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91.
Dural sinus thrombosis: study using intermediate field strength MR imaging   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
The magnetic resonance (MR) images of six patients with thrombosis of a dural sinus were reviewed. The diagnosis had been verified by computed tomographic scans in three patients and arteriograms in two; in the sixth patient, only MR imaging was used to confirm the clinical syndrome. In all patients, high-intensity signal was seen from the thrombus within the affected dural sinus on all echoes. This persistent signal intensity allowed intravascular clot to be distinguished from normal causes of increased signal such as flow-related enhancement (entry phenomenon) and even-echo rephasing. MR imaging demonstrated the cause of the thrombosis in three patients: two were secondary to adjacent tumors, and one was secondary to unsuspected mastoiditis. Complications such as infarction were also demonstrated. Using MR imaging, one can easily and safely diagnose thrombosis of a dural sinus. MR should be the imaging method of choice in patients suspected of having thrombosis of a dural sinus.  相似文献   
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The short-term albumin affinity and thrombo-resistance of a polyether polyurethane vascular graft have been improved. The method is based on the C18 alkylation of the polymer. Thrombus formation by a planimetric technique and albumin retention on wire-reinforced polyurethane tubes, both C18 alkylated and untreated, were measured in short-term (4-h) exposure at femoral arterial sites in the dog. 125I-Albumin was preabsorbed on tubes and then exposed to blood for successive 2-h periods. Albumin uptake on alkylated tubes prior to blood exposure and retention following 2 h of blood exposure were significantly greater than on controls. Following a fast desorption phase in blood, the remaining albumin was more slowly desorbed from alkylated than from control tubes. Reincubation with albumin and blood reexposure produced a similar tendency, suggesting blood conditioning does not reduce the albumin affinity-enhancing property of C18 alkylation in the short term. Blood-preconditioning experiments suggested endogenous albumin has a high affinity for the C18-alkylated surface. Scanning electron microscopic examination showed thrombus and platelet densities were higher on control than on alkylated surfaces. These results suggest in vivo albumin affinity is increased for C18-alkylated polyurethane, which may be linked to decreased thrombus formation on these surfaces.  相似文献   
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Epidemiological studies have shown dietary magnesium (Mg) intake and serum Mg levels to be inversely correlated with the development of atherosclerosis. We hypothesized that low levels of Mg would promote atherosclerotic plaque development in rabbits. New Zealand white rabbits (4 months old, n = 22) were fed an atherogenic diet containing 0.12% (−Mg), 0.27% (control), or 0.43% (+Mg) Mg for 8 weeks. Blood samples were obtained at baseline, 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks and were assayed for total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), non-HDL, triglycerides (TG), C-reactive protein, serum Mg, and erythrocyte Mg. Aortas from −Mg had significantly more plaque, with an intima thickness 42% greater than control and 36% greater than +Mg. Serum cholesterol levels rose over time, and at 8 weeks, −Mg had the highest and +Mg the lowest total and non-HDL cholesterol and TG levels, although these results did not reach significance. Over time, serum Mg levels increased, and erythrocyte Mg levels decreased. C-reactive protein significantly increased in all groups at 4 and 6 weeks but returned to baseline levels by 8 weeks. This study supports the hypothesis that inadequate intake of Mg results in an increase in atherosclerotic plaque development in rabbits.  相似文献   
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BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to analyze the frequency and results of preoperative biliary and gastrointestinal (GI) evaluation of patients undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). METHODS: Retrospective review of the preoperative evaluation of 144 consecutive RYGB patients. RESULTS: Cholecystectomy had already been performed in 43 (30%) patients; 22% of those patients with an intact gallbladder had cholelithiasis. Ten patients (7%) had an upper GI x-ray (UGI), and 94 patients (65%) had an esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). Abnormalities were found in 40% of the UGIs and 84% of the EGDs. A total of 96 patients (67%) were tested for Helicobacter pylori; 11% were positive. Twenty-one patients (15%) underwent preoperative colonoscopy; 48% were abnormal, but most of the abnormalities were not clinically significant. Three patients had barium enema x-ray, which was normal in all cases. CONCLUSIONS: The preoperative biliary and GI evaluation of bariatric surgery patients should include a routine ultrasound of the gallbladder. Routine preoperative EGD will detect a significant number of abnormalities that should be treated, but should rarely alter the bariatric surgical procedure or result in denial of bariatric surgery. Many abnormalities will be asymptomatic. Patients should be routinely screened for H. pylori and, if positive, treated before bariatric surgery. Lower GI evaluation should be performed selectively based on the patient's symptoms, physical findings, and guidelines for colorectal cancer and polyp screening.  相似文献   
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Summary.  Previously we demonstrated that domain 5 (D5) of high-molecular-weight kininogen (HK) inhibits neovascularization in the chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay and further found that kallikrein cleaved HK (HKa) inhibited FGF2-and VEGF-induced neovascularization, and thus was antiangiogenic. In this study, we sought to demonstrate whether uncleaved HK stimulates neovascularization and thus is proangiogenic. The chick chorioallantoic membrane was used as an in ovo assay of angiogenesis. Low-molecular-weight kininogen stimulates angiogenesis, indicating that D5 is not involved. Bradykinin stimulates neovascularization equally to HK and LK and is likely to be responsible for the effect of HK. A murine monoclonal antibody to HK (C11C1) also recognizes a similar component in chicken plasma as detected by surface plasmon resonance. Angiogenesis induced by FGF2 and VEGF is inhibited by this monoclonal antibody and is a more potent inhibitor of neovascularization induced by VEGF than an integrin αvβ3 antibody (LM 609). Our postulate that C11C1 inhibits the stimulation of angiogenesis by HK was confirmed when either C11C1 or D5 completely inhibited angiogenesis in the CAM induced by HK. Growth of human fibrosarcoma (HT-1080) on the CAM was inhibited by GST-D5 and C11C1. These results indicate HK is proangiogenic probably by releasing bradykinin and that a monoclonal antibody directed to HK could serve as an antiangiogenic agent with a potential for inhibiting tumor angiogenesis and other angiogenesis-mediated disorders.  相似文献   
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