Invasive disease caused by Haemophilus influenzae: the sensitivity of statutory reporting

PURPOSE: The objective of the study was to investigate the sensitivity of the statutory reporting of Haemophilus influenzae invasive disease (HIID) during the period between 1996 and 1997 in Catalonia, Spain. METHODS: The incidence of HIID reported passively by clinicians was compared with the cases detected by a system of microbiological surveillance. In all cases isolated, the age of the patient, the clinical form and the serotype were investigated. RESULTS: Sixty-six cases were passively reported and 111 were detected by microbiological surveillance. Overall sensitivity of reporting was 59.5% (95% CI, 50.7-69.1), with differences being observed according to the variables studied. The highest values were obtained in children under 5 years (87.8%; 95% CI, 73.7-95.9), in cases with meningitis and/or sepsis (64.3%; 95% CI, 50.4-76.6) and in serotype b (73.0%; 95% CI, 60.3-83.4). In the logistical regression analysis, only age under 5 years was associated with greater reporting (OR= 9.8; 95% CI, 2.5-37.8). CONCLUSIONS: Reported morbidity in children under 5 years is a good estimate of the true incidence of HIID in Catalonia (underreporting was 12.2%), but not for those above this age in whom the underreporting was 57.2%.     

中医药抄本总合与类分

对《全国中医图书联合目录》中医药抄本进行梳理。总量为5083种,其中未刻抄本3928种,已属孤本的有3623部;清末前抄本1288种,其中未刻抄本924种;日本抄本227种,其中未刻抄本141种（清末前日本抄本71种,其中未刻抄本48种）。统计收藏中医药抄本种量前10位的国内图书馆,其中中国中医研究院与上海中医药大学的馆藏量合计约占全部抄本总量的45％。     

Future directions for the integrated CSFII-NHANES: What We Eat in America-NHANES

The history of the integration of the dietary data collection from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (CSFII) is reviewed. The purposes and process of the workshop are presented. The three key topics of the workshop are summarized. The key roles of cosponsors and participants are acknowledged.     

老年住院病人5702例患病情况调查

对青岛市市立医院１９９３年１月～１９９４年１２月收治５７０２例５５岁以上老年住院病人的疾病进行调查统计分析。结果如下：（一）患病率最高的五类疾病依次为：循环系统疾病、肿瘤、消化系统疾病、神经系统疾病、内分泌系统疾病。（二）冠心病、脑血管病、慢性支气管炎、心肌梗塞的患病率随着年龄增高而增加，高脂血症、慢性胃炎随年龄的增高而减少。（三）老年人常见的恶性肿瘤为胃癌、肺癌、肝癌。（四）老年人死亡率最高的是脑血管病，其次为冠心病、肝癌。     

内蒙古、山西、陕西大学生心理健康状况比较研究

目的是了解内蒙古自治区、山西省、陕西省大学生心理健康状况并进行比较研究．采用SCL-90量表对照分析．结果三省区大学生SCL-90各因子分均值都高于全国常模，内蒙古各因子分均值都高于山西省，躯体化、强迫、焦虑、敌对、偏执和精神病性因子均值又高于陕西省，除抑郁因子外，山西与陕西各因子均值无显显差异．内蒙古男女生各因子均值对应都高于山西省男女生各因子均值．结论：内蒙古大学生心理健康状况差于其他两省，强迫、人际敏感、抑郁、偏执是大学生共同存在的主要心理问题．     

利培酮与氯氮平治疗首发精神分裂症的对照研究

目的：比较利培酮和氯氮平治疗首发精神分裂症的有效性和安全性。方法：６０例ＢＰＲＳ总分≥４０分,符合ＣＣＭＤ－２－Ｒ精神分裂症诊断标准的患者,随机分为两组进行对照研究,分别给予利培酮和氯氮平口服治疗,以ＢＰＲＳ减分率为疗效评定指标,以ＴＥＳＳ评价副反应指标。结果：利培酮治疗首发精神分裂症疗效肯定,８周末有效率为９０％,与氯氮平相仿。利培酮在治疗１周后起效,焦虑、抑郁和迟滞等症状群起效更早,明显早于氯氮平。剂量较小者锥体外系副反应轻,其它不良副反应发生率和严重程度均较氯氮平少而轻。结论：利培酮是治疗精神分裂症有效、安全的一线抗精神病药物     

High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of creatinine

A high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for creatinine has been developed. The method is based on ion-pair chromatography. The method is precise and easy to perform. Recoveries from enriched sera were from 98-105% with a mean of 100.5%. At 28 mumol l-1, 52 mumol l-1 and 487 mumol l-1 within-series standard deviations of 2 mumol l-1, 2 mumol l-1 and 10 mumol l-1, respectively were obtained. At 102 mumol l-1 among-series standard deviation of 6 mumol l-1 was obtained. Comparisons between HPLC and autoanalyser (Jaffé reaction) methods showed that the autoanalyser plasma and serum results, which are known to be sensitive to 'pseudocreatinines', varied between 93-217% of the HPLC results. Comparisons between HPLC, autoanalyser and enzymatic methods showed that the methods agree well for urine samples. The method presented appears suitable as a secondary reference method.     

姚真敏教授临证经验撷英

姚真敏教授临床经验丰富 ,擅长内科及老年病的诊治 ,疗效卓著。本文介绍其对老年痴呆症、中风后遗症、胸痹症、脏躁症、痹症、水疝症等的独到诊治经验。