轮叶党参提取物的生化作用

目的 研究轮叶党参提取成分抗血小板凝集、抗氧化及清除自由基的作用.方法 70%甲醇提取,分离成水相和正丁醇相,得到组份F1和F2.在分别加入F1和F2的条件下,按常规测定人血小板凝集率;在低密度脂蛋白的氧化反应体系中分别加入F1和F2,观察其抗氧化性;将F1和F2分别与一种稳定的自由基反应,观察其清除自由基的作用.结果 与对照组比较,F1有明显的降低血小板凝集率的作用(P＜0.01);F1和F2具有很强的抗氧化作用(P＜0.01);F1具有显著的清除自由基作用.结论 非水溶性组分F1具有显著的抗氧化和防止血栓形成的作用,而且其抗氧化作用可能通过清除自由基实现.F2也有相似的作用,但稍逊于F1的作用.     

Difference of Thrombus Location between Initial Noninvasive Vascular Image and First DSA Findings in Mechanical Thrombectomy for Intracranial Large Vessel Occlusion: Post Hoc Analysis of the SKIP Study

In patients who undergo mechanical thrombectomy for intracranial large vessel occlusion, the occluded site is sometimes distal to the site shown in the initial vascular imaging. We investigated the factors related to the change in the occluded site between the sequential imagings. The 203 patients in the SKIP study were reviewed retrospectively. Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) or computed tomography angiography (CTA) was used to assess the occluded site. The occluded site shown in the cerebral angiography appeared to be distal to the occluded site shown in the initial vascular imaging in 55 patients (group A). The location of the occluded site in the remaining 148 patients did not change between the sequential imagings (group B). MRA was used more often than CTA in group A (54 MRA, 1 CTA; P <0.01). Patients with middle cerebral artery (M1) occlusion were more likely to show change of the occluded site than patients with internal carotid artery (ICA) occlusion (M1: 38%, ICA: 9%; P <0.01). The number of patients who received intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator did not differ between the two groups (group A: 54%, group B: 49%; P = 0.5). In patients with acute intracranial large vessel occlusion who require mechanical thrombectomy, physicians should be aware that the location of the thrombus may be distal to the occluded site shown in the initial vascular imaging, particularly in patients with M1 occlusion shown by MRA.     

Modification of regional myocardial performance caused by blood withdrawal and infusion in acute ischaemic canine heart

The effect of changes in preload on regional myocardial motion in acute ischaemia was examined by miniature ultrasonic gauges after left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion in eight open chest dogs with the pericardium preserved. Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure was varied by blood withdrawal and infusion. When preload changed, isovolumetric shortening in the non-ischaemic region was inversely related to that in the ischaemic region. When preload decreased, stroke volume decreased and was accompanied by a decrease in end-diastolic length and ejection shortening in the non-ischaemic region together with an increase in isovolumetric bulging in the ischaemic region. When preload increased, these variables changed in opposite directions. These results indicate that in acute ischaemia: (1) changes in isovolumetric shortening in the non-ischaemic and ischaemic regions were related with each other when the level of volume expansion varied, and suggest that; (2) stroke volume is affected by end-diastolic length, ejection shortening in the non-ischaemic region and isovolumetric bulging in the ischemic region.     

大豆胚轴提取物对糖尿病大鼠血浆脂蛋白脂质过氧化的影响

[目的 ]研究大豆胚轴提取物对糖尿病大鼠血浆脂蛋白脂质过氧化的影响 .[方法 ]给GK/JclⅡ型糖尿病大鼠饲喂添加 10 0g/kg大豆胚轴提取物的饲料 2 0周 ,检测其血浆脂蛋白过氧化脂质含量 .血浆极低密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白和高密度脂蛋白的分离采用序列超速离心分离法 .[结果 ]长期食用大豆胚轴提取物的GK/Jcl糖尿病大鼠血浆总过氧化脂质和高密度脂蛋白过氧化脂质明显减少 ,低密度脂蛋白过氧化脂质表观水平有所下降 .[结论 ]大豆胚轴提取物显著降低糖尿病大鼠血浆总过氧化脂质和高密度脂蛋白过氧化脂质 ,对糖尿病及其并发症的发生和发展起有效的防治作用 .     

大豆胚轴提取物的降糖作用及其机制研究

目的: 研究大豆异黄酮(soybean isoflavones,SI)和皂甙(soyasaponins,SS)的降糖作用机制。方法: 普通饲料中添加20 g/kg富含SI和SS的大豆胚轴提取物(soybean hypocotyl extracts,SHE),饲喂Wistar正常大鼠和GK/Jcl(Goto-Kakizaki)2型糖尿病大鼠20 w,观察其血糖和葡萄糖耐量变化及对-葡萄糖苷酶和-淀粉酶的抑制活性。 结果: 长期食用SHE能显著降低2型糖尿病大鼠血糖水平,明显改善其葡萄糖耐量,同时能改善正常大鼠葡萄糖耐量。在糖尿病相关酶的抑制试验中,B类、E类和DDMP(2,3-dihydro-2,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one)皂甙显示很强的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性,其50%抑制浓度(IC50)值为10~40 mmol/L;异黄酮苷元也有很强的-葡萄糖苷酶抑制作用,其IC50值为20~150 mmol/L,异黄酮葡萄糖苷形式对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制活性则较弱。SI和SS还具有较弱的-淀粉酶抑制作用,浓度为1 g/L时,抑制率为10%~20%。结论: SHE具有降低糖尿病大鼠血糖水平和改善糖耐量的作用,其部分作用机制可能是通过SI和SS对 -葡萄糖苷酶和 -淀粉酶的抑制作用而实现的。     

The relationship between maximal jaw opening and size of skeleton: a cephalometric study

summary The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between maximal mouth opening and size of the skeleton. The subjects were dental students at the Dental School of the Health Sciences University of Hokkaido with no functional disorders of the masticatory system. The stature and maximal mouth opening were recorded in 29 males and 31 females. These subjects agreed to have a lateral cephalogram taken at the closed and maximal mouth opening positions. The correlations between the maximal mouth opening and the body height, mandibular length and mandibular angle were significant. The correlation between the maximal mouth opening and the movement of the condyle was also significant.     

Mucosal Spreading Depressed Type Colorectal Tumors: A Report of Two Cases

Abstract: Superficial depressed type colorectal carcinomas usually show invasion into the submucosa while the tumor is small, measuring less than 10 mm in diameter. We experienced two rare cases of superficial depressed type colorectal tumors of more than 15 mm in diameter which only displayed intramucosal spread. These two lesions showed a clearly depressed appearance on colonoscopy and in the resected specimens, which were different from creeping tumors. One of the lesions was histologically diagnosed as being well differentiated adenocarcinoma without submucosal invasion, and the other was an adenoma with severe atypia. Both lesions had no Ki-ras point mutation and this result was consistent with recent genetic studies on depressed type colorectal tumor. Based on these colonoscopic findings, a simple change in the quantity of air inside the lumen may effectively distinguish a depressed type tumor larger than 15 mm, which is limited to the mucosa, from one with submucosal invasion. Thus bowel resection can be avoided in such cases.