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Pedro Henrique Rodrigues da Silva André Monteiro Paschoal Kaio Felippe Secchinatto Maria Clara Zanon Zotin Antônio Carlos dos Santos Anand Viswanathan Octavio M. Pontes-Neto Renata Ferranti Leoni 《NMR in biomedicine》2022,35(8):e4743
Cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) has been widely studied using conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) methods, although the association between MRI findings and clinical features of cSVD is not always concordant. We assessed the additional contribution of contrast agent-free, state-of-the-art MRI techniques, particularly diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), to understand brain damage and structural and functional connectivity impairment related to cSVD. We performed a review following the PICOS worksheet and Search Strategy, including 152 original papers in English, published from 2000 to 2022. For each MRI method, we extracted information about their contributions regarding the origins, pathology, markers, and clinical outcomes in cSVD. In general, DTI studies have shown that changes in mean, radial, and axial diffusivity measures are related to the presence of cSVD. In addition to the classical deficit in executive functions and processing speed, fMRI studies indicate connectivity dysfunctions in other domains, such as sensorimotor, memory, and attention. Neuroimaging metrics have been correlated with the diagnosis, prognosis, and rehabilitation of patients with cSVD. In short, the application of contrast agent-free, state-of-the-art MRI techniques has provided a complete picture of cSVD markers and tools to explore questions that have not yet been clarified about this clinical condition. Longitudinal studies are desirable to look for causal relationships between image biomarkers and clinical outcomes. 相似文献
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Nasrien E. Ibrahim Cian P. McCarthy Shreya Shrestha Hanna K. Gaggin Renata Mukai Jackie Szymonifka Fred S. Apple John C. Burnett Seethalakshmi Iyer James L. Januzzi 《Journal of the American College of Cardiology》2019,73(11):1273-1284
Background
With sacubitril/valsartan treatment, B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) concentrations increase; it remains unclear whether change in BNP concentrations is similar across all assays for its measurement. Effects of sacubitril/valsartan on atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) concentrations in patients are unknown. Lastly, the impact of neprilysin inhibition on mid-regional pro-ANP (MR-proANP), N-terminal pro-BNP (NT-proBNP), proBNP1-108, or C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is not well understood.Objectives
This study sought to examine the effects of sacubitril/valsartan on results from different natriuretic peptide assays.Methods
Twenty-three consecutive stable patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction were initiated and titrated on sacubitril/valsartan. Change in ANP, MR-proANP, BNP (using 5 assays), NT-proBNP (3 assays), proBNP1-108, and CNP were measured over 3 visits.Results
Average time to 3 follow-up visits was 22, 46, and 84 days. ANP rapidly and substantially increased with initiation and titration of sacubitril/valsartan, more than doubling by the first follow-up visit (+105.8%). Magnitude of ANP increase was greatest in those with concentrations above the median at baseline (+188%) compared with those with lower baseline concentrations (+44%); ANP increases were sustained. Treatment with sacubitril/valsartan led to inconsistent changes in BNP, which varied across methods assessed. Concentrations of MR-proANP, NT-proBNP, and proBNP1-108 variably declined after treatment; whereas CNP concentrations showed no consistent change.Conclusions
Initiation and titration of sacubitril/valsartan led to variable changes in concentrations of multiple natriuretic peptides. These results provide important insights into the effects of sacubitril/valsartan treatment on individual patient results, and further suggest the benefit of neprilysin inhibition may be partially mediated by increased ANP concentrations. 相似文献998.
Levetiracetam (LEV) is a pyrrolidine derivative antiepileptic medication used for the treatment of seizures in pediatric and adult patients. We report a case of probable LEV-induced aseptic meningitis in a 13-year-old girl. The patient received LEV for a generalized seizure disorder and presented with symptoms 5 days after medication initiation. Ten days after LEV initiation, the patient presented to the hospital for further management. During her hospital course, infectious etiologies were ruled out with clinical and diagnostic testing. Upon discontinuation of LEV, the patient's symptoms resolved. Although select antiepileptic medications have been associated with drug-induced aseptic meningitis (DIAM), to date, no reports have been published about DIAM following the administration of LEV. We describe and categorize the probability of DIAM in association with LEV, as observed in a patient case. 相似文献
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Ying-Lu Guo Vijay P Viswanathan Han-Sun Chiang Hyung Ki Choi Andrew Wai Chun Yip Wei Shen Vladimir Kopernicky 《Asian journal of andrology》2009,11(4):423-433
We evaluated the efficacy and safety of as-needed tadalafil in a diverse clinical population (with varying patient demographics, disease severity, and comorbid medical conditions) of Asian men with erectile dysfunction (ED). An integrated analysis of five double-blind, placebo-controlled trials (N = 1 046) was performed. Patients were randomly assigned to receive 10 mg tadalafil (N = 185), 20 mg tadalafil (N = 510), or placebo (N = 351). Efficacy assessments included the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF), Sexual Encounter Profile (SEP) diary and Global Assessment Question (GAQ). Patients receiving 10 mg or 20 mg tadalafil showed significant improvement from baseline-to-end point on the Erectile Function domain of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-EF) domain score in all clinical sub-populations analyzed, compared with patients receiving placebo (P 〈 0.001). The 10-mg and 20-mg tadalafil groups showed a mean success rate of 64.1% and 70.5% for sexual intercourse attempts (SEP3, successful intercourse), respectively, compared with 33.4% in the placebo group (P 〈 0.001), and 85.5% and 85.4% reported improved erections at end point GAQ, respectively, versus 43.5% in the placebo group (P 〈 0.001). Tadalafil was well tolerated across all groups studied. Headache and back pain were the most frequently reported adverse events. Overall, tadalafil was effective and well tolerated across a diverse clinical spectrum of Asian men with ED. 相似文献