Role of chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in the development of bronchiectasis.

To understand the role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in the development of bronchiectasis, we investigated by CT the presence of bronchiectasis in two groups of chronic bronchitis patients and in a control group. There were no differences in clinical or laboratory findings between groups A and B. Three observers without any knowledge of these patients reported bronchiectasis on a scale of 0 to 3 and bronchial wall thickness on a scale of 0 to 3 in each lobe of both lungs. Bronchiectasis and wall thickness scores in group A (chronic bronchitis with P aeruginosa infection) were significantly higher than bronchiectasis scores and wall thickness in group B (chronic bronchitis without P aeruginosa infection). Both scores in group B were higher than those in group C (control group). These findings support the idea that chronic P aeruginosa infection plays a role in the development of bronchiectasis.     

动力髋螺钉内固定对老年股骨转子间骨折患者髋关节功能恢复的影响

目的:观察动力髋螺钉内固定对老年股骨转子间骨折患者髋关节功能及下蹲能力的影响。方法:南京军区南京总医院骨科2000-01/2003-12共92例股骨转子间骨折患者,采用动力髋螺钉实施内固定治疗并结合术后功能锻炼。结果:随访6～36个月平均14个月,根据骨折愈合情况及功能测()评,优良率89%(82/92)。1例出现严重的髋内翻,2例出现患肢缩短(<3cm。)结论:DHS是一种理想的、可靠的内固定植入物,DHS内固定能有效恢复老年股骨转子间骨折患者下蹲功能。     

Granulocyte adsorptive apheresis for pediatric patients with ulcerative colitis

Granulocytapheresis (GCAP) has produced efficacy in adult patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) by adsorbing activated granulocytes and monocytes/macrophages. We retrospectively investigated efficacy and safety of GCAP in pediatric patients with active UC. Twelve steroid-refractory children (12.2±3.1 years old) were treated with GCAP, one session/week for 5–10 consecutive weeks. In 8 patients, clinical symptoms improved after two GCAP sessions. Normal body temperature, stool frequency, and disappearance of blood in stool were seen after 24.3±11.5 days. The endoscopic grade improved from 2.6±0.3 to 0.4±0.2. One patient who initially responded, developed bloody diarrhea later and 2 cases remained unchanged. The dose of steroid was tapered during GCAP therapy by 50%. No serious adverse effects were noted. Four of 8 cases relapsed 3.5 ± 2.2 months after the last GCAP while on maintenance therapy, the other 4 were in remission up to 22.8±18.1 months. In conclusion, GCAP appears to be effective and well tolerated in children with steroid-refractory UC.     

急性肺栓塞尿激酶2小时静脉溶栓疗效

目的 观察应用尿激酶2h静脉溶栓方法治疗急性肺栓塞患的疗效。方法 经核素肺灌注显像、D—二聚体、彩超及胸部CT等无创诊断技术确诊的25例急性肺栓塞病例，行尿激酶2h法溶栓治疗，应用临床监测及核素肺灌注显像进行疗效分析。结果 尿激酶2h法溶栓治愈8例，显效4例，好转5例，有效4例，无效4例。溶栓过程中患未见严重出血，血压心率平稳，症状明显改善。结论 急性肺栓塞应用尿激酶2h静脉溶栓治疗有良好的临床效果及安全性。     

Adrenergic regulation of clock gene expression in mouse liver

A main oscillator in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) conveys circadian information to the peripheral clock systems for the regulation of fundamental physiological functions. Although polysynaptic autonomic neural pathways between the SCN and the liver were observed in rats, whether activation of the sympathetic nervous system entrains clock gene expression in the liver has yet to be understood. To assess sympathetic innervation from the SCN to liver tissue, we investigated whether injection of adrenaline/noradrenaline (epinephrine/norepinephrine) or sympathetic nerve stimulation could induce mPer gene expression in mouse liver. Acute administration of adrenaline or noradrenaline increased mPer1 but not mPer2 expression in the liver of mice in vivo and in hepatic slices in vitro. Electrical stimulation of the sympathetic nerves or adrenaline injection caused an elevation of bioluminescence in the liver area of transgenic mice carrying mPer1 promoter-luciferase. Under a light-dark cycle, destruction of the SCN flattened the daily rhythms of not only mPer1, mPer2, and mBmal1 genes but also noradrenaline content in the liver. Daily injection of adrenaline, administered at a fixed time for 6 days, recovered oscillations of mPer2 and mBmal1 gene expression in the liver of mice with SCN lesion on day 7. Sympathetic nerve denervation by 6-hydroxydopamine flattened the daily rhythm of mPer1 and mPer2 gene expression. Thus, on the basis of the present results, activation of the sympathetic nerves through noradrenaline and/or adrenaline release was a factor controlling the peripheral clock.     

Evolutionary dynamics of the human immunoglobulin kappa locus and the germline repertoire of the Vkappa genes

We have determined the entire nucleotide sequence of the human immunoglobulin kappa locus, comprising a total of 1,010,706 nucleotides. The 76 Vkappa genes found by a hybridization-based approach and their classification in 7 families were confirmed. A Vkappa orphon located near the locus was also sequenced. In addition, we identified 55 novel Vkappa relics and truncated pseudogenes, which establish 5 new families. Among these 132 Vkappa genes, 46 have open reading frames. According to the databases and the literature, 32 unique Vkappa genes and 5 identical gene pairs form VJ-joints, 27 unique genes and 4 gene pairs are transcribed, and 25 unique genes and 4 gene pairs produce functional proteins. The Vkappa gene locus contains a 360-kb inverted duplication, which harbors 118 Vkappa genes. A comparison of the duplicated Vkappa genes suggests positive selection on the complementarity-determining regions of the duplicated genes by point mutations. The entire duplication unit was divided into 13 blocks, each of which has its distinct nucleotide sequence identity to its duplication counterpart (98.1 - 99.9 %). An inversion-mediated mechanism is suggested to generate the high-homology blocks. Based on the homology blocks and the mutation rates, the inverted duplication is assumed to have taken place approximately 5 million years ago. An orphon Vkappa gene near the kappa locus and a cluster of five Vkappa orphons on chromosome 22 have no counterparts within the kappa locus. This suggests possible mechanisms of the transposition of orphon Vkappa genes.     

中药指纹图谱数据库的研究

目的:研制中药指纹图谱数据库(DTCMF).方法:DTCMF采用Visual FoxPro(VFP)6.0编程语言编制程序.数据库包括色谱、光谱、电泳和DNA指纹谱以及X射线衍射、热分析谱等.结果:DTCMF可独立正常运行在目前常见的所有操作系统中,数据信息量大,检索系统完善,维护与更新便捷.结论:DTCMF具有通用性、实用性及易用性,为中药品质评价提供帮助与参考.     

“通督启神”针法治疗AD的动物实验研究进展

阿尔茨海默病(AD)是一种以记忆与认知功能障碍为主要临床表现的中枢神经系统退行性疾病,其病因复杂且发病机制尚未明确,具有高发病率、高致残率和高医疗成本的特点,成为当今公共卫生的一大难题。本研究立足于“通督启神”针法治疗AD的基础研究,对近5年“通督启神”针法治疗AD的动物实验相关文献进行整理,从提高脑能量代谢和脑血流量、抑制神经胶质细胞活化和神经炎症反应、良性调节Aβ生成与清除、抗衰老与抗氧化4个方面总结“通督启神”针法的实验效应及作用机制。最后指出未来可结合胆碱能神经、胰岛素信号转导、线粒体结构和功能以及手针、脉冲电针和音乐电针的异同深入研究,为今后“通督启神”针法治疗AD的基础研究提供新的思路与方法。     

D101型大孔树脂纯化山豆根总生物碱的工艺优选

目的:优选D101型大孔树脂纯化山豆根总生物碱的工艺条件。方法:选择苦参碱为指标成分,采用UV测定总生物碱含量,检测波长415 nm。以总生物碱含量为指标,通过单因素试验考察上样量质量浓度、洗脱剂用量及种类、洗脱流速等因素对山豆根总生物碱大孔树脂纯化工艺的影响。结果:最佳工艺条件为上样液用盐酸调p H 3~4,用20%氨水调p H 10,上样液质量浓度0.8 g·m L-1,上样流速2 BV·h-1,上样量为山豆根药材与树脂体积比例1∶2.5,加水2 BV除杂,用70%乙醇4 BV于4 BV·h-1流速洗脱;总生物碱纯度66.83%。结论:D101型大孔树脂对山豆根生物碱类物质具有较好的纯化效果,优选的工艺简单可行,为山豆根的资源利用提供参考