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91.
Adnan Al Shaikh Abdullah M. Al Zahrani 《Journal of clinical research in pediatric endocrinology》2016,8(1):48-54
Objective:
There is an ongoing interest in the relationship between vitamin D status and diabetes control and complications. However, data from Saudi Arabia are limited. To determine the impact of vitamin D status on glycemic control and cardiometabolic complications of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) attending a tertiary care diabetes clinic in Saudi Arabia.Methods:
Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data of 301 children and adolescent subjects with T1DM (53.5% females) of a mean age of 13.9 years attending King Abdulaziz Medical City-Jeddah during 2010-2013 were retrospectively collected. Relationships between vitamin D status and frequency of hypoglycemia, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, and lipid profile were evaluated.Results:
The mean duration of diabetes was 7.7±3.7 years. Mean BMI value was 21.1±4.5 kg/m2 and HbA1c was 9.6±1.9% in both genders. Only 26.2% of the patients had a satisfactory HbA1c level. The mean level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] was 35.15 and that of cholesterol was 4.75. Vitamin D deficiency [25(OH)D≤37.5 nmol/L] was detected in 63.6% of the male and 67.7% of the female subjects. In males, it was inversely associated with frequency of hypoglycemia (p<0.01), BMI (p<0.05), diastolic blood pressure (p<0.05), and triglyceride levels (p<0.01), while in females, it was inversely associated with current age (p<0.05), age at diagnosis (p<0.01), and triglyceride levels (p<0.01). No significant correlation between HbA1c and vitamin D deficiency was observed.Conclusion:
Vitamin D deficiency was highly prevalent in our study sample and was found to be associated with frequency of hypoglycemic episodes and with adverse cardiometabolic control. 相似文献92.
Stanley Crankson Mohammed J Al Salman Khalid A Al Mane Abdullah A Al Zaben 《Tropical gastroenterology》2004,25(1):47-48
We report the case of a 7-month-old boy who presented with a history of vomiting since birth. A computed tomography study showed circumferential thickening of the lower oesophageal wall with enhancement of the mucosa. After a period of antireflux medication, the patient underwent simultaneous oesophageal dilatation and Nissen fundoplication. He is doing well at 2-year follow up. 相似文献
93.
The objective of our study was to determine the influence of gender and age of onset on the outcome in Saudi children with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Medical records of children with SLE treated at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center were reviewed. Outcome measures included Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index score (SLICC/ACR), renal disease requiring dialysis, or transplant and death related to SLE. Patients were classified based on age at disease onset into early onset (<5 years) and late onset (>5 years). Data were analyzed, and comparison was made according to the gender and age groups. Eighty-nine patients (76 female and 13 male) were included. The median disease duration was 5 years. Twelve patients had early-onset disease. There was no difference in the mean age, age at diagnosis, disease duration, and follow-up between the different groups. Logistic regression analysis showed significant association of high SLICC/ACR score with early-onset disease and male gender, while renal disease requiring dialysis and renal transplant was associated significantly with male gender independently of age of disease onset. In contrast, death related to SLE was influenced by early-onset disease. Male children and early onset disease of this cohort had poorer outcome. This finding indicates that gender and early-onset disease influence the long-term outcome of SLE in children. 相似文献
94.
Abdul Ahad Fahad I. Al-Jenoobi Abdullah M. Al-Mohizea Naseem Akhtar Mohammad Raish Mohd. Aqil 《Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal》2015,23(6):587-602
Hypertension is the most common cardiovascular disease worldwide. Moreover, management of hypertension requires long-term treatment that may result in poor patient compliance with conventional dosage forms due to greater frequency of drug administration. Although there is availability of a plethora of therapeutically effective antihypertensive molecules, inadequate patient welfare is observed; this arguably presents an opportunity to deliver antihypertensive agents through a different route. Ever since the transdermal drug delivery came into existence, it has offered great advantages including non-invasiveness, prolonged therapeutic effect, reduced side effects, improved bioavailability, better patient compliance and easy termination of drug therapy. Attempts were made to develop the transdermal therapeutic system for various antihypertensive agents, including β-blockers, an important antihypertensive class. β-blockers are potent, highly effective in the management of hypertension and other heart ailments by blocking the effects of normal amounts of adrenaline in the heart and blood vessels. The shortcomings associated with β-blockers such as more frequent dose administration, extensive first pass metabolism and variable bioavailability, make them an ideal candidate for transdermal therapeutic systems. The present article gives a brief view of different β-blockers formulated as transdermal therapeutic system in detail to enhance the bioavailability as well as to improve patient compliance. Constant improvement in this field holds promise for the long-term success in technologically advanced transdermal dosage forms being commercialized sooner rather than later. 相似文献
95.
Ali Akal Turgay Ulas Tugba Goncu Muhammet Emin Guldur Sezen Kocarslan Abdullah Taskin 《Cutaneous and ocular toxicology》2015,34(2):139-143
Objective: In this experimental study, we investigated the possible effects of intracameral moxifloxacin on oxidative stress parameters and endothelial cell morphology in corneal tissue.Methods: In total, 30 rats were randomly assigned to three groups of 10 rats: the sham group (Group 1, n?=?10); the control group (Group 2), where balanced salt solution (BSS) was administered at a dose of 0.01?cc (n?=?10); and the treatment group (Group 3), where moxifloxacin was administered at a dose of 0.05?mg/0.01?cc (n?=?10). Total antioxidant status (TAS) and total oxidant status (TOS) in corneal tissue and blood samples were measured and the oxidative stress index (OSI) was calculated. Also, corneal tissue histopathology was evaluated with caspase-3 and caspase-8 staining. Apoptotic activity was also evaluated.Results: In blood samples, TAS, TOS, and OSI levels were not statistically significantly different (all p?>?0.05). Compared with the sham and control groups, TOS and OSI levels in cornea tissue were significantly different in the moxifloxacin group (all p?0.05). However, compared with the control group, no statistically significant difference was found in the sham group (all p?>?0.05). Compared with the sham and control groups, apoptotic activity was higher in the moxifloxacin group, in both immunohistochemical staining for caspase-3 and caspase-8.Conclusions: Intracameral moxifloxacin injection seems to be safe systemically, but it may have toxic effects on corneal tissues, as suggested by oxidative stress parameters and a histopathological evaluation. 相似文献
96.
F Jamal S Pit I Isahak N Abdullah Z Zainal R Abdullah J Henrichsen 《The Southeast Asian journal of tropical medicine and public health》1987,18(1):79-84
A total of 90 cases of pneumococcal infections were identified at a major referral hospital in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia during a study period of four years. Pneumonia was the most common clinical presentation (41 cases) followed by meningitis (19 cases). Of 48 patients who were followed-up during the microbiology consultation round, 11 died, 9 were children below two years old. Capsular typing was carried out on 57 strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from blood and body fluids of 43 children and 14 adults. 38 strains isolated from pharyngeal specimens were also typed. Types 6A (11 strains), 6B (7 strains), 14 (8 strains) and 19A (8 strains) predominated in children. The strains from older patients comprised 3 isolates from cerebrospinal fluid (types 18B, 6B and 14), five from blood (4 strains, type 1 and 1 strain, type 4) and six from pus (1 strain, type 14, 3 strains type 23F and 2 strains type 34). The isolates from pharyngeal specimens belonged to capsular type similar to those implicated in infections. 90% of the types reported in this study are included in the 23 valent pneumococcal vaccines. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of penicillin, cefuroxime, chloramphenicol and rifampicin were determined for selected strains. 4.1% of isolates were resistant to penicillin (3/74), 4.5% to cefuroxime (2/44), 6.5% to chloramphenicol (3/46) and 14.6% to rifampicin (6/41). 相似文献
97.
Ahmed A. Alkhazi Khalid M. Alessa Ahmed M. Almutairi Hamad A. Almadi Abdullah Akkam Mohammed K. Almutairi Omar A. Alhamad Hadeel S. Ghazal 《International journal of emergency medicine》2018,11(1):49
Introduction
Pharyngitis is one of the major and commonly seen presentations in pediatric emergency departments. While it could be caused by both bacterial and viral pathogens, antibiotics are improperly prescribed regardless of the pathogen. Inappropriate usage of antibiotics has risen the concern of microbial resistance and the need for stricter guidelines. Many guidelines have been validated for this reason, and the Centor score (Modified/McIsaac) is most commonly implemented. This study aims to assess the adherence and enumerate the reasons behind the suboptimal adherence to guidelines (Centor/McIsaac score) of pediatric emergency department physicians in the diagnosis and management of GABHS pharyngitis to lay the groundwork for future actions and to employ educational programs and implement local guidelines for the prevention of the development of multi-drug resistant microorganisms.Methodology
We surveyed pediatric emergency department physicians of ten teaching hospitals of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. We used convenient sampling and estimated a sample size of 170 physicians, and interns and medical centers without pediatric emergency department were excluded from the study. Elements of the Centor score (Modified/McIsaac) were used as a part of the assessment of physicians’ knowledge of the guidelines. Adherence was assessed by requiring the participants to answer questions regarding their usage of diagnostic means when they suspect a bacterial cause of pharyngitis, as recommended by the guidelines.Results
A total of 243 physicians answered the questionnaire, 43 consultants (17.6%) and 200 non-consultants (82.4%). On the knowledge score, 9.1% scored 0, and the majority of both groups, 46.5%, earned a score of 1. The remainder 44.4%, earned a score of 2. Adherence to guidelines was defined as when diagnostic tests (throat culture or rapid antigen detection test) were always requested prior to prescribing antibiotics when acute bacterial pharyngitis was suspected. Only 27.3% (n?=?67) of our sample are adherent to guidelines, whereas the majority, 72.7% (n?=?175), are non-adherent. Several factors were assessed as reasons for lack of adherence.Conclusion
Lack of knowledge and adherence to guidelines is prevalent in our setting, with awareness, knowledge, and behavior of physicians playing as major factors behind this low adherence. Studies should aim towards the assessment of adherence towards locally developed guidelines.98.
Hewaratne D.W.T. Damayanthi Foong-Ming Moy Kathijah L. Abdullah Samath D. Dharmaratne 《Asian nursing research.》2018,12(3):231-236
Purpose
Low muscle strength is central to geriatric physical disabilities and mortality. The purpose of the present study was to examine handgrip strength (HGS) and its associated factors among community-dwelling older people in Sri Lanka.Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Kandy district using multistage sampling. A total of 999 older people were recruited, with a female preponderance. Data were collected using interviewer-administered questionnaires on demographic characteristics, depression, and physical activity. Anthropometric measurements including weight, height, mid-upper arm circumference, calf circumference, and HGS were recorded. Complex sample general linear model was used to examine the association between HGS and its associated factors.Results
The mean highest HGS of the study group was 12.56 kg (95% confidence interval: 11.94–13.19). Male older people had a higher HGS (17.02, 95% confidence interval: 15.55–18.49 kg) than females (10.59, 95% confidence interval: 10.12–11.06 kg). For both men and women, older age was associated with lower HGS, while mid-upper arm circumference was associated with better HGS. Diabetes mellitus, vegetarian diet, and alcohol consumption were associated with HGS for women only.Conclusion
Men had a higher HGS compared with women. Age, mid-upper arm circumference, diabetes mellitus, vegetarian diet, and alcohol consumption were factors associated with HGS among community-dwelling older people in Kandy district, Sri Lanka. HGS can be used as a feasible strategy to improve health status of older people by community health nurses. 相似文献99.
Emre Tekgündüz Mehmet Yılmaz Mehmet Ali Erkurt Ilhami Kiki Ali Hakan Kaya Leylagul Kaynar Inci Alacacioglu Guven Cetin Ibrahim Ozarslan Irfan Kuku Gulden Sincan Ozan Salim Sinem Namdaroglu Abdullah Karakus Volkan Karakus Fevzi Altuntas Ismail Sari Gulsum Ozet Fatih Demirkan 《Transfusion and apheresis science》2018,57(1):27-30
Thrombotic microangiopathies (TMAs) are rare, but life-threatening disorders characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia (MAHAT) associated with multiorgan dysfunction as a result of microvascular thrombosis and tissue ischemia. The differentiation of the etiology is of utmost importance as the pathophysiological basis will dictate the choice of appropriate treatment.We retrospectively evaluated 154 (99 females and 55 males) patients who received therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) due to a presumptive diagnosis of TMA, who had serum ADAMTS13 activity/anti-ADAMTS13 antibody analysis at the time of hospital admission. The median age of the study cohort was 36 (14-84). 67 (43.5%), 32 (20.8%), 27 (17.5%) and 28 (18.2%) patients were diagnosed as thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), infection/complement-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome (IA/CA-HUS), secondary TMA and TMA-not otherwise specified (TMA-NOS), respectively. Patients received a median of 18 (175) plasma volume exchanges for 14 (153) days. 81 (52.6%) patients received concomitant steroid therapy with TPE. Treatment responses could be evaluated in 137 patients. 90 patients (65.7%) achieved clinical remission following TPE, while 47 (34.3%) patients had non-responsive disease. 25 (18.2%) non-responsive patients died during follow-up. Our study present real-life data on the distribution and follow-up of patients with TMAs who were referred to therapeutic apheresis centers for the application of TPE. 相似文献
100.
Syed S Hasan Alexandra M Clavarino Abdullah A Mamun Therese Kairuz 《The Australasian medical journal》2015,8(6):179-188