Influence of electromagnetic fields on the electrical activity of rabbit cerebral cortex

Summary The effect of electromagnetic fields on the bioelectric activity of cerebral cortex was investigated on 98 rabbits. As established, the electromagnetic field provokes signal changes in the electroencephalogram: Increased intensity of the magnetic field raises the reaction of the cerebral cortex. Exclusion of various receptor fields (of hearing, vision, smell, vestibular apparatus) had no effect on the reaction of the brain to the action of the electromagnetic field. This led to a suggestion on the possibility of direct action of electromagnetic fields on the brain.Reported at the Conference on Problems of the Electrophysiology of the Central Nervous System, Moscow, 1958.(Presented by Active Member AMN SSSR V. V. Parin) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny Vol. 49, No. 5, pp. 63–67, May, 1960     

Vein graft in toe to hand transfers

These authors describe indications, techniques, short- and long-term results of toe to hand transfers using the vein grafts. 145 toe to hand transfers were performed in 115 patients. Fifty cases necessitated 44 vein grafts in 37 patients; there were 41 vein to artery and 3 vein to vein grafts carried out. The grafts were used to bridge defects of a vessel over 55 mm (usually in patients with heavy posttraumatic scar formation and/or distrophic changes resulting from burns and frost-bite in the vessel stumps, or in the main vessel nourishing the transplant), both in primary surgery and in re-operation following the resection of the thrombosed microanastomosis. Success was achieved in 28 patients who underwent primary interposition of vein grafts, with 34 survivals (90%) of 38 transferred toes. That exceeded the average survival rate of 84%. In 9 patients vein grafting of arteries followed the resection of the thrombosed microanastomoses and resulted in 5 survivals of 12 transferred toes. In 6 cases vein grafts to arteries were performed both intraoperatively and in re-operation. In this group of patients 7 of 8 transferred toes survived for re-operation had been prompt. Venous grafting in toe to hand transfers carried out without delay and in full conformity with the indications, produced results statistically similar to those obtained in procedures involving no venous grafting.     

Selection of the method of cholangiography in cholestasis

A statistical investigation of the effectiveness of endoscopic retrograde cholangiography in 223 patients and percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography in 204 patients was performed. In typical cases of obturative jaundice of unclear etiology the endoscopic retrograde cholangiography is recommended to patients with the level of general bilirubin lower than 10 mg%, percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography--to patients with the level higher than 10 mg%.     

The combined treatment of urinary incontinence after adenomectomy

Treatment was applied in 55 patients with enuresis after removal of adenoma of the prostate. Nonoperative treatment of 46 patients included therapeutic exercises, drug therapy (anti-inflammatory agents and tonics), and physical methods: transurethral direct electrical stimulation of the vesical sphincters (25 patients), transperineal ultrasonic stimulation (21 patients). After nonoperative treatment enuresis was completely cured in 31 patients. Fifteen patients with poor results were subjected to a second course of treatment: a satisfactory result was produced in another 6 patients, an improvement was recorded in 9 patients. Operative treatment was carried out in 9 patients: 4 of them by A. Puigvert's method (satisfactory result in 1, improvement in 1, poor result in 1, acute ischuria in 1) and 5 by a modified Puigvert's operation the techniques of which consisted in forming 2 rectangular grafts from the tunica albuginea of the cavernous bodies of the penis, suturing the medial grafts to one another above the urethra on the midline, and suturing to their bases the lateral grafts (satisfactory results in 4, improvement in 1). Thus, complex treatment of 55 patients for enuresis consequent upon removal of adenoma of the prostate caused a satisfactory result in 42 (76.4%), an improvement in 11 (20%), and a poor result in 2 (3.6%) patients.     

Transluminal arterial dilatation in the surgical treatment of acute arterial occlusion

In 22 patients with acute arterial obstruction during different reconstructive operations transluminal angiodilatation of stenozed portions with Gruntzing catheter was performed. In 16 patients excellent results were obtained, only in 2 of the patients blood circulation was not reestablished and amputations had to be performed. Indications and technique of intraoperative angioplasty were developed.