Chemical constituents of Isodon albopilosus (C.Y. Wu et H.W. Li) Hara]

Five compounds have been isolated from the stems and leaves of Isodon albopilosus. On the basis of spectroscopic and chemical data, they were identified as macrocalyxin C, stearic acid, beta-sitosterol, ursolic acid and beta-sitosterol-beta-D-glucoside, respectively.     

Reconstruction of distal phalanx defect with microsurgical fascia latae flaps combined with rib and skin graft]

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical application of microsurgical fascia latae flaps combined with rib and skin graft for reconstruction of the distal phalanx defect. METHODS: The phalanx wounds were sutured together like syndactyly. The autologeous rib was revised to repair the bone defect of distal phalanx. The fascia latae flap was used to cover the bone exposure with microvascular anastomoses and resurfaced by a meshed split-thickness skin graft. RESULTS: 5 cases were treated successfully. The fascia latae flaps were all survived with only skin graft necrosis at the distal end in one case. It was healed spontaneously. CONCLUSIONS: The fascia latae flap is nourished by the desending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral artery. The flaps has a good blood supply and can be easily obtained with a long vascular pedicle. The flap is ideal for the reconstruction of distal phalanx defect when combined with autologeous rib implant and skin graft.     

电视胸腔镜心血管外科手术150例

目的 总结、分析150例电视胸腔镜心血管外科手术的临床结果。方法 应用电视胸腔镜手术技术对动脉导管未闭、房间隔缺损、室间隔缺损、三尖辨关闭不全、冠状动脉-肺动脉瘘、心包积液、原发性长Q-T综合征、雷诺病，心包囊肿等进行治疗。结果 动脉导管未闭均成功在胸腔镜下钳闭；房缺、室缺在胸腔镜体外循环下进行补片修补，冠状动脉瘘胸腔镜下修补；心包积液进行心包活检与开窗引流；长Q-T综合征进行胸腔镜下左T2、T3胸交感神经节切除，均无严重并发症，术后患者恢复良好。结论 电视胸腔镜心血管外科手术可取得满意的临床治疗结果。     

Treatment of severe subglottic laryngotracheal stenosis using hyoid graft with sternohyoid muscle flap]

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the possibility and reliability of the hyoid-sternohyoid graft transfer in the correction of server subglottic laryngotracheal stenosis, and delineate the operation skills and clinical results. METHODS: Seven patients with severe subglottic stenosis underwent laryngotracheal reconstruction using the hyoid grafts with sternohyoid muscle flaps (HG-SHMF). Five of these patients had traumatic subglottic stenosis, one with scar tissue of unknown etiology arising in the subglottic region, another with tracheal narrowing caused by inhalation of hydrochloric acid. RESULTS: All seven patients were successfully decannulated with moderate good voice. The average time from reconstruction to decannulation was 15.4 months. The stent was endoscopically removed with a range of 3 to 22 months; the mean time required for stenting was 9.6 months. Two patients who received additional salvage reconstruction procedures because of graft or stent displacement were extubated with improved voices and satisfactory airway. CONCLUSIONS: The HG-SHMF transfer was a single-stage reconstruction, relatively simple procedure that can restore an adequate airway and a good voice. Patients undergoing laryngotracheal reconstruction with HG-SHMF must have regular, long-term follow-up since graft displacement and recurrent granulation tissue or scar reformation can cause restenosis after an initially successful surgery. This procedure should be used in a large number of patients to further test its reliability.     

图片学习测验在识别老年人轻微认知功能损害中的作用

目的　分析图片学习测验在识别老年人轻微认知功能损害 (MCI)中的作用。方法　选择符合MCI诊断标准的老年人 4 8例与正常对照组 5 6名完成图片学习测验、简易智能状态检查、听觉词语学习测验及多种非记忆测验。结果　图片学习测验的 3个记忆指标 (图片短时记忆、延迟记忆和学习记忆 )在MCI与正常对照组之间有非常显著的差异。已经给出这三个图片记忆指标区分MCI与正常老年人的划界分、敏感性和特异性。结论　图片记忆操作简便、信度和效度好 ,可以作为临床医师筛选MCI的有效工具     

甘露醇和低温对兔骨骼肌缺血再灌流损伤的保护作用

通过兔后肢缺血模型，观察了甘露醇和低温对骨骼肌缺血再灌流损伤的保护作用。结果：甘露醇和低温可以不同程度地降低再灌流后患肢静脉回流血中细胞内酶（ＣＰＫ、ＬＤＨ、ＡＳＴ）的活性和脂质过氧化反应终末代谢产物丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）的含量，减轻骨骼肌细胞超微结构的破坏。两者单独应用效果不明显（Ｐ＞０．０５），联合应用效果非常明显（Ｐ＜０．０１）。提示自由基介导的脂质过氧化反应参与骨骼肌缺血再灌流损伤，甘露醇和低温对其具有协同保护作用。     

根据桂枝汤的效应消除半衰期和表观消除半衰期制订给药方案的探讨

为探讨药效法估测的效应消除半衰期和效量法估测的表观半衰期对合理制订给药方案的意义和作用,以桂枝汤解热和抗炎的药物动力学实验中所得的相应参数值设计了给药方案,观察了它们在提高药效上的作用。结果表明在给药总剂量相等、首次给药同时开始的情况下,以半衰期设计的给药方案组的药效均明显高于习惯的一次给药组;而以效应消除半衰期设计给药方案组药效增强率又高于以表观半衰期设计的方案组。提示效应消除半衰期比表观半衰期似更有实践意义。     

中风后癫痫的临床研究

本文报告３６例中风后癫痫发作的临床和ＣＴ资料。通过回顾性病历复习和随访发现，中风后癫痫的发生率占同期住院中风患者的５．２６％，以蛛网膜下腔出血和脑栓塞发生癫痫比率最高，分别为１５％和１２．５％。癫痫发作与ＣＴ所见病灶分布密切相关，皮质病灶较皮质下病灶更易发生病病。癫痫发作可发生于中风后任何时期，但早期癫痫以出血性中风多见，而迟发性癫痫则更多见于脑梗塞患者。     

语言实验室教学的利与弊

通过期末考试成绩对实验班与参照班学生语言基础知识和应用能力2方面进行比较，分析产生差异的原因，以便更合理地利用现有教学资源，取得最佳教学效果。     

Advances in TCM Treatment of Senile Vascular Dementia

Senile vascular dementia refers to organic loss of intellectual function due to cerebral damages caused by insufficient blood supply. The following is a summaryon achievements in its etiology, pathogenic mechanism, type identification and treatment in TCM, and the compound formulas, special formulas and drugs, and thepatent drugs used successfully for its treatment.