全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1974篇 |
免费 | 164篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 9篇 |
儿科学 | 77篇 |
妇产科学 | 49篇 |
基础医学 | 195篇 |
口腔科学 | 20篇 |
临床医学 | 191篇 |
内科学 | 459篇 |
皮肤病学 | 10篇 |
神经病学 | 219篇 |
特种医学 | 85篇 |
外科学 | 161篇 |
综合类 | 28篇 |
一般理论 | 117篇 |
预防医学 | 267篇 |
眼科学 | 52篇 |
药学 | 106篇 |
肿瘤学 | 93篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 16篇 |
2022年 | 29篇 |
2021年 | 41篇 |
2020年 | 18篇 |
2019年 | 33篇 |
2018年 | 37篇 |
2017年 | 36篇 |
2016年 | 26篇 |
2015年 | 29篇 |
2014年 | 37篇 |
2013年 | 57篇 |
2012年 | 71篇 |
2011年 | 98篇 |
2010年 | 59篇 |
2009年 | 53篇 |
2008年 | 95篇 |
2007年 | 66篇 |
2006年 | 70篇 |
2005年 | 74篇 |
2004年 | 75篇 |
2003年 | 63篇 |
2002年 | 53篇 |
2001年 | 55篇 |
2000年 | 74篇 |
1999年 | 62篇 |
1998年 | 21篇 |
1997年 | 22篇 |
1996年 | 30篇 |
1995年 | 26篇 |
1994年 | 23篇 |
1993年 | 24篇 |
1992年 | 52篇 |
1991年 | 53篇 |
1990年 | 53篇 |
1989年 | 60篇 |
1988年 | 44篇 |
1987年 | 41篇 |
1986年 | 50篇 |
1985年 | 47篇 |
1984年 | 24篇 |
1983年 | 17篇 |
1982年 | 22篇 |
1981年 | 15篇 |
1980年 | 15篇 |
1979年 | 18篇 |
1977年 | 16篇 |
1976年 | 18篇 |
1975年 | 17篇 |
1967年 | 13篇 |
1966年 | 17篇 |
排序方式: 共有2138条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
111.
1,363 high school students were solicited to complete a personality disorder questionnaire and were encouraged to continue in the study by signing up for interviews with Master's level psychology students. 107 students (7.8%, 34 males, 73 females, mean age = 16.7 +/- 1.8) manifested themselves for the interview and were assessed by using structured diagnostic interviews for borderline personality disorder and major depressive disorder (DIB-R, Revised Diagnostic Interview for Borderlines; MINI, Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview). The interviews were audiotaped. Interrater reliability was determined by independent ratings of 12 borderline subjects and 12 non-borderline subjects (kappa: 0.795). The distribution of the 107 subjects based on the number of DSM IV borderline personality disorder criteria indicated a gradual dispersion suggesting a continuum from normality to borderline personality disorder: 8% of the subjects met none of the criteria; 16% met one criterion; 17% met two; 12.5%, three; 13.7%, four; 8.4%, five; 5.6%, six; 9.3%, seven; 4.6%, eight; 4.6%, nine. Thirty-five of these 107 subjects (32.7%, 6 males, 29 females, mean age = 16.7 +/- 1.7) received a diagnosis of borderline personality disorder according to DSM IV criteria. The most frequent symptoms were paranoid ideation or dissociative symptoms (97.1%), affective instability (88.6%), inappropriate, intense anger (85.6%), suicidal gestures or automutilation (82.9%), followed by frantic efforts to avoid abandonment (77%), impulsivity (65.7%), unstable and intense relationships (62.9%), identity disturbance (60%), and emptiness (57.1%). The comparison between borderline and non-borderline subjects showed that all borderline personality disorder criteria discriminated significantly between the two groups. The high incidence of paranoid ideation (97.1%) and dissociative experiences (65.7%) in the borderline group suggests the pertinence of criterion 9 in the diagnosis of borderline personality disorder in adolescents. Two criteria of schizotypal personality disorder were also frequent in this group: 68.6% of the borderline group reported odd beliefs or magical thinking, in particular beliefs in clairvoyance or telepathy and 88.6% reported unusual perceptual experiences, in particular sensing the presence of a force or person and bodily illusions. Moreover, 31.4% of the borderline group reported transient "quasi" psychotic experiences, mainly "quasi" visual hallucinations. Auditory hallucinations or delusional ideas were not observed. This symptomatology suggests a "quasi" psychotic dimension of adolescent borderline personality disorder. Affective instability was the next most frequent symptom which was usually marked by a cyclothymic appearance. Comorbidity with major depressive disorder was high: 85.7% of the borderline subjects had a concurrent diagnosis of major depression versus 45.8% of the non-borderline subjects. Thus, major depression is more frequent than most of the borderline personality disorder criteria, with the exception of the already noted paranoid ideation and affective instability. Hypomanic symptoms were frequent in the borderline group (65.7%) as well as in the non-borderline group (38.8%). This symptomatology suggests that adolescent borderline personality disorder is linked to an attenuated bipolar spectrum characterised by major depressive episodes and soft signs of bipolarity. However, hypomanic symptoms, which were quite frequent in non-borderline subjects, might also be due to a mechanism of defence, i.e. the denial of depression. Comorbidity with anxiety disorders appeared also to be high: anxiety symptoms were found in 91.4% of the borderline subjects who reported symptoms of generalised anxiety disorder, panic disorder, and somatoform disorders. The overall clinical appearance of these borderline adolescents not referred for treatment seemed to be quite similar to that of borderline adolescents in clinical samples. This study shows that adolescent borderline personality disorder in non-clinical population is a serious disorder characterised by the importance of mental suffering and behavioural disturbances the disorganising power of which may fix the developmental process in a pathological pathway. Adolescent borderline personality disorder appears in this study to be strongly associated with major depressive disorder and at-risk behaviours linked to impulsivity, affective instability, and suicidal ideation. However, this study found an absence of precise cut-off between borderline and non-borderline subjects. Two factors might have contributed to the appearance of a continuum. First, some degree of impulsivity and instability in affectivity, self-images and interpersonal relationships is part of normal adolescence. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED) 相似文献
112.
Gender differences in the utilization of health care services 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
Bertakis KD Azari R Helms LJ Callahan EJ Robbins JA 《The Journal of family practice》2000,49(2):147-152
BACKGROUND: Studies have shown that women use more health care services than men. We used important independent variables, such as patient sociodemographics and health status, to investigate gender differences in the use and costs of these services. METHODS: New adult patients (N = 509) were randomly assigned to primary care physicians at a university medical center. Their use of health care services and associated charges were monitored for 1 year of care. Self-reported health status was measured using the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 (SF-36). We controlled for health status, sociodemographic information, and primary care physician specialty in the statistical analyses. RESULTS: Women had significantly lower self-reported health status and lower mean education and income than men. Women had a significantly higher mean number of visits to their primary care clinic and diagnostic services than men. Mean charges for primary care, specialty care, emergency treatment, diagnostic services, and annual total charges were all significantly higher for women than men; however, there were no differences for mean hospitalizations or hospital charges. After controlling for health status, sociodemographics, and clinic assignment, women still had higher medical charges for all categories of charges except hospitalizations. CONCLUSIONS: Women have higher medical care service utilization and higher associated charges than men. Although the appropriateness of these differences was not determined, these findings have implications for health care. 相似文献
113.
Julia L. Boland Qin Zhou Madhuri Martin Margaret K. Callahan Jason Konner Roisin E. OCearbhaill Claire F. Friedman William Tew Vicky Makker Rachel N. Grisham Martee L. Hensley Nicholas Zecca Alexia E. Iasonos Alexandra Snyder David M. Hyman Paul Sabbatini Carol Aghajanian Karen A. Cadoo Dmitriy Zamarin 《Gynecologic oncology》2019,152(2):251-258
Objective
Delayed responses observed with immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) present a challenge for patients with peritoneal malignancies, who risk early symptomatic disease progression requiring treatment discontinuation. While efforts are ongoing to define the biomarkers of response, it is equally important to identify patients at risk for early discontinuation. We sought to investigate the timing of disease progression in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients treated with ICB and to identify pre-treatment clinical parameters associated with early discontinuation.Methods
Retrospective analysis was performed on EOC patients treated with ICB at MSKCC from January 2013 to May 2017. Cutoffs for early and very early discontinuation due to disease progression were defined at 12 and 8?weeks, respectively. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were built based on pre-treatment clinical variables.Results
Of 108 identified patients, 89 were included in the analysis. Forty-six (51.7%) patients discontinued therapy early, 30 of which (33.7%) discontinued therapy very early. Eight patients (9.0%) died within 12?weeks of ICB initiation from disease progression. In multivariate analyses, bulky peritoneal disease (p?=?0.009, OR: 4.94) and liver parenchymal metastases (p?=?0.001, OR: 8.08) were associated with early discontinuation. Liver parenchymal metastases (p?=?0.001, OR 6.64), and high neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (p?=?0.021, OR: 3.54), were associated with very early discontinuation.Conclusions
Over 50% of EOC patients suffer disease progression requiring early discontinuation of ICB. Pre-treatment prognostic clinical characteristics may identify patients at highest risk for early discontinuation due to disease progression and warrant caution in using these agents in late line patients with advanced disease. 相似文献114.
M Callahan 《The American journal of nursing》1985,85(12):1368-1369
115.
In a follow-up of 43 private psychiatric patients referred for open bimedial prefrontal lobotomies between 1948 and 1970, patients were rated by personal interviews and review of medical records for symptom improvement and organic brain syndromes. Initial diagnoses were obsessive-compulsive neurotic (27), hypochondriacal neurotic (five), manic-deprresive (depressed) (one), and schizophrenic (ten). All had been severely impaired by illness intractable to extensive previous treatment. Thirty-five were found to be virtually free of symptoms that prompted operation, six had some improvement, and two were unimproved. Six had moderate to severe organic brain syndromes; three had seizure disorders necessitating treatment; and 17 incurred substantial weight gains. Best results were for hypochondriacal and obsessive-compulsive neurotic patients with phobic symptoms: poorest results were for paranoid schizophrenic subjects. This study was undertaken to provide some increment of data that could aid ongoing efforts to evaluate the consequences of this treatment. 相似文献
116.
117.
118.
119.
120.
Percutaneous nephrostomy is a well-recognized procedure utilized by the radiologist both as a temporary drainage method for urinary tract obstruction and as the elective therapeutic modality in selected pathologies of the urinary tract. We report a complication not previously mentioned in the literature, urinoma formation. 相似文献