Surface alteration of human tooth enamel subjected to acidic and neutral 30% hydrogen peroxide

Objectives

To investigate the effects of acidic and neutral 30% hydrogen peroxide (HP) on human tooth enamel in terms of chemical structure, mechanical property, surface morphology and tooth colour.

Methods

Twenty-seven human dental blocks were obtained from premolars and randomly divided into three groups (n = 9): Group acidic HP (30% HP, pH ≈ 3.6), Group neutral HP (30% HP, pH ≈ 7.0) and Group DW (distilled water, pH ≈ 6.8). Attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM) investigation, microhardness test and colour measurements were carried out before and after treatments. ATR-FTIR and Raman spectroscopy were analysed and then the carbonate:mineral ratio (C:M), Raman absolute intensity (RAI), Raman relative intensity (RRI), and laser-induced fluorescence intensity (FI) were obtained for evaluation.

Results

The C:M, percentage microhardness and percentage RRI of group acidic HP decreased more significantly than those of group neutral HP (P = 0.02, P = 0.001, P < 0.001, respectively) and group DW (P = 0.01, P = 0.008, P < 0.001, respectively). Whilst group neutral HP and group DW had no statistical difference in above terms (P = 0.818, P = 0.528, P = 0.158, respectively). Significant morphological alterations were observed in group acidic HP. Group acidic HP and neutral HP had no significant difference in percentage FI (P = 0.652) and ΔE (P = 0.906).

Conclusions

This study suggested that neutral 30% HP had the same efficiency in tooth bleaching and it caused less deleterious effects on enamel than acidic 30% HP.     

种植套筒冠覆盖义齿在无牙颌修复中的应用

目的探讨以种植套筒冠覆盖义齿修复无牙颌的临床效果。方法对北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院口腔种植中心就诊的21例无牙颌患者,采用种植套筒冠覆盖义齿修复。共28件修复体,其中上颌全颌覆盖义齿13件,下颌全颌覆盖义齿15件。共植人种植体139枚,其中Camlog 74枚,IMZ 28枚,Frialit-2 37枚。种植体修复基台切削后直接作为套筒冠内冠,套筒冠外冠分别采用金沉积技术和失蜡铸造技术加工。修复后平均追踪26．5个月(12-39个月)。以临床检查和影像学检查评价修复效果。结果至最后一次复查,21例患者临床检查未见修复体松动、折断、损坏,修复体固位好、稳定,种植体周围软组织健康。19例患者曲面断层X线片显示种植体周围骨组织稳定,无吸收。仅2例在修复3年后发现少量骨吸收,约1 mm。修复后至最后一次复查未见种植体脱落。结论种植套筒冠覆盖义齿稳定,种植体周围骨组织稳定,可用于无牙颌修复。     

上颌后牙区骨膨胀技术结合上颌窦闭式提升术植入CDIC种植体的探讨

目的：探讨一种创伤较小的后牙牙槽脊增宽，同期植入CDIC种植体的方法。方法：通过使用后牙骨挤压骨膨胀的技术获得初期固位。结果：两例病例获得成功，近期成功率达100％。结论：上颌后牙区骨挤压骨膨胀技术结合上颌窦闭式提升术植入CDIC种植体是一种解决后牙区骨萎缩的方法。     

正畸病人后牙段腭弓形态的测量

目的:研究正畸病人后牙段腭弓形态的规律,为临床预成腭杠的制作提供理论基础.方法:选择60例正畸病人,按牙齿萌出情况(牙龄)分为3组,灌取上颌模型,测量第一磨牙区腭弓的高度、宽度和弧长,统计分析.结果:恒牙列组后牙段腭弓高度、宽度及弧长测量值最大,替牙组最小,有统计学意义.结论:牙列由替牙列向恒牙列的发育过程中,腭弓也在发育,其趋势是高度,宽度和弧长的不断增加,尤其以替牙列向恒牙期过度时,此变化最为明显(P＜0.01).临床使用腭杠时需注意腭部的这种特点.     

1354 freshmen's dental investigation]

1354 freshmen have been investigated to discover the relationship between dental diseases and environments,living habits and personal sanitary conditions,because urban young men like sweet foods and snacks,the incidence of caries is greater in the cities than in the country,more people with tetracycline discolored tooth live in urban areas than in the rustic ones,which is due to dense living conditions, vulnerable to respiratory organs disease,medical conditions and convenience of taking tetracycline when ill;on the other hand,gingivitis is more common within the country students than within the city students,for those students from the country are used to brush their tooth after adolescence and usually have more dental calculus which is harmful to the gingiva.More than half of the investigated freshmen are ignorant of correct method of brushing and oral health and that is important factors of high rate of dental disease,according to the above reasons,the effective measures should educated to prevent dental disease.     

聚乙二醇抑制变形链球菌生长的实验研究

目的 :探讨聚乙二醇 (polyethyleneglycol,PEG)与变形链球菌作用后 ,其抑制细菌生长的效果。方法 :采用 2种低分子量的PEG(Mr分别为 2 0 0和 4 0 0 ,简称PEG2 0 0和PEG4 0 0 ) ,各选 4种不同浓度与细菌作用 ,分别经过 2 4和 4 8h培养 ,用分光光度计测试细菌生长的A540 值。结果 :经双因素无重复实验方差分析结果显示 :PEG的分子量大小和浓度高低及培养时间对实验结果均有较大的影响 ,两实验组之间以及实验组与对照组之间结果相差非常显著 (P <0 .0 0 1) ,即认为在培养时间为 2 4h时 ,浓度越大 ,分子量越小 (Mr为 2 0 0 ) ,抑制细菌生长的效果越好。结论 :低分子量的PEG作为非离子型表面活性剂 ,在一定时间内对抑制变链球菌的生长是有效的 ,值得我们对其防龋作用作进一步的研究探讨