全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3151篇 |
免费 | 191篇 |
国内免费 | 10篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 85篇 |
儿科学 | 69篇 |
妇产科学 | 22篇 |
基础医学 | 489篇 |
口腔科学 | 52篇 |
临床医学 | 205篇 |
内科学 | 846篇 |
皮肤病学 | 171篇 |
神经病学 | 238篇 |
特种医学 | 94篇 |
外科学 | 435篇 |
综合类 | 15篇 |
预防医学 | 93篇 |
眼科学 | 51篇 |
药学 | 206篇 |
中国医学 | 8篇 |
肿瘤学 | 273篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 23篇 |
2021年 | 52篇 |
2020年 | 25篇 |
2019年 | 37篇 |
2018年 | 77篇 |
2017年 | 51篇 |
2016年 | 47篇 |
2015年 | 56篇 |
2014年 | 69篇 |
2013年 | 71篇 |
2012年 | 118篇 |
2011年 | 138篇 |
2010年 | 76篇 |
2009年 | 83篇 |
2008年 | 132篇 |
2007年 | 150篇 |
2006年 | 146篇 |
2005年 | 148篇 |
2004年 | 149篇 |
2003年 | 139篇 |
2002年 | 144篇 |
2001年 | 117篇 |
2000年 | 106篇 |
1999年 | 106篇 |
1998年 | 36篇 |
1997年 | 27篇 |
1996年 | 26篇 |
1995年 | 30篇 |
1994年 | 27篇 |
1993年 | 21篇 |
1992年 | 67篇 |
1991年 | 66篇 |
1990年 | 50篇 |
1989年 | 51篇 |
1988年 | 49篇 |
1987年 | 52篇 |
1986年 | 43篇 |
1985年 | 54篇 |
1984年 | 38篇 |
1983年 | 24篇 |
1982年 | 21篇 |
1980年 | 28篇 |
1979年 | 38篇 |
1978年 | 24篇 |
1972年 | 30篇 |
1971年 | 24篇 |
1970年 | 40篇 |
1969年 | 28篇 |
1968年 | 28篇 |
1966年 | 24篇 |
排序方式: 共有3352条查询结果,搜索用时 312 毫秒
41.
Effects of endurance training on myosin heavy-chain isoforms and enzyme activity in the rat diaphragm 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Takao Sugiura Akio Morimoto Naotoshi Murakami 《Pflügers Archiv : European journal of physiology》1992,421(1):77-81
We investigated the effects of endurance training (20 m/min, 60 min/day, 5 days/week) on myosin heavy-chain (MHC) isoforms and succinic dehydrogenase (SDH) activity in rat crural and costal diaphragms, and plantaris muscles. Although the 4-week endurance training produced significant (P<0.05) increases, both in SDH activity and the percentage of isoform HCIIa in the plantaris of the trained rat compared with the sedentary control rat, these alterations did not occur in either the crural or costal diaphragms. After 10 weeks of endurance training, trained animals had significantly (P<0.05) higher SDH activity in the costal diaphragm and the plantaris. Moreover, a significant (P<0.05) decrease occurred in the percentage of HCIIb in the costal diaphragm, and a significant (P<0.01) decrease in the percentage of HCIIb concomitant with a significant (P<0.05) increase of HCIIa resulted in the plantaris. However, the crural diaphragm did not show any significant changes after 10 weeks of endurance training. These results indicate that endurance training induces an alteration in the expression of an MHC phenotype, in addition to causing an increase in oxidative enzyme activity. However, the alterations in response to endurance training are apparently not uniform, varying between regions and/or kinds of muscles. 相似文献
42.
Kiyoshi Tanabayashi Kaoru Takeuchi Michiko Hishiyama Akio Yamada Akira Sugiura 《Virus genes》1990,3(4):361-365
The nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding the matrix (M) protein of mumps virus (MuV), Miyahara strain, has been determined from several overlapping cDNA clones. The M protein mRNA is 1248 nucleotides in length, exclusive of the poly(A) tail, and codes for a protein of 375 amino acids (Mr41,556). Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence of the M protein of the Miyahara strain with that of the SBL-1 strain revealed that the M proteins of both strains are highly conserved. A significantly lower rate of nucleotide differences conducive to amino acid differences in the M gene compared with other genes appeared to indicate the importance of the conserved primary structure of the M protein for its function.Requests for reprints should be addressed to Kiyoshi Tanabayashi, Department of Measles Virus, National Institute of Health, 4-7-1 Gakuen, Musashimurayama, Tokyo 190-12, Japan. 相似文献
43.
F Nakanishi M Sugiishi T Ogasawara I Sugiura T Kinoshita Y Ito A Hoshino 《Gan to kagaku ryoho. Cancer & chemotherapy》1985,12(6):1339-1344
Twenty-two patients with advanced adenocarcinoma of the lung were treated with the combination chemotherapy "EACAM" consisting of cyclophosphamide (333mg/m2 X 1), adriamycin (27mg/m2 X 1), cisplatin (25mg X 5), nimustine (33mg/m2 X 1), and methotrexate (27mg/m2 X 3). This regimen was repeated once every 4 or 5 weeks. One complete response (CR) and 8 partial responses (PR) were obtained in 21 evaluable patients and the response rate was 42.9%. It has not been possible to calculate the median survival time for all of the evaluable cases, since 13 of them are still alive up to the present time. The side effects observes were as follows: nausea and vomiting (81.8%), alopecia (81.8%), stomatitis (22.7%), leukocytopenia less than 2,000/mm3 (45.5%), and thrombocytopenia less than 5 X 10(4)/mm3 (18.2%). Apart from strong myelosuppression, no severe infection or bleeding tendency was noticed. A mild elevation of serum createnine was observed in one patient, and no patients developed renal insufficiency. The combination chemotherapy "EACAM" is therefore considered to be a very effective and tolerable treatment for adenocarcinoma of the lung. 相似文献
44.
Goto Y Takahashi K Harada J Sugiura Y Aso K Takanami C Nakajima K Yagi Y Urano H 《Journal of anesthesia》1987,1(2):178-182
Concerning the classification of ventilators, Elam (1958), Faireley (1959), and Hunter (1961) reported some simple ones such as pressure limited, volume limited, pressure preset, or volume preset models. Mapleson (1969) also classified them by the generating force or cycling together with the above-mentioned types.The latest ventilators applicable to patients with respiratory failure usually have some cut-off function at high airway pressures as a safety measure. Therefore, all of them belong to the pressure limited type. Some ventilators are of two types such as the time cycled and pressure cycled type.Therefore, we attempted to classify ventilators into four groups, i.e. the time cycled, volume cycled, pressure cycled and selective time-pressure cycled types according to the fundamental mode of ventilator function, the so-called change of cycling from inspiration to expiration. Each group was further divided into subgroups according to preset dials such as respiratory rate, I/E ratio, inspiration time, expiration time, tidal volume, flow rate and airway pressure.By this method, fifty one ventilators on the market in Japan can be classified without overlapping. Although this classification seems complex, it will be of use in selecting ventilators by emphasizing preset dials according to the users needs, ability or both.(Goto Y, Takahashi K, Harada J et al.: A consideration on the new classification of latest lung ventilators. J Anesth 1: 178–182, 1987) 相似文献
45.
Yusuke Kubo Masae Ikeya Shuhei Sugiyama Rie Takachu Maki Tanaka Takeshi Sugiura Kaori Kobori Makoto Kobori 《Nutrients》2021,13(6)
Quadriceps muscle atrophy following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) can be caused by tourniquet-induced ischemia–reperfusion (IR) injury, which is often accompanied by oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs), such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), exert antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects against IR injury, whereas n-6 LCPUFAs, particularly arachidonic acid (AA), exhibit pro-inflammatory effects and promote IR injury. This study aimed to examine whether preoperative serum EPA + DHA levels and the (EPA + DHA)/AA ratio are associated with oxidative stress immediately after TKA. Fourteen eligible patients with knee osteoarthritis scheduled for unilateral TKA participated in this study. The levels of serum EPA, DHA, and AA were measured immediately before surgery. Derivatives of reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROMs) were used as biomarkers for oxidative stress. The preoperative serum EPA + DHA levels and the (EPA + DHA)/AA ratio were found to be significantly negatively correlated with the serum d-ROM levels at 96 h after surgery, and the rate of increase in serum d-ROM levels between baseline and 96 h postoperatively. This study suggested the preoperative serum EPA + DHA levels and the (EPA + DHA)/AA ratio can be negatively associated with oxidative stress immediately after TKA. 相似文献
46.
The removal of brain stem arteriovenous malformations is one of the most challenging problems in neurosurgery. The authors report a successful total removal of an arteriovenous malformation situated in the middle cerebellar peduncle, which was embedded in the floor of the fourth ventricle. The importance of dissection "flush" with coils of an arteriovenous malformation is stressed. 相似文献
47.
Tomomi Yamaguchi Shujiro Hayashi Daisuke Hayashi Takeshi Matsuyama Norimichi Koitabashi Kenichi Ogiwara Masaaki Noda Chiai Nakada Shinya Fujiki Akira Furutachi Yasuhiko Tanabe Michiko Yamanaka Aki Ishikawa Miyako Mizukami Asako Mizuguchi Kazumitsu Sugiura Makoto Sumi Hirokuni Yamazawa Atsushi Izawa Yuko Wada Tomomi Fujikawa Yuri Takiguchi Keiko Wakui Kyoko Takano Shin-Ya Nishio Tomoki Kosho 《American journal of medical genetics. Part A》2023,191(1):37-51
Vascular Ehlers–Danlos syndrome (vEDS) is a hereditary connective tissue disorder (HCTD) characterized by arterial dissection/aneurysm/rupture, sigmoid colon rupture, or uterine rupture. Diagnosis is confirmed by detecting heterozygous variants in COL3A1. This is the largest Asian case series and the first to apply an amplification-based next-generation sequencing through custom panels of causative genes for HCTDs, including a specific method of evaluating copy number variations. Among 429 patients with suspected HCTDs analyzed, 101 were suspected to have vEDS, and 33 of them (32.4%) were found to have COL3A1 variants. Two patients with a clinical diagnosis of Loeys–Dietz syndrome and/or familial thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection were also found to have COL3A1 variants. Twenty cases (57.1%) had missense variants leading to glycine (Gly) substitutions in the triple helical domain, one (2.9%) had a missense variant leading to non-Gly substitution in this domain, eight (22.9%) had splice site alterations, three (8.6%) had nonsense variants, two (5.7%) had in-frame deletions, and one (2.9%) had a multi-exon deletion, including two deceased patients analyzed with formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded samples. This is a clinically useful system to detect a wide spectrum of variants from various types of samples. 相似文献
48.
Yoshie Sugiura Andreas Woppmann George P. Miljanich Chien -Ping Ko 《Journal of neurocytology》1995,24(1):15-27
Summary Voltage-sensitive Ca2+ channels are essential to transmitter release at the chemical synapse. To demonstrate the localization of voltage-sensitive Ca2+ channels in relation to the site of transmitter release, mouse neuromuscular junctions were double-labelled with -bungarotoxin and a novel voltage-sensitive Ca2+ channel probe, SNX-260, a synthetic analog of -conopeptide MVIIC. Similar to -conopeptide MVIIC, biotinylated SNX-260 blocked nerve-stimulated transmitter release at the mouse neuromuscular junction. Fluorescently-tagged biotinylated SNX-260 labelled the nerve terminal which appeared thinner than and was outlined by acetylcholine receptor clusters as seen inen face view. This SNX-260 labelling was inhibited by preincubation with unconjugated SNX-260. Side-views of the neuromuscular junction indicated that the SNX-260 labelling was on the synaptic side facing the acetylcholine receptor rather than on the nonsynaptic side of the nerve terminal. This presynaptic binding was confirmed by the absence of SNX-260 labelling in denervated muscles following a nerve cut or disjunction after collagenase treatment. Confocal microscopy revealed spots of SNX-260 labelling that may correlate with active zones. The SNX-260 labelling pattern was not affected by preincubation with unconjugated SNX-111 (-conopeptide MVIIA), an N-type voltage-sensitive Ca2+ channel blocker. These findings suggest that SNX-260 is a novel probe for localizing non-N type voltage-sensitive Ca2+ channels and that these voltage-sensitive Ca2+ channels are localized near the transmitter release sites at the mammalian motor nerve terminal membrane. The results are consistent with the suggestion that non-N, probably P/Q type voltage-sensitive Ca2+ channels mediate evoked transmitter release at the mammalian neuromuscular junction. 相似文献
49.
PCNA immunostaining combined with AgNOR staining in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma to identify patients with a poor prognosis 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Yoshihisa Morisaki Shingo Shima Yutaka Yoshizumi Yoshiaki Sugiura Susumu Tanaka Seiichi Tamai 《Surgery today》1995,25(5):389-395
Immunostaining of the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) provides important information about cell kinetics and is easily performed on routinely obtained formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded materials. We report herein the results of a retrospective study on PCNA staining in esophageal cancer undertaken to determine its significance. As this study indicated that immunoreactivity was preserved in specimens fixed within 24 h, only 31 specimens from surgical patients were available for this investigation. The mean PCNA index of the patients without invasion to the adventitia (35.7±17.9) was significantly lower than that of those with invasion to the adventitia or neighboring structures (49.7±14.5), while the PCNA index did not correlate with other clinicopathologic parameters such as histologic type, lymph node metastases, or prognosis. However, when an analysis of PCNA staining was combined with an analysis of argyrophilic nucleolar organizer region (AgNOR) staining, a correlation with prognosis was found. In fact, seven patients with a high PCNA index (44) and AgNOR count (6) had a significantly poorer prognosis than the remaining 22 (P=0.0014), and six of these seven patients died within 2 years. These results indicate that this combined evaluation may be useful for the identification of patients with a poor prognosis among those undergoing surgery for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. 相似文献
50.
An 18-year-old Japanese boy and a 10-year-old Chinese boy both had nearly complete cutaneous syndactyly of the fingers and toes, six diphalangeal fingers on each hand, six toes on each foot (except the right foot of patient 2), and short, deformed, and on occasion partially fused metacarpals and metatarsals. Neither had other malformations and were of normal intelligence. The accessory toes in patient 1 were mesoaxial, each situated between the hallux and the third toe, whereas those in patient 2 were postaxial. In view of these findings, the disorder in 2 individuals is likely to represent a hitherto undescribed type of nonsyndromic synpolydactyly. 相似文献