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21.
Amit Kumar Sharma Neeraj Gupta Dilip Kumar Kala Tarun Patni Ramakant Dixit Satyadeep Verma Arjun Chandran 《The Indian journal of tuberculosis》2018,65(3):233-236
Aims and objectives
To determine the prevalence and pattern of resistance to second line drugs among multi drug resistant (MDR) tuberculosis patients being treated on category IV regimen.Methodology
This study was conducted at Department of Respiratory Medicine, J.L.N. Medical College, Ajmer in collaboration with IRL, STDC, Ajmer. Second line anti tubercular drug sensitivity for 398 multi drug resistant tuberculosis patients (between June-2015 and June-2016) was done to find out prevalence and pattern of resistance to second line drugs. Second line drug sensitivity was performed at accredited laboratory, Microbiology department, S.M.S. Medical College, Jaipur.Results
Among these 398 patients, 136 (34.17%) were resistant to fluoroquinolones (Ofloxacin) (Pre XDR); 18 (4.52%) were resistant to one of the aminoglycosides (Inj. Kanamycin, Capreomycin, Amikacin) (Pre XDR); while 22 (5.53%) patients were resistant to fluoroquinolones as well as aminoglycosides (XDR). 148 (37.18%) patients were found sensitive to both the drugs. Samples of 41 (10.3%) patients were contaminated and no growth was seen in 33 (8.29%) patients.Conclusion
Nearly half of the multi drug resistant (MDR) tuberculosis patients (44.22%) being treated on category IV regimen also have resistance to either fluoroquinolones or aminoglycosides or both i.e. Pre XDR or XDR. This may result in poor outcome of category IV regimen under RNTCP. There is a strong need for provision of culture sensitivity for all first line drugs and at least two second line drugs viz. Fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides for all the patients registered as smear positive under RNTCP. There is also a need for development of rapid culture technique for sensitivity to second line drugs. 相似文献22.
Venkata?Anudeep Kolar?Vishwanath?VinodEmail author Nandini?Pandit Vivek?Kumar?Sharma Halanaik?Dhanapathi Tarun?Kumar?Dutta Akkilagunta?Sujiv 《Indian journal of gastroenterology》2016,35(5):385-392
Background and Aims
Upper gastrointestinal symptoms are more prevalent among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. The prevalence of delayed gastric emptying (GE) and factors predictive of it have not been studied in Indian T2DM patients and the present study aimed to study the same.Methods
This hospital-based cross-sectional study involved adult (age between 18 and 65 years) outpatients with T2DM of ≥5-year duration. Measurements of GE of a labelled standardized solid rice idli meal by gastric emptying scintigraphy (GES), symptoms of delayed GE (by standardized questionnaire) and autonomic function by cardiovascular autonomic function tests (AFTs) were carried out. Thirty healthy subjects served as controls for GES and AFTs.Results
One hundred and forty T2DM patients (age range: 32–65 years) were studied. Delayed GE was documented in ≈29 % (40/140) and rapid GE in 2 % (3/140) of T2DM patients. Univariate analysis showed significant positive association between delayed GE and duration of DM, body mass index (BMI), HbA1c, retinopathy, peripheral neuropathy, autonomic dysfunction and coronary artery disease (p < 0.05 for all). However, there was no significant correlation of age, sex, symptoms suggestive of gastroparesis and nephropathy with delayed GE. Hypoglycemic episodes were significantly more frequent in those with delayed GE (p < 0.05). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed only BMI and HbA1c to be significant independent predictors of delayed GE.Conclusion
Presence and severity of symptoms of gastroparesis did not predict delayed GE. Delayed GE, irrespective of symptoms, was associated with microvascular and macrovascular diabetic complications and increased risk of hypoglycemic episodes. HbA1c and BMI were independent predictors of delayed GE.23.
24.
Rucha Shah Triveni Mavinakote Gowda Raison Thomas Tarun Kumar Dhoom Singh Mehta 《The Journal of prosthetic dentistry》2019,121(3):391-393
Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is gaining acceptance as a bioactive surgical additive in regenerative dentistry. However, PRF has only been available in gel or membrane form and is not suitable for injection. Recently, however, a liquid, injectable PRF has been introduced. This paper introduces the concept of injectable PRF and discusses its applications for biologic activation of bone grafts. 相似文献
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Pharmacomechanical thrombolysis (PMT) is an emerging treatment option for symptomatic deep vein thrombosis (DVT). This may obviate the need for systemic or catheter-directed thrombolysis. PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane database search of PMT in acute and chronic symptomatic DVT was undertaken. Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics, procedural details, DVT characteristics, and procedural and clinical outcomes are presented. A total of 8 case series (n = 2528; 1998-2009) qualified for inclusion. Lower extremity symptomatic DVTs constituted the majority of the cases (>80%). Both acute (<14 days) and chronic (>14 days) DVTs were included. Procedural success was 59% to 100% and catheter-directed thrombolysis was used as an adjunct in 16% to 53%. No deaths or major bleeding complications were reported. Pharmacomechanical thrombolysis leads to the immediate resolution of clinical symptoms of DVT in the majority of patients. Pharmacomechanical thrombolysis may be a safe and novel method, when appropriate expertise and resources are available, for the treatment of symptomatic acute and chronic DVT. 相似文献
27.
Pal GK Pal P Nanda N Lalitha V Dutta TK Adithan C 《Clinical and experimental hypertension (New York, N.Y. : 1993)》2012,34(1):31-37
Although recently the incidence of prehypertension has increased considerably, the pathophysiological mechanisms and the effects of gender in its causation have not yet been fully elucidated. Therefore, in this study body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR), basal heart rate (BHR), blood pressure (BP), rate pressure product (RPP), and spectral indices of heart rate variability (HRV) were reordered and analyzed in normotensive and prehypertensive males and females. It was observed that low frequency-high frequency (LF-HF) ratio, the sensitive indicator of sympathovagal imbalance (SVI), is significantly more (P < .001) in male prehypertensives compared with female prehypertensives. Although SVI in prehypertensives was found to be due to both sympathetic activation and vagal inhibition, contribution of vagal withdrawal was prominent in males. The LF-HF ratio was significantly correlated with BMI, WHR, BHR, BP, and RPP, which was more prominent in male prehypertensives and the degree of correlation was more for WHR and diastolic pressure. It was concluded that vagal inhibition plays an important role in critical alteration of SVI in the genesis of prehypertension, especially in males, and WHR could be a better indicator of SVI in prehypertensives. It was suggested that prehypertensives should improve their vagal tone to restore the sympathovagal homeostasis. 相似文献
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29.
Ranjan Kumar Tiwari Kaushik Saha Debasis Mukhopadhyay Chhanda Datta Uttara Chatterjee Tarun Kumar Ghosh 《Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology of India》2016,66(2):107-114
Objectives
To assess the preoperative serum levels of CA 125 with its diagnostic role and to evaluate the p53 expression in patients of primary ovarian neoplasms. We also wished to judge their relationship with other parameters like clinical staging and histopathologic tumor type.Materials and Methods
The present study was conducted on 86 patients during the study period of 2.5 years. Preoperative CA 125 levels were evaluated by an automated immunoassay analyzer. p53 expression was judged immunohistochemically with pre-diluted monoclonal antibody. An objective scoring was done depending on distinct nuclear immunopositivity.Results
Median value of preoperative CA 125 levels was 32 U/mL in benign surface epithelial-stromal tumors (BSEST), 53 U/mL in borderline surface epithelial-stromal tumors (BOT), 346 U/mL in malignant surface epithelial-stromal tumors (MSEST) and 560 U/mL in serous adenocarcinomas (SAC). Most of ovarian tumors were in the FIGO stage I (64 cases, 74.4%), but higher stages (II, III, IV) were observed mostly in MSESTs. SACs displayed the maximum p53 expression. Considering the cut-off value of more than 35 U/mL in CA 125 levels, the sensitivity to diagnose MSESTs was 94.7%. Preoperative CA 125 levels strongly and positively correlated with FIGO staging and p53 expression. Similarly p53 expression strongly and positively correlated with FIGO staging and histopathological categories.Conclusion
Higher values of preoperative CA 125 levels and higher expression p53 are associated with MSESTs and BOTs especially of serous type. They strongly correlate with each other and with tumor stage. But there is no serum CA 125 concentration that can clearly differentiate benign and malignant ovarian masses. 相似文献30.