本科护生不确定压力与职业自我效能的相关性研究

目的探讨本科护生职业自我效能的现状,分析不确定压力对护生职业自我效能的影响。方法采取整群便利抽样法,2020年4月10—17日,选取浙江省4所高校1526名护理本科生为研究对象。采用护生一般情况问卷、护生职业自我效能问卷(PSQNS)及不确定压力问卷对其进行横断面调查。采用多重线性回归分析护生职业自我效能的影响因素。共发放问卷1526份,回收有效问卷1474份,有效回收率为96.6%。结果1474名本科护生PSQNS总分为(91.10±14.11)分,条目均分为(3.37±0.52)分,得分率为67.48%,处于中等水平。多重线性回归分析结果显示,护理专业喜爱程度、不确定压力、在校学业成绩、选择护理专业原因及家庭经济状况是本科护生职业自我效能的影响因素(P<0.05),可解释33.4%的变异。结论本科护生的职业自我效能有待提升;护理教育者可以通过降低护生的不确定压力,提高其职业自我效能。     

全程管理模式在健康体检骨质疏松高危人群随访中的应用效果

目的探讨全程管理模式在健康体检骨质疏松高危人群随访中的应用效果。方法选取2020年1月至2020年6月本院所接收骨质疏松高危人群健康体检者96例进行研究,以抽签法将受检者分为对照组、观察组,48例为一组,对照组接受常规体检护理,观察组于对照组护理方案上加施全程管理模式,并于2020年7月至2020年12月对两组进行追踪随访,比较其自护能力、骨密度、骨质疏松发生率。结果干预前两组自我护理能力测定表(ESCA)评分无明显差异(P>0.05),干预后6个月观察组自我概念、自我责任感、自护技能及健康知识水平评分均较对照组高(P<0.05);干预前两组跟骨骨密度无明显差异(P>0.05),干预后6个月观察组跟骨骨密度均较对照组高(P<0.05);随访6个月观察组骨质疏松发生率为10.42%,较对照组29.17%低(P<0.05)。结论全程管理模式用于骨质疏松高危人群健康体检中,不仅可提高受检者自护能力及骨密度,还能降低骨质疏松发生率。     

Functional photoacoustic/ultrasound imaging for the assessment of breast intraductal lesions: preliminary clinical findings

This study aimed to identify features of breast intraductal lesions in photoacoustic/ultrasound (PA/US) imaging and compare PA/US with color Doppler flow/ultrasound (CDFI/US) in the evaluation of breast intraductal lesions. In the nine patients with 10 breast intraductal lesions and 8 patients with 8 benign lesions, total vessel scores evaluated from PA/US are significantly greater than those from CDFI/US (p=0.005). PA internal vessel scores and oxygen saturation (SO₂) score are significantly increased in breast intraductal lesions than in benign lesions (p=0.016, p=0.006). With a cutoff PA score (sum of PA internal vessel score and SO₂ score) of 2.5, we obtained a sensitivity of 90% and a specificity of 87.5% in differentiation of two groups. PA/US upgraded 40% of breast intraductal lesions, and downgraded 50% of benign lesions from the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System grading results based on CDFI/US. PA/US functional imaging has the potential in differentiating breast intraductal lesions.     

Multi-scale GCN-assisted two-stage network for joint segmentation of retinal layers and discs in peripapillary OCT images

An accurate and automated tissue segmentation algorithm for retinal optical coherence tomography (OCT) images is crucial for the diagnosis of glaucoma. However, due to the presence of the optic disc, the anatomical structure of the peripapillary region of the retina is complicated and is challenging for segmentation. To address this issue, we develop a novel graph convolutional network (GCN)-assisted two-stage framework to simultaneously label the nine retinal layers and the optic disc. Specifically, a multi-scale global reasoning module is inserted between the encoder and decoder of a U-shape neural network to exploit anatomical prior knowledge and perform spatial reasoning. We conduct experiments on human peripapillary retinal OCT images. We also provide public access to the collected dataset, which might contribute to the research in the field of biomedical image processing. The Dice score of the proposed segmentation network is 0.820 ± 0.001 and the pixel accuracy is 0.830 ± 0.002, both of which outperform those from other state-of-the-art techniques.     

中华口腔医学杂志2019口腔种植学术研讨会——并发症及风险防控会议纪要

由《中华口腔医学杂志》编委会和中华口腔医学会共同主办的"中华口腔医学杂志2019口腔种植学术研讨会——并发症及风险防控"于2019年11月23至24日在广东省珠海市粤海酒店召开。本次研讨会分为牙周与种植并发症、修复设计与机械并发症、无牙颌的种植并发症以及上颌窦与骨增量并发症共4个版块,每个版块由专家主题演讲和专题讨论相结合,对各种种植并发症和风险问题进行集中研讨和辩论,对一些种植并发症及风险问题形成初步共识,以指导临床工作。     

NMDA Receptor Modulates Spinal Iron Accumulation Via Activating DMT1(-)IRE in Remifentanil-Induced Hyperalgesia

N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor activation is known to be critical in remifentanil-induced hyperalgesia. Evidence indicates that iron accumulation participates in NMDA neurotoxicity. This study aims to investigate the role of iron accumulation in remifentanil-induced hyperalgesia. Remifentanil was delivered intravenously in rats to induce hyperalgesia. The NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801 was intrathecally administrated. The levels of divalent metal transporter 1 without iron-responsive element [DMT1(-)IRE] and iron were detected. Behavior testing was performed in DMT1(-)IRE knockdown rats and rats treated with iron chelator DFO. Meanwhile, the spinal dorsal horn neurons were cultured and transfected with DMT1(-)IRE siRNA, and then respectively incubated with remifentanil and MK-801. The levels of intracellular Ca²⁺ and iron were assessed by fluorescence imaging. Our data revealed that spinal DMT1(-)IRE and iron content significantly increased in remifentanil-treated rats, and MK-801 inhibited the enhancements. DMT1(-)IRE knockdown and DFO prevented against remifentanil-induced hyperalgesia. Notably, the levels of Ca²⁺ and iron increased in remifentanil-incubated neurons, and these growths can be blocked by MK-801. DMT1(-)IRE knockdown attenuated iron accumulation but did not influence Ca²⁺ influx. This study suggests that DMT1(-)IRE-mediated iron accumulation is likely to be the downstream event following NMDA receptor activation and Ca²⁺ influx, contributing to remifentanil-induced hyperalgesia.PerspectiveRemifentanil-induced hyperalgesia is common even when used within clinical accepted doses. This study presents that aberrant iron accumulation is involved in the development of remifentanil-induced hyperalgesia in vivo and in vitro. Iron chelation may be a potential therapeutic strategy for the prevention of hyperalgesia in populations at high risk.