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41.
Signal transduction on platelet activation involves phosphoinositide- specific phospholipase C (PLC)-mediated hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositides and formation of inositol-1,4,5-triphosphate [I(1,4,5)P3], which mediates Ca2+ mobilization, and diacylglycerol (DG), which activates protein kinase C (PKC) to phosphorylate a 47-kD protein (Pleckstrin). We studied these events in two related patients previously reported (Blood 74:664, 1989) to have abnormal aggregation and 14C-serotonin secretion, and impaired intracellular Ca2+ mobilization in response to several agonists. Thrombin-induced I(1,4,5)P3 and phosphatidic acid formation were diminished. Pleckstrin phosphorylation was impaired on activation with thrombin, platelet- activating factor, and ionophore A23187, but was normal with PKC activator 1,2-dioctonyl-sn-glycerol (DiC8). Ca2+ mobilization induced by guanosine triphosphate (GTP) analog guanosine 5'-0-(3 thiotriphosphate) (GTP gamma S) was diminished. Pretreatment with either A23187 or DiC8 did not correct the impaired adenine diphosphate- induced secretion; however, upon stimulation with A23187 plus DiC8, pleckstrin phosphorylation and secretion were normal, indicating that both PKC activation and Ca2+ mobilization are essential for normal secretion. We conclude that these patients have a unique inherited platelet defect in formation of two key intracellular mediators [I(1,4,5)P3 and DG] and in the responses mediated by them due to a defect in postreceptor mechanisms of PLC activation. 相似文献
42.
Immunoglobulin V regions and the B cell 总被引:7,自引:2,他引:7
43.
44.
M Nair R Arora J C Mohan G S Kalra K K Sethi M Nigam M Khalilullah 《International journal of cardiology》1991,32(3):389-394
Cross-sectional and Doppler echocardiography are currently the most important non-invasive tests for the evaluation of mitral stenosis. Recent experience has, however, shown that parameters that are reliable before mitral valvotomy may not be valid after the procedure. We have studied the validity of estimation of the area of the mitral valve by echo-planimetry, by Doppler pressure half time and the transmitral end-diastolic pressure gradient calculated by continuous wave Doppler in 100 patients (aged 10-30 years) before and after balloon mitral valvoplasty (n = 70) or surgical closed mitral valvotomy (n = 30). These patients underwent cardiac catheterisation and echocardiographic studies before, immediately after and 8-12 (9.3 +/- 2.2) weeks following balloon valvoplasty or closed valvotomy. The area as estimated echocardiographically correlated well with that obtained by the Gorlin formula before (r = 0.80), but not immediately after (r = 0.67) or on follow up after mitral valvotomy. There was good correlation between Doppler pressure half time and the area as estimated by the Gorlin formula before (r = 0.89) and on follow up after valvotomy (r = 0.82), but the correlation was not as good in the immediate period after valvotomy (r = 0.60). The end-diastolic pressure gradients obtained by Doppler examination and at cardiac catheterisation correlated well with each other before (r = 0.94), immediately after valvotomy (r = 0.92) and on follow up (r = 0.94). Hence, the reliability of estimation of the area of the mitral valve by echo-planimetry and by Doppler pressure half time varies according to the time at which the examination is performed following commissurotomy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
45.
Acquired granular pool defect in stored platelets 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Platelets stored as concentrates (PC) for 72 h at 22 degrees C develop a functional defect. Alterations in adenine nucleotides of platelets have been shown to affect platelet function. Adenine nucleotide content of platelets was measured before and after storage and a decrease of 27.1 /+- 1.7% (mean /+- SE) in ATP and 39.1 /+- 2.6% in ADP were found in 34 PC stored with final volume of 50 ml. In 11 PC with 30 ml volume. ATP and ADP decreased by 39.4 /+- 3.2% and 49.4 /+- 2.1%, respectively. The mean ATP to ADP ratio of stored platelets was significantly higher than of fresh platelets in both groups, suggesting a relatively greater decrease in granular than metabolic pool nucleotides. Levels of low affinity platelet factor 4 measured by radioimmunoassay in plasma from 0.86 /+- 0.08 microgram/ml in the fresh PC to 8.59 /+- 0.39 microgram/ml in stored PC, indicating a concomitant alpha-granular secretion. Labeling of metabolic pool with 14C-adenine revealed a mean decrease in the adenylate energy charge of 2.0 /+- 0.4% in 12 of 16 stored PC, with a lower ATP and higher hypoxanthine labeling in stored as compared to fresh platelets. These observations suggest that stored platelets develop an acquired defect in both dense and alpha granules and in their ability to maintain ATP homeostasis. 相似文献
46.
Storage temperature and differing methods of sample preparation in the measurement of urinary albumin 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Ms A. C. G. Collins M. Sethi F. A. MacDonald D. Brown G. C. Viberti 《Diabetologia》1993,36(10):993-997
Summary Microalbuminuria is a predictor of persistent proteinuria, renal failure and cardiovascular disease and therefore accurate
determination of urinary albumin concentration is important. We examined the stability of albumin in urine under different
conditions of storage, temperature and sample preparation. There was no significant difference in urinary albumin concentration
between fresh urine and urine stored at either 4°C or 20°C for up to 7 days. Similarly in urine samples from diabetic patients
there was no significant difference in albumin concentration at levels ranging from 1.3 to 1999.3 mg/l between fresh urine
at 4°C and urine stored frozen for 1 week, 1 month or 6 months. Neither storage temperature (−20°C or −40°C) nor centrifugation
of sample prior to assay made a significant difference to the albumin concentration. Multiple freezing and thawing of urine
samples during 6 weeks of storage at −20°C made no difference to albumin concentrations. Storage of urine samples in either
polypropylene, polystyrene or borosilicate glass tubes did not result in a significant change in urinary albumin concentration
after either 1 week or 1 month at −20°C although, after 1 month of storage, urinary albumin concentrations tended to be lower
by an average of approximately 7%. In tubes to which gelatine had been added this was reduced to 4%. We conclude that fresh
urine can be kept at 4°C or 20°C for up to 7 days. Frozen urine samples can be stored for up to 6 months before assay without
any loss of albumin concentration. Polypropylene, polystyrene or borosilicate glass tubes are acceptable containers for short-term
storage and samples can simply be thoroughly thawed and vortex mixed immediately prior to assay. 相似文献
47.
An unusual case of Holt-Oram syndrome with arachnodactyly, high arch palate, thoracic scoliosis and hypoplasia of the left radial artery is reported. The relevant literature is discussed and the importance of vascular hypoplasia in genesis and localization of the skeletal deformities of this syndrome is stressed. 相似文献
48.
SUMMARY
This review article introduces the significance of testing of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in clinical samples and summarizes important features of some of the technologies. Compared to other human diseases such as cancer, studies on VOC analysis in cases of infectious diseases are limited. Here, we have described results of studies which have used some of the appropriate technologies to evaluate VOC biomarkers and biomarker profiles associated with infections. The publications reviewed include important infections of the respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, urinary tract, and nasal cavity. The results highlight the use of VOC biomarker profiles resulting from certain infectious diseases in discriminating between infected and healthy subjects. Infection-related VOC profiles measured in exhaled breath as well as from headspaces of feces or urine samples are a source of information with respect to disease detection. The volatiles emitted in clinical matrices may on the one hand represent metabolites of the infecting pathogen or on the other hand reflect pathogen-induced host responses or, indeed, a combination of both. Because exhaled-breath samples are easy to collect and online instruments are commercially available, VOC analysis in exhaled breath appears to be a promising tool for noninvasive detection and monitoring of infectious diseases. 相似文献49.
Elsayed Mohammad Cheng Bernard Xing Minzhi Sethi Ila Brandon David Schuster David M. Bercu Zachary Galt James Barron Bruce Kokabi Nima 《Cardiovascular and interventional radiology》2021,44(2):254-260
CardioVascular and Interventional Radiology - To compare lung shunt fraction (LSF) prior to Y-90 radioembolization calculated using planar imaging versus SPECT/CT in patients with hepatocellular... 相似文献
50.
Anterior cruciate ligament injury about 20 years post‐treatment: A kinematic analysis of one‐leg hop 下载免费PDF全文
E. Tengman H. Grip AK. Stensdotter C. K. Häger 《Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports》2015,25(6):818-827
Reduced dynamic knee stability, often evaluated with one‐leg hops (OLHs), is reported after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. This may lead to long‐standing altered movement patterns, which are less investigated. 3D kinematics during OLH were explored in 70 persons 23 ± 2 years after ACL injury; 33 were treated with physiotherapy in combination with ACL reconstruction (ACLR) and 37 with physiotherapy alone (ACLPT). Comparisons were made to 33 matched controls. We analyzed (a) maximal knee joint angles and range of motion (flexion, abduction, rotation); (b) medio‐lateral position of the center of mass (COM) in relation to knee and ankle joint centers, during take‐off and landing phases. Unlike controls, ACL‐injured displayed leg asymmetries: less knee flexion and less internal rotation at take‐off and landing and more lateral COM related to knee and ankle joint of the injured leg at landing. Compared to controls, ACLR had larger external rotation of the injured leg at landing. ACLPT showed less knee flexion and larger external rotation at take‐off and landing, and larger knee abduction at Landing. COM was more medial in relation to the knee at take‐off and less laterally placed relative to the ankle at landing. ACL injury results in long‐term kinematic alterations during OLH, which are less evident for ACLR. 相似文献