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991.
Ayyappan Anitha Ismail Thanseem Kazuhiko Nakamura Mahesh M. Vasu Kazuo Yamada Takatoshi Ueki Yoshimi Iwayama Tomoko Toyota Kenji J. Tsuchiya Yasuhide Iwata Katsuaki Suzuki Toshiro Sugiyama Masatsugu Tsujii Takeo Yoshikawa Norio Mori 《Journal of psychiatry & neuroscience : JPN》2014,39(5):294-303
Background
In a genome-wide association study of autism, zinc finger protein 804A (ZNF804A) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were found to be nominally associated in verbally deficient individuals with autism. Zinc finger protein 804A copy number variations (CNVs) have also been observed in individuals with autism. In addition, ZNF804A is known to be involved in theory of mind (ToM) tasks, and ToM deficits are deemed responsible for the communication and social challenges faced by individuals with autism. We hypothesized that ZNF804A could be a risk gene for autism.Methods
We examined the genetic association and CNVs of ZNF804A in 841 families in which 1 or more members had autism. We compared the expression of ZNF804A in the postmortem brains of individuals with autism (n = 8) and controls (n = 13). We also assessed in vitro the effect of ZNF804A silencing on the expression of several genes known to be involved in verbal efficiency and social cognition.Results
We found that rs7603001 was nominally associated with autism (p = 0.018). The association was stronger (p = 0.008) in the families of individuals with autism who were verbally deficient (n = 761 families). We observed ZNF804A CNVs in 7 verbally deficient boys with autism. In ZNF804A knockdown cells, the expression of synaptosomal-associated protein, 25kDa (SNAP25) was reduced compared with controls (p = 0.009). The expression of ZNF804A (p = 0.009) and SNAP25 (p = 0.009) were reduced in the anterior cingulate gyrus (ACG) of individuals with autism. There was a strong positive correlation between the expression of ZNF804A and SNAP25 in the ACG (p < 0.001).Limitations
Study limitations include our small sample size of postmortem brains.Conclusion
Our results suggest that ZNF804A could be a potential candidate gene mediating the intermediate phenotypes associated with verbal traits in individuals with autism. 相似文献992.
993.
Kuniaki Nakahara Shigehiro Ikemoto Satoru Shimizu Masaru Yamada Toshihiro Kumabe 《Child's nervous system》2014,30(7):1283-1286
Purpose
Although distraction osteogenesis has been widely accepted to treat craniosynostosis, it occasionally results in wound complications. Positing that they are attributable to the tense pericranium under the scalp, we developed a simple technique to relax the pericranial flap.Methods
In 12- to 15-month-old infants (mean 13 months), we placed a coronal skin incision and dissected the scalp at the subgaleal layer. Then, we peeled the intact pericranium away from the skull along the planned osteotomy to obtain flaps with pedicles on the caudal part. After osteotomy and setting of the distraction device, the pericranial flaps freed from the scalp flap were repositioned to fit the osteotomy line, dura, and distraction device. The galea and skin were approximated layer by layer.Results
The shape of the skull was successfully corrected, and the bone defect created by expansion was filled by osteogenesis in all patients. During a mean follow-up period of 42.2 months, we encountered no wound complications.Conclusions
The replaced relaxed pericranium closely adhered to the osteotomy, and the distraction device facilitated vascular growth and bone restoration. Bone resorption was prevented and skin expansion promoted. In patients with iatrogenic dural injury, the pericranium over the injured dura serves as a barrier to prevent cerebrospinal fluid leakage. 相似文献994.
Fengshi Chen Aya Miyagawa‐Hayashino Kimiko Yurugi Naomi Chibana Tetsu Yamada Masaaki Sato Akihiro Aoyama Shunji Takakura Toru Bando Hiroshi Date 《Transplant international》2014,27(2):e8-e12
Living‐donor lobar lung transplantation (LDLLT) is an established therapy for patients with end‐stage lung disease, but living‐donor lobar lung retransplantation (re‐LDLLT) is rarely reported. We previously reported a case of unilateral antibody‐mediated rejection after LDLLT in the presence of newly formed donor‐specific antibodies against a right‐lobe donor. The same patient developed contralateral bronchiolitis obliterans, resulting in bilateral bronchiolitis obliterans, but re‐LDLLT was successful. Pathological findings of the explanted lungs were consistent with the clinical course of the patient. One year after re‐LDLLT, the patient is doing well without any anti‐human leukocyte antigen antibodies. Four lobes from four different donors were transplanted in this patient. The first two lobes were rejected eventually, but the two lobes implanted later presented no signs of rejection at least for 1 year after the transplant. Herein, we report this rare case and compare the clinical course and pathological findings. 相似文献
995.
Rika Watarai Koji Suzuki Naohiro Ichino Keisuke Osakabe Keiko Sugimoto Hiroya Yamada Takeshi Hamajima Nobuyuki Hamajima Takashi Inoue 《Journal of epidemiology / Japan Epidemiological Association》2014,24(3):250-257
Background
Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is an endogenous inhibitor of endothelium nitric oxide synthase (NOS). ADMA binds to a substrate-binding site of NOS and then inhibits nitric oxide production from vascular endothelial cells. Elevated ADMA levels are a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Recently, it was reported that plasma ADMA levels were negatively correlated with vegetable and fruit consumption. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between serum levels of carotenoids and serum ADMA levels in Japanese subjects.Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study of 470 subjects (203 men and 267 women) who attended a health examination in August 2011. Serum levels of several carotenoids were separately measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. Serum ADMA levels were determined by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit.Results
In women, the multivariate-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of elevated serum ADMA levels were significantly decreased in the highest tertile for β-cryptoxanthin (OR 0.47, 95% CI 0.23–0.95), α-carotene (OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.18–0.79), and β-carotene (OR 0.36, 95% CI 0.17–0.73) compared to the lowest tertile. In men, significantly decreased ORs were observed in the highest tertiles of serum zeaxanthin/lutein (OR 0.23, 95% CI 0.06–0.69) and α-carotene (OR 0.26, 95% CI 0.07–0.82), and in the middle and the highest tertiles of serum β-carotene (OR 0.27, 95% CI 0.09–0.74 and OR 0.20, 95% CI 0.03–0.88, respectively) when the tertile cutoff points of women were extrapolated to men.Conclusions
Higher serum levels of carotenoids, such as α-carotene and β-carotene, may help to prevent elevated serum ADMA levels in Japanese subjects.Key words: asymmetric dimethylarginine, carotenoids, cross-sectional study 相似文献996.
Tomoko Miki Osamu Yokota Takashi Haraguchi Hideki Ishizu Masato Hasegawa Takeshi Ishihara Shu‐ichi Ueno Shintaro Takenoshita Seishi Terada Norihito Yamada 《Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland)》2020,30(4):811-830
Granular/fuzzy astrocytes (GFAs), a subtype of “aging‐related tau astrogliopathy,” are noted in cases bearing various neurodegenerative diseases. However, the pathogenic significance of GFAs remains unclear. We immunohistochemically examined the frontal cortex, caudate nucleus, putamen and amygdala in 105 cases composed of argyrophilic grain disease cases (AGD, N = 26), and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP, N = 10), Alzheimer’s disease (AD, N = 20) and primary age‐related tauopathy cases (PART, N = 18) lacking AGD, as well as 31 cases bearing other various neurodegenerative diseases to clarify (i) the distribution patterns of GFAs in AGD, and PSP, AD and PART lacking AGD, (ii) the impacts of major pathological factors and age on GFA formation and (iii) immunohistochemical features useful to understand the formation process of GFAs. In AGD cases, GFAs consistently occurred in the amygdala (100%), followed by the putamen (69.2%) and caudate nucleus and frontal cortex (57.7%, respectively). In PSP cases without AGD, GFAs were almost consistently noted in all regions examined (90–100%). In AD cases without AGD, GFAs were less frequent, developing preferably in the putamen (35.0%) and caudate nucleus (30.0%). PART cases without AGD had GFAs most frequently in the amygdala (35.3%), being more similar to AGD than to AD cases. Ordered logistic regression analyses using all cases demonstrated that the strongest independent factor of GFA formation in the frontal cortex and striatum was the diagnosis of PSP, while that in the amygdala was AGD. The age was not significantly associated with GFA formation in any region. In GFAs in AGD cases, phosphorylation and conformational change of tau, Gallyas‐positive glial threads indistinguishable from those in tufted astrocytes, and the activation of autophagy occurred sequentially. Given these findings, AGD, PSP, AD and PART cases may show distinct distributions of GFAs, which may provide clues to predict the underlying processes of primary tauopathies. 相似文献
997.
998.
Akari Karaiwa Sohei Yamada Hodaka Yamamoto Mizuho Wakasa Hannosuke Ishijima Ryutaro Akiyama Yoichiroh Hosokawa Yasumasa Bessho Takaaki Matsui 《Genes to cells : devoted to molecular & cellular mechanisms》2020,25(8):582-592
Collective cell migration, in which cells assemble and move together, is an essential process in embryonic development, wound healing and cancer metastasis. Chemokine signaling guides cell assemblies to their destinations. In zebrafish posterior lateral line primordium (PLLP), a model system for collective cell migration, it has been proposed that the chemokine ligand Cxcl12a secreted from muscle pioneer cells (MPs) and muscle fast fibers (MFFs), which are distributed along with the horizontal midline, binds to the receptor Cxcr4b in PLLP and that Cxcl12a–Cxcr4b signaling guides the anterior‐to‐posterior migration of PLLP along the horizontal midline. However, how the surrounding tissues affect PLLP migration remains to be elucidated. Here, we investigated the relationship between the PLLP and the surrounding tissues and found that a furrow between the dorsal and ventral myotomes is generated by Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling‐dependent MP and MFF differentiation and that the PLLP migrates in this furrow. When transient inhibition of Shh signaling impaired both the furrow formation and differentiation of cxcl12a‐expressing MPs/MFFs, directional PLLP migration was severely perturbed. Furthermore, when differentiated MPs and MFFs were ablated by femtosecond laser irradiations, the furrow remained and PLLP migration was relatively unaffected. These results suggest that the furrow formation between the dorsal and ventral myotomes is associated with the migratory behavior of PLLP. 相似文献
999.
1000.
Hirotsugu Banno Kouji Kimura Yosuke Tanaka Hiromitsu Kitanaka Wanchun Jin Jun-ichi Wachino Keiko Yamada Keigo Shibayama Yoshichika Arakawa 《Journal of clinical microbiology》2014,52(6):2169-2171
We isolated and characterized three multidrug-resistant clinical isolates of group B streptococci with reduced penicillin susceptibility (PRGBS) that formed small non-beta-hemolytic colonies on sheep blood agar plates but grew well on chocolate agar plates. They can be overlooked in the bacterial identification step, leading to clinical misdiagnosis and treatment failure. 相似文献