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排序方式: 共有325条查询结果,搜索用时 16 毫秒
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Lilian A Inocencio Anderson A Pereira Maria Cecilia A Sucupira Jos Carlos C Fernandez Clia P Jorge Denise FC Souza Helena T Fink Ricardo S Diaz Irina M Becker Theodoro A Suffert Monica B Arruda Olinda Macedo Mariangela BG Simo Amilcar Tanuri 《Journal of the International AIDS Society》2009,12(1):20-20
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Soriguer F Rojo-Martínez G Almaraz MC Esteva I Ruiz de Adana MS Morcillo S Valdés S García-Fuentes E García-Escobar E Cardona I Gomez-Zumaquero JM Olveira-Fuster G 《European journal of clinical investigation》2008,38(2):126-133
Background Few European studies have used an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) to examine the incidence of type 2 diabetes. We determined the incidence of impaired fasting glucose (IFG), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and type 2 diabetes in a population from southern Spain. Material and methods A population‐based cohort study was undertaken in Pizarra, Spain. Baseline data were recorded on age, sex, weight, height, waist and hip circumferences, and diabetes status for 1051 persons, of whom 910 were free of type 2 diabetes (at‐risk sample). Of these, 714 completed the 6‐year follow‐up study. Body mass index, waist‐to‐hip ratio and weight increase since baseline were calculated. The homeostasis model assessment equations were used to estimate the indices of insulin resistance and β‐cell function. Each person received an OGTT at baseline and after 6 years. Results Type 2 diabetes developed in 81 people for a total of 4253 person‐years, representing an incidence of 19·1 cases per 1000 person‐years (95% confidence interval, 15·3–23·6). Age and the presence of obesity, central obesity and carbohydrate metabolism disorders [IFG (cut off = 100 mg dL?1, capillary blood glucose level), IGT or both] at baseline were significant markers for the onset of type 2 diabetes during follow‐up. After adjusting for these variables, multivariate analysis showed weight increase, waist‐to‐hip ratio and the indices of insulin resistance and β‐cell function were significantly associated with the risk for type 2 diabetes. Conclusions The incidence of type 2 diabetes in a population from southern Spain is high. It is probably associated with the high prevalence of obesity and weight increase in this population. 相似文献
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Garrido-Sánchez L Cardona F García-Fuentes E Rojo-Martínez G Gómez-Zumaquero JM Picón MJ Soriguer F Tinahones FJ 《European journal of clinical investigation》2008,38(9):615-621
Background Anti-oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) antibodies are associated with the oxidative capacity of plasma, but whether they protect or promote diabetes is unknown. We undertook a prospective study to determine the predictive capacity of anti-oxidized LDL antibodies for the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Materials and methods We selected 391 non-diabetic women aged 18–65 years. The subjects were classified as being normal (oral glucose test tolerance normal, OGTT-N), or having impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), impaired fasting glucose (IFG) or T2DM according to their baseline glucose levels and after an OGTT. The same subjects were studied six years later. The levels of anti-oxidized LDL antibodies were classified as above or below the 50th percentile.
Results Of the women who were OGTT-N at the start of the study and who had anti-oxidized LDL antibody levels below the 50th percentile, only 65·1% were still OGTT-N after 6 years versus 79·5% of those who had anti-oxidized LDL antibody levels above the 50th percentile ( P = 0·015). Women who had IGT or IFG at the start of the study whose anti-oxidized LDL antibody levels were below the 50th percentile had a relative risk of 9·79 (95% confidence interval, 1·40–68·45) of developing diabetes ( P < 0·001). Logistic regression analysis showed that the variables predicting the development of a carbohydrate metabolism disorder in the women after 6 years were body mass index ( P < 0·001) and the levels of anti-oxidized LDL antibodies ( P = 0·042).
Conclusions Levels of anti-oxidized LDL antibodies are independent predictors for the development of T2DM in women. 相似文献
Materials and methods We selected 391 non-diabetic women aged 18–65 years. The subjects were classified as being normal (oral glucose test tolerance normal, OGTT-N), or having impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), impaired fasting glucose (IFG) or T2DM according to their baseline glucose levels and after an OGTT. The same subjects were studied six years later. The levels of anti-oxidized LDL antibodies were classified as above or below the 50th percentile.
Results Of the women who were OGTT-N at the start of the study and who had anti-oxidized LDL antibody levels below the 50th percentile, only 65·1% were still OGTT-N after 6 years versus 79·5% of those who had anti-oxidized LDL antibody levels above the 50th percentile ( P = 0·015). Women who had IGT or IFG at the start of the study whose anti-oxidized LDL antibody levels were below the 50th percentile had a relative risk of 9·79 (95% confidence interval, 1·40–68·45) of developing diabetes ( P < 0·001). Logistic regression analysis showed that the variables predicting the development of a carbohydrate metabolism disorder in the women after 6 years were body mass index ( P < 0·001) and the levels of anti-oxidized LDL antibodies ( P = 0·042).
Conclusions Levels of anti-oxidized LDL antibodies are independent predictors for the development of T2DM in women. 相似文献
35.
Carey PD Walker JL Rossouw W Seedat S Stein DJ 《European child & adolescent psychiatry》2008,17(2):93-98
PURPOSE: Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) is widespread amongst South African (SA) children, yet data on risk factors and psychiatric consequences are limited and mixed. METHODS: Traumatised children and adolescents referred to our Youth Stress Clinic were interviewed to obtain demographic, sexual abuse, lifetime trauma and psychiatric histories. RESULTS: Data for 94 participants (59 female, 35 male; mean age 14.25 [8.25-19] years) exposed to at least one lifetime trauma were analysed. Sexual abuse was reported in 53% of participants (42.56% females, 10.63% males) with 64% of violations committed by perpetrators known to them. Multinomial logistic regression analysis revealed female gender (P=0.002) and single-parent families (P=0.01) to be significant predictors of CSA (62.5%). CSA did not predict exposure to other traumas. Sexually abused children had significantly higher physical and emotional abuse subscale scores and total CTQ scores than non-abused children. Depression (33%, X(2)=10.89, P=0.001) and PTSD (63.8%, X(2)=4.79, P=0.034) were the most prevalent psychological consequences of trauma and both were significantly associated with CSA. CONCLUSIONS: High rates of CSA predicted high rates of PTSD in this traumatised sample. Associations we found appear consistent with international studies of CSA and, should be used to focus future social awareness, prevention and treatment strategies in developing countries. 相似文献
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Gabriel Olveira Casilda Olveira Inmaculada Gaspar Nuria Porras Gracia Martín-Núñez Elehazara Rubio Natalia Colomo Gemma Rojo-Martínez Federico Soriguer 《Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics》2012,112(12):1999-2006
Fat-free mass depletion has been related to increased inflammatory activity and to increased morbidity and mortality in chronic respiratory diseases. The aims of our study were to determine the nutritional status and serum levels of adipocytokines and inflammatory cytokines in patients with bronchiectasis of any etiology and their relation with respiratory parameters. A cross-sectional study was designed that included patients aged >14 years with diagnostic criteria for bronchiectasis. Anthropometric parameters; a diet questionnaire; hand grip dynamometry; levels of leptin, adiponectin, interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α, and ultrasensitive C-reactive protein; as well as respiratory parameters (ie, clinical, radiologic, and spirometric values) were assessed. Ninety-three clinically stable patients were recruited, 43 with cystic fibrosis, 31 with noncystic fibrosis bronchiectasis, and 19 with cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator-related bronchiectasis. Fat-free mass depletion was present in 31% of patients, with no differences according to the etiology of the bronchiectasis. Correlations were found between inflammatory cytokines (ie, IL-6) and exacerbations, bronchorrea, forced expiratory volume in 1 second, and Bhalla score. Patients with worse respiratory disease severity, malnutrition, and diabetes had significantly higher levels of IL-6. Adiponectin correlated significantly and positively with fat mass and fat mass index and negatively with fat-free mass, fat-free mass index, and hand dynamometry. Leptin correlated positively with body mass index, fat mass and fat mass index, and negatively with fat-free mass, fat-free mass index, and dynamometry. Patients with bronchiectasis present a high percentage of fat-free mass depletion, independent of the etiology of the disease. The levels of inflammatory cytokines (especially IL-6) may be useful markers of disease severity. Adiponectin levels were higher in patients with fat-free mass depletion. 相似文献