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31.
Chronic diarrhoea after radiotherapy for gynaecological cancer: occurrence and aetiology. 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5 下载免费PDF全文
The occurrence of chronic diarrhoea was evaluated in 173 consecutive patients previously treated with radiation for gynaecological cancer. A survey of gastrointestinal symptoms showed a high frequency of diarrhoea; 13% of the patients had 21 or more bowel movements a week and 3% had 28 or more. Significantly more patients who had a cholecystectomy were in the group with diarrhoea (chi 2 = 6.26; p less than 0.02). Twenty patients with chronic or intermittent diarrhoea were subject to extended gastrointestinal investigation. Bile acid malabsorption was evaluated by the 75Selenahomocholic acid-taurine test (SeHCAT). Bile acid malabsorption was found in 13 (65%) of the 20 patients further investigated, of whom seven had extremely low whole body retention values, which is consistent with severe malabsorption. The results suggest that bile acid malabsorption is a common cause of diarrhoea after radiation treatment for gynaecological cancer. Bacterial contamination was diagnosed in nine patients (45%) by the [14C]-D-xylose breath test or by the cholyl-[14C]-glycine breath test in combination with a normal test for bile acid malabsorption. All patients with vitamin B-12 deficiency, who were tested for bile acid malabsorption, had low retention times for the SeHCAT (p = 0.05). A significant decline in the frequency of diarrhoea was found after treatment with antibiotics or bile acid sequestrants, or both, in combination with a reduced fat diet. 相似文献
32.
Lovejoy TI Heckman TG Sikkema KJ Hansen NB Kochman A Suhr JA Garske JP Johnson CJ 《AIDS and behavior》2008,12(6):943-956
This study characterized rates of sexual activity and identified psychosocial and behavioral correlates of sexual activity
and condom use in a metropolitan sample of 290 HIV-infected adults 50-plus years of age. Thirty-eight percent of participants
were sexually active in the past three months, 33% of whom had at least one occasion of anal or vaginal intercourse that was
not condom protected. Rates and correlates of sexual activity and condom use differed between gay/bisexual men, heterosexual
men, and heterosexual women. In the past three months, 72% of heterosexual men were sexually active compared to only 36% of
gay/bisexual men and 21% of heterosexual women. However, among sexually active persons, only 27% of heterosexual men reported
inconsistent condom use compared to 37% of gay/bisexual men and 35% of heterosexual women. As the number of older adults living
with HIV/AIDS in the U.S. continues to increase, age-appropriate secondary risk-reduction interventions are urgently needed. 相似文献
33.
Urban Hellman Flora Alarcon Hans-Erik Lundgren Ole B. Suhr Catherine Bonaiti-PelliÉ Violaine Planté-Bordeneuve 《Amyloid》2013,20(3):181-186
Transthyretin (TTR) familial amyloid polyneuropathies (FAP) are autosomal dominant devastating afflictions. They were first described in Portugal, later in Japan and Sweden and are now recognized worldwide. The TTR Val30Met mutation is the most common, and depending on the geographic origin, a wide variation in age at onset of the disease is observed. In Europe, northern Sweden is the second most prevalent area of the disease, and a late age of onset of 56 years has been reported. The present study aims to estimate the penetrance in TTR Val30Met Swedish families. Genealogical investigations, clinical data and genotyping were obtained in 77 TTR-Val30Met Swedish families. The penetrance in Val30Met carriers and variation within the endemic area, according to gender and transmitting parents were calculated by a newly developed bias-free method. The penetrance estimates were low, i.e. 1.7% and 22% at age 30 and 60 years, respectively, and far from complete (69%) by age 90 years. Differences between Piteå and Skellefteå regions were observed. Moreover, penetrance was significantly higher when the mutation was inherited from the mother than from the father. The low penetrance observed in TTR FAP kindreds and its variations is important information for the genetic counseling and treatment of Swedish FAP patients and their families. 相似文献
34.
Dr Gösta Holmgren Urban Hellman Jenni Jonasson Hans-eric Lundgren Per Westermark Ole B. Suhr 《Amyloid》2013,20(3):189-192
Familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy (FAP) designates TTR mutations where the phenotype is dominated by a peripheral sensory-motor polyneuropathy. The most common mutation is ATTR Val30Met. FAP in association with ATTR Phe33Leu has been described previously in two American families, one of Polish–Lithuanian descent and the other of Polish–American. In this study, we report the phenotype of the ATTR Phe33Leu in a Swedish family. The proband is a 48 year-old patient from northern Sweden, whose father died with symptoms suggestive of FAP. Characteristic clinical features included polyneuropathy, carpal tunnel syndrome and asymptomatic, but echocardiographic examination diagnosed cardiomyopathy. The family history supports an early intervention with orthotopic liver transplantation in patients with FAP associated with the TTR Phe33Leu, and the patient was submitted for liver transplantation. 相似文献
35.
Hai Vothi Chowon Kim TanBinh Nguyen Jinwoo Lee Lan-Anh T. Nguyen Jonghwan Suhr 《RSC advances》2023,13(8):5219
An aluminum methylmethoxyphosphonate (AlPo)-based flame retardant (FR) was synthesized. Thermal degradation and flame retardancy of nylon 6 (PA6)/AlPo composites were examined and compared with PA6/commercial aluminum diethylphosphinate (AlPi) composites. The PA6/AlPo composite achieved a V-0 rating at 20 wt% loading during the UL-94 test, and it exhibited the formation of a charred layer that protected the polymer from burning and reduced the release of gases during the combustion of PA6. AlPo demonstrated exceptional performance in gaseous and condensed phases in the PA6 matrix, whereas AlPi only worked in the gaseous phase. The differences between the thermal degradation mechanisms and flame retardancies of AlPi and AlPo were investigated via Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and cone calorimetry. A suitable degradation mechanism was proposed to aid the development of flame retardants in the future.Synthesis scheme of aluminum methylmethoxyphosphonate (AlPo). 相似文献
36.
37.
SP Attard-Montalto C Camacho-Hübner AM Cotterill L D'Souza-Li S Daley K Bartlett D Halliday OB Eden 《Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)》1998,87(1):54-60
Changes in insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs) were correlated with protein synthesis and breakdown using [1- 13C]leucine before chemotherapy and during subsequent febrile neutropenia (FN) in eight children with cancer, aged 6.3–17.5 y. IGF-I levels were similar to age-matched controls before chemotherapy (mean ±SEM: 250 ±28 and 228 ±22 μg l-1, respectively). During FN, IGF-I fell to 156 ±22 /ng l -1(p= 0:02), and rose to 276 ±27 μ g l -1 with recovery at 6 months (p = 0:004). Similarly, IGFBP-3 decreased from 4.0 ±0.2mgl-1 before chemotherapy to 3.0 ±0.3 mgl-1 during FN (p= 0:01), and returned to 4.1 ±0.2mgl -1 at 6 months (p= 0:01). IGF-I correlated with IGFBP-3 (r=+0:7, p <0:001). Scanning densitometry showed a decrease in IGFBP-3 from 94 to 54% during FN, when the presence of IGFBP-3 protease activity was observed. Compared with normal human serum, IGFBP-2 was elevated throughout the study. IGFBP-1 increased from 14.6 ±3.5 to 30.6 ±2.8/ngl-1 (p = 0:004), whereas serum insulin decreased from 26.5 ±6.8 to 7.8 ±0.8 mUl-1 (p= 0:03) before and during FN, respectively. Whilst IGF-I and IGFBP-3 fell, daytime growth hormone increased from 3.3 ±0.6 to 6.7±0.8mUl -1 (p= 0:01), and cortisol from 197 ±48 to 594±98nmoll -1 (p = 0:005). Albumin decreased from 47 ±2 to 38 ±2gl-1 (p= 0:004) and improved to 47 ±2gl-1 with recovery (p= 0:003). Protein synthesis increased from 4.5 ±0.4 to 5.0 ±0.6gkg-1 d-1 before chemotherapy and during FN, while protein breakdown rose from 5.4 ±0.4 to 6.3 ±0.4kg-1d-1. Increasing protein breakdown was related to falling IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels. Modification of IGFBP-3 by circulating proteolytic activity may alter IGF bioavailability, allowing protein synthesis to increase during periods of severe catabolic stress. 相似文献
38.
E Hesketh OB Eden HR Gattamaneni RHA Campbell MEM Jenney L Lashford 《Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)》1998,87(4):452-454
Four children with spinal cord compression due to malignant tumours are presented. The severity of the condition was not initially recognized by parents, or the nature of the likely cause by the initial physicians. Lower limb asymmetrical weakness, clear-cut sensory levels, and marked pain indicate need for urgent imaging and exclusion of a space occupying lesion. In 1997 diagnosis of Guillain-Barré syndrome should not be made without careful prior spinal imaging. 相似文献
39.
The release of certain cytokines, e.g. tumour necrosis factor (TNF)- alpha,
in the amniotic fluid has been suggested to be a cause of preterm birth.
The predisposition to excessive liberation of cytokines from peripheral
leukocytes has been shown to depend partly on the individual's HLA-DR
genotype. The HLA-DR1 and -DR3 alleles have previously been reported as
being associated with a TNF-alpha high responder status and have also been
associated with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortions. In the present
study, HLA-DR typing was performed in 10 women who had experienced
recurrent very early preterm births resulting in perinatal death, or late
spontaneous abortions under a clinical picture resembling that
traditionally attributed to cervical incompetence. All patients had had at
least one mid-trimester miscarriage in spite of the insertion of a cervical
cerclage. Nine out of 10 (90%) patients had the HLA-DR phenotypes DR1
and/or DR3 compared with 37% in the background population (P < 0.005).
The results suggest that HLA-DR-associated immunological factors might play
a part in recurrent late spontaneous abortions and extremely preterm births
under a cervical incompetence-like picture, at least in the subset of cases
not treatable by cervical cerclage.
相似文献
40.
This study investigated the dental health of children (aged 1-14 years) diagnosed with cancer 4-36 months earlier. Sixty patients were examined and interviewed; 43% had untreated decay and only 35% had seen a dentist since their malignancy had been diagnosed. A significant source of bacterial infection is not being treated in this at risk population. The level of dental disease and lack of dental prevention indicates a need to integrate medical and dental care. 相似文献