋体地方株成功扩增出144株,阳性率为92.3%,分为65个MLVA基因型,涵盖11个血清群34个血清型。结论四川地区钩端螺旋体菌多态性好,基因型别与地理分布呈相关性,可通过MLVA方法为钩体疫情的分子流行病学调查提供及时和准确的科学依据。     

高温高压油基钻井液ECD实时监测技术与应用

高温高压井油基钻井液ECD准确计算与监测对安全高效钻进至关重要。为此,需要建立一种有效的油基钻井液ECD实时计算与监测方法,使得在钻进过程中能够进行水力参数计算与监测。在分析HTHP对油基钻井液密度影响的基础上,经理论分析建立了高温高压ESD计算模型;在四参数水力计算模型的基础上给出了通用压耗计算方法,这种方法适用于所有常用的钻井液流变模型(宾汉、幂律、赫巴模型),在充分考虑HTHP对油基钻井液流变性影响的情况下给出了油基钻井液ECD实时计算模型,并开发了一套基于录井数据的油基钻井液ECD实时监测软件。经现场应用表明:充分考虑HTHP对油基钻井液密度及流变性的影响,基于实时录井数据通过该软件可以很好地进行油基钻井液水力参数计算与监测,可以满足现场工程需要。     

四川省鼠疫防治30年回顾

目的分析四川省1981-2010年鼠疫防治的研究结果,为四川鼠疫防控工作提供对策与依据。方法统计、整理、分析四川省1981-2010年鼠疫相关工作资料,实验方法按照"鼠疫诊断标准"进行。结果通过调查,细菌学检测材料42 429份、分离鼠疫菌183株,鼠疫间接血疑试验血清29 980份、阳性251份,鼠疫放射免疫沉淀试验标本7 611份、阳性79份,鼠疫反向血疑试验检测标本833份、阳性31份,发现染疫动物7种,染疫媒介3种,发现青海田鼠型鼠疫菌和喜马拉雅旱獭型鼠疫菌,鼠疫发生在2县5个乡镇。结论证实了四川鼠疫自然疫源地的存在,发现了青海田鼠疫源地和喜马拉雅旱獭鼠疫自然疫源地。     

Cholesterol ester exchange between human plasma high and low density lipoproteins mediated by a plasma protein factor.

Although unesterified cholesterol and phospholipids exchange freely, a protein factor from the d greater than 1.25 g/ml plasma fraction was found to be necessary for cholesterol esters to transfer from HDL to LDL. This transfer was reversible, time-dependent and a function of the concentration of the d greater than 1.25 fraction, but independent of lecithin : cholesterol acyltransferase reaction. The transfer represented an equilibration of molecules, but no net mass transfer of cholesterol esters could be demonstrated from HDL to LDL.     

影响血清甲状腺球蛋白水平因素的流行病学研究

目的 研究不同因素对≥14周岁人群血清甲状腺球蛋白(TG)水平的影响。方法 选择碘缺乏、碘充足和碘过量的3个农村社区,测定3地区甲状腺球蛋白抗体(TGAb)阴性的3335例居民的血清TG、促甲状腺激素(TSH)水平和甲状腺体积(B超法)。结果 在尿碘中位数(MUI)80—650μg/L人群中,血清TG浓度呈现一个V型变化,即碘缺乏和碘过量状态都可以导致血清TG的升高;血清TSH浓度与血清TC浓度也呈现V型的关系,即血清TSH低于0．3mU／L时,血清TG显著升高;血清TSH高于4．8mU／L时,血清TG也显著升高;甲状腺的体积与血清TG的水平呈现明显正相关的关系;女性的血清TG浓度显著高于男性;年龄对血清TG的影响仅发生在碘缺乏地区,50岁以上人群的血清TG水平显著增高。结论 性别、碘摄入量、血清TSH浓度和甲状腺体积因素影响血清TG浓度。     

生豆浆灌胃治疗小鼠急性坏死性胰腺炎研究

目的 探讨生豆浆灌胃对ANP小鼠的治疗作用.方法 采用腹腔注射左旋精氨酸法诱导小鼠ANP模型.200只小鼠按随机分组法分为正常组、ANP组、生豆浆治疗组、熟豆浆治疗组和纯净水组.后4组又分制模后6 h、12 h、24 h、48 h和72 h 5个时间点,各8只.检测各组血清淀粉酶活性,观察胰腺病理变化并评分,分析小鼠死亡率.结果 生豆浆组24 h、48 h和72 h血清淀粉酶活性分别为(3 910±833)U/L、(2 798±634)U/L和(3 398±1 389)U/L;胰腺病理分值分别为3.13±0.34、2.35±0.19和2.22±0.21,较其他3组均明显降低(P＜0.01或P＜0.05).生豆浆组7 d内死亡2只,其他组死亡5～6只.结论 生豆浆灌胃可明显抑制ANP小鼠的血清淀粉酶活性,减轻胰腺炎症程度,降低死亡率.该法可能是一种可行的治疗方法,值得进一步研究.     

Sequential MR studies of a patient with white matter disease presenting psychotic symptoms: ADEM versus single-episode MS

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) and multiple sclerosis (MS) are both demyelinating white matter disorders. It is difficult to differentiate ADEM from single episode MS because of the similar clinical presentation, cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) analysis, histological finding and magnetic resonance image (MRI) appearance. We report an ADEM case with unusual clinical presentations of predominant psychiatric symptoms, and relatively long disease course. Initially, we were not able to distinguish it from single episode MS. By means of sequential MR images followed up 2 years and spectroscopy studies, and the dramatic clinical improvement after corticosteroid therapy, ADEM was diagnosed as the disease entity of this patient. In this case report we will present the MR findings of this patient and discuss the differentiation between the ADEM and MS.