青光眼术后白内障超声乳化术

目的探讨青光眼术后白内障超声乳化手术适应症、时机、手术方法和并发症。方法回顾性分析2002年1月至2004年2月青光眼术后白内障患者44例,其中预防性虹膜周边切除术8例,滤过性手术36例。对39例术前眼压控制在正常范围或仅局部药物能控制正常的病例做上方透明角膜内切口或颞侧角膜缘巩膜隧道切口,避开功能滤过区行白内障超声乳化术;对3例术前眼压须全身药物才能控制的病人,控制眼压后避开原手术区行白内障超声乳化联合小梁切除术。随访半年。结果视力均有不同程度提高结论,0.5以上33例,视觉电生理检查视功能损害与术前有明显差别,眼压均在正常范围。结论超声乳化手术是治疗青光眼术后白内障的有效方法。     

超声、PET/CT及两者联合检测对恶性黑色素瘤淋巴结转移的临床价值分析

目的：探讨超声、正电子发射断层成像/计算机断层成像（positron emission tomography/computed tomography,PET/CT）及两者联合检测对恶性黑色素瘤（malignant melanoma,MM）淋巴结转移评估的准确性,指导临床MM患者淋巴结活检及清扫的术前评估。方法：收集41例MM住院患者临床资料,分析术前淋巴结相关影像资料、术后淋巴结病理结果及病理结果跟影像结果的相关性。结果：超声、PET/CT以及两者联合检测的敏感度分别是47.36%、73.68%、78.95%,特异度分别是59.09%,86.36%、50.00%,准确度分别是53.66%、80.49%、63.41%,阳性预测值分别是50.00%、82.35%、57.69%,阴性预测值分别是56.52%,79.17%、73.33%,正确指数分别是6.45%、60.04%、28.95%。结论：PET/CT在评估MM术前淋巴结是否转移方面具有重要价值,其准确度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值均高于超声及两者联合检测,当PET/CT检查淋巴结转移为阴性时,应结合超声两者联合综合判断,避免淋巴结...     

针灸治疗溃疡性结肠炎的临床观察

目的 观察针灸治疗溃疡性结肠炎的疗效。方法与结果 采用温针灸：下合穴,募穴为主,配合辨证取穴,内服中成药,治疗溃疡性结肠炎62例,总有效率91．94％,T细胞亚群治疗后也接近正常。结论 显示本法有促进人体免疫系统内环境趋于平衡的作用。     

姜芡止泻汤治疗抗生素相关性腹泻脾肾阳虚证疗效及对肠道菌群结构的影响

目的 观察姜芡止泻汤治疗抗生素相关性腹泻(AAD)脾肾阳虚证的疗效及对肠道菌群结构的影响.方法 采用随机数字表法将120例患者分为治疗组及对照组各60例.治疗组予姜芡止泻汤,每日1剂,每日2次,口服或鼻饲;对照组予甲硝唑片+双歧杆菌三联活菌,每日3次,口服或鼻饲.2组均连续治疗7 d.观察2组临床疗效、中医症状评分、西...     

原发性肺黏液腺癌的CT征像及病理基础(附32例报告)

目的:探讨原发性肺黏液腺癌(primary pulmonary mucinous adenocarcinoma,PPMA)的CT征象及病理基础.方法:回顾性分析经手术、气管镜或CT引导下穿刺活检病理证实的32例PPMA患者的临床、病理及影像资料,观察病变的形态、位置、病灶内及周边情况、增强表现及有无转移等征象.结果:3...     

Prevention of surgical adhesions with gelatine sealing sheet in a canine adhesion model

Open in a separate window OBJECTIVESAlthough reoperation has been increasingly performed in cardiovascular surgery in recent years, preventing surgical adhesions remains an unsolved complication. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether gelatine sealing sheets are more effective than fibrin sealing sheets in preventing surgical adhesions.METHODSBilateral femoral arteries of 20 beagle dogs under general anaesthesia were pricked with syringe needles, and gelatine and fibrin sealing sheets were applied on the bleeding points to make canine adhesion models. The femoral artery was harvested after 4 and 12 weeks to evaluate adhesion formations. The adhesive grade was quantified by scoring the area and strength of adhesion tissues. Histological staining was performed to examine the structural features of surgical adhesions.RESULTSSignificantly fewer macroscopic adhesions were observed with gelatine sealing sheets than those with fibrin sealing sheets at 4 and 12 weeks postoperatively. Microscopically, CD3+ T lymphocytes at 4 and 12 weeks postoperatively in gelatine sealing sheets were significantly lower than those in fibrin sealing sheets. Microvessel density determined by CD34 at 4 and 12 weeks postoperatively in gelatine sealing sheets was also significantly lower than those in fibrin sealing sheets.CONCLUSIONSThe gelatine sealing sheets are more effective than the fibrin sealing sheets in preventing surgical adhesions. These findings suggest that the gelatine sealing sheet may help prevent adhesions and thus be a therapeutically effective biomaterial in vascular surgery.     

晚期非小细胞肺癌患者个体化治疗的新突破

在世界范围内,肺癌位居所有癌症致死的首位,且其中大部分为非小细胞肺癌.尽管大量有关含铂化疔或联合其他药物的临床研究不断涌现,非小细胞肺癌患者的预后仍然差强人意.晚期非小细胞肺癌患者的5年生存率约为15%,在过去几年中未有明显提高.目前,肺癌治疗领域的主要成就在于靶向治疗的出现,例如针对表皮细胞生长因子受体(EGFR)靶点的吉非替尼和厄罗替尼,以及针对抗血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)的贝伐单抗,均广泛运用于临床.同时,关于棘皮动物微管相关蛋白样/间变淋巴瘤激酶(EML4-ALK)融合基因的研究使得肺癌的治疗又有了新的进展.该文主要对晚期非小细胞肺癌患者个体化治疗中的药物如EGFR抑制剂、EML4-ALK融合基因抑制剂进行综述.     

Electrophysiological evidence of P2X2 receptor expression in the neurons of intracardiac and paratracheal ganglia

Objective： To investigate the expression of P2X receptors on rat intracardiac and paratracheal ganglion neurons. Methods： For preparation of intracardiac neurons, hearts were excised, the atria were separated and the medial region containing intracardiac ganglia was isolated and cut into pieces. For preparation of paratracheal neurons, the tracheas were removed and the superficial membranous layer containing paratracheal ganglia was rapidly isolated. Intracardiac and paratracheal ganglion neurons were dissociated after digestion by collagenase and trypsin. Whole-cell patch clamp recording was used to identify the pharmacological properties of P2X receptors in cultured neurons. Results：Neurons from these two ganglia responded to ATP with a rapidly activating, sustained inward current, αβ-meATP failed to evoke any re- sponses in paratracheal ganglion neurons while a few of intracardiac ganglion neurons responded to αβ- meATP with a tiny sustained inward current. ADP and UTP had no effect on intracardiac neurons. Lowering pH potentiated ATP responses in neurons from these two ganglia whereas increasing pH inhibited ATP responses. Co-application of Zn^2＋ potentiated ATP responses in intracardiac and paratracheal ganglion neurons. Conclusion： The receptor subtypes involved in intracardiac and paratracheal ganglia appear to be homomeric P2X2, while heteromeric P2X2/3 could not be completely excluded from intracardiac neurons.     

三种不同方法提取吴茱萸果实挥发油成分的GC-MS分析

目的用GC-MS法分析吴茱萸果实中挥发油的化学成分,为其不同方法提取提供实验依据。方法采用水蒸气蒸馏法、索氏提取法和超声提取法对吴茱萸果实挥发油进行提取,用GC-MS法测定,结合NIST05数据库对分离的化合物进行鉴定,并采用归一法计算各组分的相对峰面积。结果 3种不同方法提取吴茱萸果实挥发油的化学成分有差异,分别分离鉴定出57、51和38个组分,共有成分25个,其中主要成分为β-月桂烯、β-罗勒烯、α-蒎烯、β-芳樟醇、[1S-(1α,2β,4β)]-1-乙烯基-1-甲基-2,4-二(1-甲基乙烯基)-环己烷、石竹烯、吉马烯、α-布藜烯和氧化石竹烯等。结论采用水蒸气蒸馏法和索氏提取法得到具有一定药理活性的石竹烯、α-蒎烯、榄香烯及β-罗勒烯等成分时,能够达到同样的提取效果。因此可以综合考虑所需要的组分而选择合适的提取方法。     

非小细胞肺癌中HIF-1α、GLUT1与COX-2表达的关系

目的探讨非小细胞肺癌(non-sm all cell lung cancer,NSCLC))急慢性乏氧状况、乏氧与COX-2过度表达及与临床病理特征的关系。方法应用兔抗人H IF-1α、GLUT1抗体和鼠抗人COX-2抗体对手术切除的46例肺癌组织进行免疫组化染色,并与临床病理资料进行相关性分析。结果肺癌患者46例,其中ⅠA期12例,ⅠB期20例,Ⅱ期8例,ⅢA期6例。H IF-1α、GLUT1和COX-2的阳性表达率分别为58.70%(27/46)、39.11%(18/46)和67.39%(31/46)。COX-2表达与H IF-1α、GLUT1的表达相关(P<0.01)。GLUT1表达与肺癌患者淋巴结转移(P<0.05)、组织学类型(P<0.01)有关,而H IF-1α、COX-2表达与年龄、性别、分期、肿瘤大小、淋巴结转移、组织学类型和肿瘤分化程度均无相关性。结论NSCLC患者同时存在着急、慢性乏氧,而肿瘤转移主要与慢性乏氧有关。另外,乏氧可能参与了COX-2增强表达的机制。