pcDNA3．1（＋）／NspA真核表达载体的构建及鉴定

目的构建pcDNA3.1( )淋病奈瑟菌外膜蛋白—奈瑟菌表面蛋白A(Neisseria surface Protein A,NspA)基因真核表达载体,为研制淋病奈瑟菌核酸疫苗奠定基础。方法根据淋病奈瑟菌NspA基因序列,设计合成一对引物,用PCR方法从淋病奈瑟菌基因组DNA中扩增出NspA基因片段,将扩增的产物连接于测序载体pUCm-T上,并构建重组体pcDNA3.1( )/NspA,进行酶切、PCR及测序鉴定。结果NspA基因体外扩增产物大小约为525 bp。所构建的pcDNA3.1( )/NspA重组体经双酶切及PCR鉴定,与预期片断的大小相符;测序结果与GenBank中收录的NspA全长序列一致,表明pcDNA3.1( )/NspA真核表达载体构建正确。结论成功地构建了淋病奈瑟菌真核重组表达载体pcD-NA3.1( )/NspA,为NspA蛋白的功能研究和淋病奈瑟菌核酸疫苗的研制提供了物质基础。     

衡阳地区支原体临床分离株对抗生素耐药性监测

目的比较四环素类、大环内酯类和喹诺酮类三类抗菌药物对解脲脲原体(Uu)和人型支原体(Mh)的抗菌作用,为临床用药提供参考依据。方法采用直接肉汤药盘法测定了临床标本中195株Uu和118株Mh对三类抗菌药物中的8种抗生素的敏感性。结果195株Uu对四环素、多西环素、米诺环素、罗红霉素、阿齐霉素、交沙霉素、氧氟沙星、司帕沙星的敏感率分别为21.0%、48.2%、39.5%、79.0%、88.7%、74.9%、28.2%和64.6%。118株Mh对四环素、多西环素、米诺环素、罗红霉素、阿齐霉素、交沙霉素、氧氟沙星、司帕沙星的敏感率分别为5.1%、33.9%、26.3%、0.0%、0.0%、89.8%、70.3%和64.4%。960例混合感染的Uu Mh,对交沙霉素最敏感(79.2%)。结论泌尿生殖道支原体的耐药性监测对指导临床治疗具有重要意义。     

珠海市职业高中学生人际间暴力的相关因素分析

目的了解高中学生人际间暴力的现状、发生原因及危险因素,为有效防控校园暴力提供依据。方法采用整群抽样的方法对586名珠海市职业高中学生进行问卷调查。结果被调查的学生在12个月内,有286人遭受人际间暴力,总发生率为48.81%,其中语言暴力占44.82%,躯体暴力占38.22%,性暴力占16.96%。年龄相仿的同校男生是主要的施暴者,其次为教职工;校外是主要的施暴场所,其次是校内;最主要的施暴原因是无缘无故即兴所为,其次与恋爱有关;暴力事件对学生的影响从无到身心健康严重受损均存在。报复是主要的应对方式。同学是主要的倾诉对象。男生、学习差、本地户口、家庭结构不完整、激惹他人是主要的危险因素。结论珠海市职业高中学生人际间暴力问题严重,必须尽快采取有效措施予以预防和控制。     

抗高血压新药美林洛尔在大鼠体内的药代动力学和生物利用度

目的建立测定美林洛尔血药浓度的方法,探讨美林洛尔在大鼠体内的药代动力学及生物利用度。方法灌胃和静脉给予大鼠美林洛尔5 mg/kg,采用颈动脉取血并用高效液相-荧光法测定血浆中美林洛尔浓度,应用3P87药动学程序对血药浓度数据进行拟合,计算药代动力学参数,评价其绝对生物利用度。结果美林洛尔在0.02~3.00μg/ml浓度范围内与样品峰面积/内标峰面积呈良好线性关系,其相关系数r=0.9999。提取平均回收率大于80%,日内、日间RSD<10%。大鼠静脉注射美林洛尔后体内药动学符合开放双室模型,其分布相和消除相的半衰期分别为(4.22±5.58)min和(58.53±17.60)min。曲线下面积、中央室分布容积和血浆清除率分别为(133.40±9.27)(μg.min)/ml、(0.27±0.15)L/kg和(7.50±0.53)ml/(g.min)。灌胃给药符合开放单室模型,其达峰时间、最大血药浓度和药时曲线下面积分别为(14.29±3.28)min、(0.64±0.11)μg/ml和(54.35±9.34)(μg.min)/ml。结论建立的高效液相-荧光法专属性强、灵敏度高,可用于美林洛尔的体内定量分析。美林洛尔在大鼠体内的绝对生物利用度为40.74%。     

Perforation of the bowel from intrauterine contraceptive devices: case series and discussion

The intrauterine contraceptive device is used extensively in the female population. Serious complications are rare, but they do occur. We discuss three cases of bowel perforation caused by these devices following their perforation through the uterine wall. It is important that cases of perforation be recognised swiftly and the possibility of involvement of other organs considered.     

两种等离子术式治疗阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征的疗效比较

目的：比较全麻下等离子刀腭咽成形术与局麻下等离子刀打孔消融＋切割术治疗阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征（OSAHS）疗效。方法：将55例OSAHS患者随机分为两组，A组25例，B组30例，A组采用气管插管，静脉复合麻醉下行等离子刀腭咽成形术；B组采用局麻下等离子刀打孔消融＋切割术。术后随访6～12个月。结果：术后6个月，A、B两组有效率比较无显著性差异，分别为88％和83．3％，P〉0．05，术后12个月A组有效率明显优于B组，分别为84％和56．6％，P〈0．01。结论：全麻下等离子刀腭咽成形术较局麻下单纯等离子刀打孔消融＋切割术远期疗效好，是一种安全、微创、值得推广的术式。     

Stretch of mammalian nerve in vitro: effect on compound action potentials

Stretch of nerve has been reported to decrease the amplitude of the compound action potential (CAP) with a complete block appearing in approximately 30 minutes. But for the most part, those experiments were carried out in vivo, and it is generally accepted that the failure of responses was due to a closure of vessels supplying the nerve with a resulting ischemia and anoxia. These studies were undertaken to determine if stretch of nerve has effects that are independent of interference with its vascular supply. In the studies, lengths of rat sciatic and dog peroneal nerves were removed and placed in a chamber supplied with oxygen in which their CAPs were continuously elicited and recorded. This in vitro preparation obviated interference with the nerve's metabolism on stretching. We have previously shown that the form change termed 'beading,' appearing within 10 seconds and reversing as quickly on relaxation, can be elicited with tensions of only several grams. We wished to determine if stretch adequate to produce beading could alter CAPs with the same rapidity. Tensions below 2 g had little effect. On applying tensions of 10-100 g, levels well above those needed to bead the fibers, both increases and decreases of CAP amplitude were seen. The changes occurred within 10 seconds of stretch application, the time at which beading arises with stretch. Although the decreases of CAP amplitudes could be accounted for by beading, the degree of CAP change did not correspond to the amount of tension applied. We hypothesize that the constrictions in the beaded fibers increase axial resistivity and diminish local currents so as to block conduction. The lack of an increasing degree of decreased CAP amplitude with increases in tension is ascribed to the inhibition of elongation offered by the collagen fibrils present in nerve. Collagenase applied to nerves allowed a further increase in length, producing a 'hyperbeading,' showing much longer lengths of beading constrictions on stretch. This would further increase axial resistance and is taken to account for the greater decreases of CAP amplitudes seen following collagenase treatment. To account for those cases where increases of CAP amplitude were seen on stretch, we hypothesize that stretch can also cause an increase in the excitability of the nodes. The outcome of stretch in any given nerve would be the resultant of two opposing actions; beading of the internodes causes a decrease of local currents leading to block of CAPs, while an increased excitability of the nodes acts to augment the responses.     

蔡炳勤教授治疗外科术后疑难发热医案三则

蔡炳勤教授为广东省名中医,全国老中医药专家学术经验继承工作指导老师,从事中医外科医、教、研40余年,学验俱丰,在中医外科方面颇有建树,提出许多独到的见解,尤其是疑难杂症的治疗,蔡老认为“善治常者,亦善治其变”。笔者有幸侍诊于侧,聆听教诲,受益匪浅,凡遇临床验案便悉心整理。以     

复方逍遥合剂中黄芩苷的薄层扫描测定

建立了薄层扫描法测定复方逍遥合剂中黄芩苷含量,并采用TLC法对黄柏、白芍、柴胡、贝母等成分进行鉴别.黄芩苷点样量在0.15～0.75μg范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9987),平均回收率99.2%(RSD 1.5%).