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11.
12.
Marc Philippon Mara Schenker Karen Briggs David Kuppersmith 《Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy》2007,15(7):908-914
Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) occurs when an osseous abnormality of the proximal femur (cam) or acetabulum (pincer) triggers
damage to the acetabular labrum and articular cartilage in the hip. Although the precise etiology of FAI is not well understood,
both types of FAI are common in athletes presenting with hip pain, loss of range-of-motion, and disability in athletics. An
open surgical approach to decompressing FAI has shown good clinical outcomes; however, this highly invasive approach inherently
may delay or preclude a high level athlete’s return to play. The purpose of this study was to define associated pathologies
and determine if an arthroscopic approach to treating FAI can allow professional athletes to return to high-level sport. Hip
arthroscopy for the treatment of FAI allows professional athletes to return to professional sport. Between October 2000 and
September 2005, 45 professional athletes underwent hip arthroscopy for the decompression of FAI. Operative and return-to-play
data were obtained from patient records. Average time to follow-up was 1.6 years (range: 6 months to 5.5 years). Forty two
(93%) athletes returned to professional competition following arthroscopic decompression of FAI. Three athletes did not return
to play; however, all had diffuse osteoarthritis at the time of arthroscopy. Thirty-five athletes (78%) remain active in professional
sport at an average follow-up of 1.6 years. Arthroscopic treatment of FAI allows professional athletes to return to professional
sport. 相似文献
13.
14.
Thirty-four social drinkers who had referred themselves to the Regional Brain Damage Unit for assessment of the effects of drinking alcohol were compared with 42 volunteer control subjects of equivalent age but with low alcohol intake, using two 'learning' tests — the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) and the Austin Button Maze. The Maze Test gave no evidence of disorder, but the two groups were significantly different on the RAVLT. No abnormalities in standard cognitive tests were apparent. These results suggest that a deficit in learning ability may be an early feature of the brain dysfunction associated with excessive alcohol consumption. 相似文献
15.
16.
The latest remarkable technological advances in assisted reproduction,
which enable cryopreservation of spermatozoa, embryos and ovarian tissue,
raise difficult and debatable legal, social, ethical and moral issues
concerning the right to posthumous reproduction. Furthermore, reports on
the attitudes of the general public and of centres licensed for infertility
treatment in the United Kingdom found that the majority of women and
centres support the idea of posthumous reproduction. In this paper we
review the data published on this issue, and after considering the various
aspects, we conclude that each case should be discussed and authorized by a
multidisciplinary committee that includes physicians, clergy,
psychiatrists, psychologists, sociologists and other appropriate parties.
In our opinion, the main principles that should guide this committee would
allow posthumous reproduction in the context of marriage when a prior
consent exists. For unmarried persons, post-mortem donation of gametes
should be done only anonymously, if they are in agreement with existing
laws concerning infertility treatments in every country and after
appropriate consent and proper counselling. Moreover, any case which
involves consanguinity or a possibility of incest should be forbidden, both
for ethical and genetic reasons. In a case of pre-existing siblings, they
should be consulted and their informed consent should be granted in advance
so as to avoid legal problems in the inheritance of property.
相似文献
17.
Preimplantation genetic diagnosis principles and ethics 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
18.
Endocrinology: The effect of growth hormone on granulosa cell function during in-vitro fertilization
Younis J.S.; Ezra Y.; Brzezinnski A.; Fibich T.; Schenker J.G.; Laufer N. 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1993,8(10):1588-1592
The effect of growth hormone addition to human menopausal gonadotrophin(HMG), after pituitary down-regulation, on granulosa cell function,in in-vitro fertilization (IVF) was evaluated. Growth hormoneor placebo were added in a prospective, randomized and double-blindmanner to an existing IVF stimulation protocol. Forty-two normalovulatory women (38 years old) with mechanical factor infertilityand normal male factor were included in the study. Gonadotrophin-releasinghormone agonist (GnRHa) was given from day 21 of the previouscycle until human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) administration.Follicular stimulation with HMG was started after pituitarydown-regulation. Growth hormone 12 IU/day or placebo were administeredon alternate days, beginning day 1 until day 7 of HMG treatment.Granulosa cell function was evaluated, in all patients, by follicularfluid levels of ovarian steroids and insulin-like growth factor-I(IGF-I). In 14 patients, chosen arbitrarily granulosa luteincells were cultured in the presence and absence of additionalHCG. Follicular fluid levels of oestradiol, progesterone, testosteroneand IGF-I were similar in both growth hormone and placebo groups.Basal and post-HCG levels of oestradiol and progesterone didnot differ significantly between the two groups of granulosalutein cell cultures. We conclude that after pituitary down-regulation,in-vivo administration of growth hormone with HMG in young ovulatorywomen does not seem to affect granulosa cell function when comparedto the administration of HMG alone. 相似文献
19.
Pepe C Foley S Shannon J Lemiere C Olivenstein R Ernst P Ludwig MS Martin JG Hamid Q 《The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology》2005,116(3):544-549
BACKGROUND: Airway remodeling in asthma comprises a range of structural changes. Several studies have suggested an association between these changes and disease severity. The relationship between the extent of remodeling and lung function is not well defined. OBJECTIVE: We sought to contrast the structural changes in the airways of well-defined groups of subjects with severe and moderate asthma and to correlate the extent of remodeling with disease severity. METHODS: Endobronchial biopsy specimens were obtained from 15 subjects with severe and 13 subjects with moderate asthma. Epithelial integrity, cell-layer areas, subepithelial fibrosis, and the distance between epithelial and airway smooth muscle (ASM) layers were measured by means of image analysis. Collagen was identified by using Van Giesen stain, and ASM was defined by using smooth muscle alpha-actin immunostaining. Specific immunostains were performed for the evaluation of RANTES, IL-8, and eotaxin expression as markers of ASM phenotype. RESULTS: ASM area was greater in subjects with severe (0.24+/- 0.03 mm(2)) than in subjects with moderate (0.05+/- 0.01 mm(2)) asthma (P<.001). The distance between the epithelial and ASM layers was less in the severe group (0.12+/- 0.01 mm) than in the moderate group (0.24+/- 0.02, P<.001). A trend toward greater subepithelial fibrosis in subjects with severe asthma did not reach statistical significance. IL-8 and eotaxin expression, but not RANTES expression, were increased in the ASM of subjects with severe asthma compared with in subjects with moderate asthma. CONCLUSION: Smooth muscle alteration is the key structural change that distinguishes severe from moderate asthma, and phenotypic change in ASM might contribute to the difficulty in obtaining adequate control in some subjects with severe asthma. 相似文献
20.
Dina Ruano António Macedo Maria Jo?o Soares José Valente Maria Helena Azevedo Carlos Pato Mara Helena Hutz Clarissa S Gama Maria Inês Lobato Paulo Belmonte-de-Abreu Peter Heutink Joana Almeida Palha 《American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics》2007,(5):642-646
Several observations point to the involvement of disturbed lipid biology in schizophrenia. Reduced response to niacin flushing test, which involves vasodilatation induced by prostaglandin D2 (PGD2), is among the evidences, together with decreased CSF levels of lipocalin-type prostaglandin D2 synthase (PTGDS), the enzyme responsible for the synthesis of PGD2 in the brain. Since PTGDS is also a carrier for lipophilic molecules such as retinoids and thyroid hormones, altered PTGDS levels might influence both PGD2-mediated signaling, and vitamin A and thyroid hormone availability. To test whether genetic variants of PTGDS are involved in the etiology of schizophrenia, we searched for variants in the coding and regulatory regions of the gene. We identified four previously described polymorphisms. Using two case-control samples from Portugal and Brazil, none of the polymorphisms tested was associated with the disease. In addition, no transmission distortion was observed in an independent parents-offspring sample from the Azorean Islands. Our data do not support the involvement of the PTGDS gene in the etiology of schizophrenia. 相似文献