全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1264篇 |
免费 | 157篇 |
国内免费 | 11篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 25篇 |
儿科学 | 100篇 |
妇产科学 | 13篇 |
基础医学 | 116篇 |
口腔科学 | 95篇 |
临床医学 | 156篇 |
内科学 | 286篇 |
皮肤病学 | 13篇 |
神经病学 | 51篇 |
特种医学 | 170篇 |
外科学 | 192篇 |
综合类 | 34篇 |
一般理论 | 1篇 |
预防医学 | 59篇 |
眼科学 | 3篇 |
药学 | 54篇 |
中国医学 | 6篇 |
肿瘤学 | 58篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 2篇 |
2022年 | 9篇 |
2021年 | 23篇 |
2020年 | 23篇 |
2019年 | 23篇 |
2018年 | 52篇 |
2017年 | 49篇 |
2016年 | 43篇 |
2015年 | 53篇 |
2014年 | 54篇 |
2013年 | 84篇 |
2012年 | 53篇 |
2011年 | 51篇 |
2010年 | 68篇 |
2009年 | 60篇 |
2008年 | 43篇 |
2007年 | 45篇 |
2006年 | 36篇 |
2005年 | 25篇 |
2004年 | 22篇 |
2003年 | 25篇 |
2002年 | 11篇 |
2001年 | 19篇 |
2000年 | 21篇 |
1999年 | 8篇 |
1998年 | 64篇 |
1997年 | 57篇 |
1996年 | 58篇 |
1995年 | 50篇 |
1994年 | 29篇 |
1993年 | 40篇 |
1992年 | 18篇 |
1991年 | 20篇 |
1990年 | 22篇 |
1989年 | 15篇 |
1988年 | 24篇 |
1987年 | 22篇 |
1986年 | 16篇 |
1985年 | 10篇 |
1984年 | 12篇 |
1983年 | 16篇 |
1982年 | 3篇 |
1981年 | 17篇 |
1980年 | 8篇 |
1978年 | 2篇 |
1977年 | 10篇 |
1976年 | 9篇 |
1975年 | 3篇 |
1967年 | 1篇 |
1938年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有1432条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
51.
52.
非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(non—alcoholicsteatohepatitis,NASH)现已成为肝移植愈来愈重要的基础肝病。鉴于晚期NASH患者常并存多种影响肝移植转归的临床问题,而至今尚无针对NASH患者进行肝移植的评估和治疗指南,为此英国移植学会(British Transplant Society,BTS)邀请相关专家制定了指南,以指导肝移植前后NASH患者的处理。 相似文献
53.
Patrick L. Wagner MD Frances Austin MD Ugwuji Maduekwe MD Arun Mavanur MD Lekshmi Ramalingam MD Heather L. Jones PA Matthew P. Holtzman MD Steven A. Ahrendt MD Amer H. Zureikat MD James F. Pingpank MD Herbert J. Zeh MD David L. Bartlett MD Haroon A. Choudry MD 《Annals of surgical oncology》2013,20(4):1056-1062
Background
Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemoperfusion (HIPEC) are frequently used to treat appendiceal carcinomatosis. Some patients require multivisceral resection because of the volume of disease. It is unclear whether extent of CRS impacts survival in appendiceal carcinomatosis.Methods
We analyzed 282 patients undergoing attempted CRS/HIPEC for appendiceal carcinomatosis. Patients were defined as having undergone Extensive CRS (n = 60) if they had >3 organ resections or >2 anastomoses; a subgroup of Extreme CRS patients (n = 10) had ≥5 organ resections and ≥3 anastomoses. Kaplan–Meier survival curves and multivariate Cox-regression models were used to identify prognostic factors affecting outcomes.Results
Relative to the comparison group, patients undergoing Extensive CRS had a higher median peritoneal carcinomatosis index, operative duration, blood loss, and length of stay. No difference in completeness of cytoreduction, severe morbidity, or 60-day mortality was evident. Subgroup analysis of 10 patients undergoing extreme CRS likewise revealed no increase in severe morbidity or mortality. Median progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 23.5 and 74 months in the comparison group; 18.5 (p = 0.086) and 51 (p = 0.85) months in the Extensive CRS group; and 40 months and not reached in the Extreme CRS subgroup. In a multivariable analysis, extent of CRS was not independently associated with PFS or OS.Conclusions
Extensive CRS is associated with greater OR time, blood loss, and length of stay, but is not associated with higher morbidity, mortality, or inferior oncologic outcomes in patients with appendiceal carcinomatosis. 相似文献54.
April Saval PA 《The journal of spinal cord medicine》2013,36(4):394-397
Background/Objective: Intrathecal baclofen (ITB) has been shown to be an effective treatment for severe spasticity of spinal or cerebral origin. Although most patients respond well to an ITB trial, there are often difficulties in achieving and/or maintaining such effectiveness with ITB pump treatment. There are few published guidelines for dosing efficacy and no studies looking at the effect of concentration of ITB on spasticity management.Methods: Case series of 3 adults with severe spasticity treated with ITB pump: a 44-year-old man with C7 tetraplegia using a 40-mL Medtronic SynchroMed II pump with 500-μg/mL concentration; a 35-year-old woman with traumatic brain injury with right spastic hemiplegia using a 18-mL Medtronic SynchroMed EL pump with 2,000-μg/mL concentration; and a 43-year-old woman with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy using a 40-mL Medtronic SynchroMed II pump with 2,000-μg/mL concentration.Results: After reducing ITB concentrations in the pump, either as part of a standard protocol for dye study to assess the integrity of pump and catheter system or secondary to plateau in therapeutic efficacy, patients experienced temporary, significant reduction in spasticity based on range of motion, Modified Ashworth scores, and verbal feedback.Conclusions: Decreasing the concentration of ITB seems to affect spasticity control. Further research in this area is needed for those patients with refractory spasticity to optimize efficacy of ITB therapy. 相似文献
55.
56.
SJ Smith CV Rahman PA Clarke AA Ritchie TW Gould JH Ward KM Shakesheff RG Grundy R Rahman 《Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England》2014,96(7):495-501
Introduction
The median survival of patients with glioblastoma multiforme (astrocytoma grade 4) remains less than 18 months despite radical surgery, radiotherapy and systemic chemotherapy. Surgical implantation of chemotherapy eluting wafers into the resection cavity has been shown to improve length of survival but the current licensed therapy has several drawbacks. This paper investigates in vivo efficacy of a novel drug eluting paste in glioblastoma.Methods
Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)/poly(ethylene glycol) (PLGA/PEG) self-sintering paste was loaded with the chemotherapeutic agent etoposide and delivered surgically into partially resected tumours in a flank murine glioblastoma xenograft model.Results
Surgical delivery of the paste was successful and practical, with no toxicity or surgical morbidity to the animals. The paste was retained in the tumour cavity, and preliminary results suggest a useful antitumour and antiangiogenic effect, particularly at higher doses. Bioluminescent imaging was not affected significantly by the presence of the paste in the tumour.Conclusions
Chemotherapy loaded PLGA/PEG paste seems to be a promising technology capable of delivering active drugs into partially resected tumours. The preliminary results of this study suggest efficacy with no toxicity and will lead to larger scale efficacy studies in orthotopic glioblastoma models. 相似文献57.
Neuropeptide Y Attenuates Stress‐Induced Bone Loss Through Suppression of Noradrenaline Circuits
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Journal of bone and mineral research》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
PA Baldock S Lin L Zhang T Karl Y Shi F Driessler A Zengin B Hörmer NJ Lee IPL Wong EJD Lin RF Enriquez B Stehrer MJ During E Yulyaningsih S Zolotukhin ST Ruohonen E Savontaus A Sainsbury H Herzog 《Journal of bone and mineral research》2014,29(10):2238-2249
Chronic stress and depression have adverse consequences on many organ systems, including the skeleton, but the mechanisms underlying stress‐induced bone loss remain unclear. Here we demonstrate that neuropeptide Y (NPY), centrally and peripherally, plays a critical role in protecting against stress‐induced bone loss. Mice lacking the anxiolytic factor NPY exhibit more anxious behavior and elevated corticosterone levels. Additionally, following a 6‐week restraint, or cold‐stress protocol, Npy‐null mice exhibit three‐fold greater bone loss compared to wild‐type mice, owing to suppression of osteoblast activity. This stress‐protective NPY pathway acts specifically through Y2 receptors. Centrally, Y2 receptors suppress corticotropin‐releasing factor expression and inhibit activation of noradrenergic neurons in the paraventricular nucleus. In the periphery, they act to control noradrenaline release from sympathetic neurons. Specific deletion of arcuate Y2 receptors recapitulates the Npy‐null stress response, coincident with elevated serum noradrenaline. Importantly, specific reintroduction of NPY solely in noradrenergic neurons of otherwise Npy‐null mice blocks the increase in circulating noradrenaline and the stress‐induced bone loss. Thus, NPY protects against excessive stress‐induced bone loss, through Y2 receptor‐mediated modulation of central and peripheral noradrenergic neurons. © 2014 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research. 相似文献
58.
59.
José das Neves Francisca Araújo Fernanda Andrade Mansoor Amiji Maria Fernanda Bahia Bruno Sarmento 《Pharmaceutical research》2014,31(7):1834-1845
Purpose
To assess the potential of polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) to affect the genital distribution and local and systemic pharmacokinetics (PK) of the anti-HIV microbicide drug candidate dapivirine after vaginal delivery.Methods
Dapivirine-loaded, poly(ethylene oxide)-coated poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PEO-PCL) NPs were prepared by a nanoprecipitation method. Genital distribution of NPs and their ability to modify the PK of dapivirine up to 24 h was assessed after vaginal instillation in a female mouse model. Also, the safety of NPs upon daily administration for 14 days was assessed by histological analysis and chemokine/cytokine content in vaginal lavages.Results
PEO-PCL NPs (180–200 nm) were rapidly eliminated after administration but able to distribute throughout the vagina and lower uterus, and capable of tackling mucus and penetrate the epithelial lining. Nanocarriers modified the PK of dapivirine, with higher drug levels being recovered from vaginal lavages and vaginal/lower uterine tissues as compared to a drug suspension. Systemic drug exposure was reduced when NPs were used. Also, NPs were shown safe upon administration for 14 days.Conclusions
Dapivirine-loaded PEO-PCL NPs were able to provide likely favorable genital drug levels, thus attesting the potential value of using this vaginal drug delivery nanosystem in the context of HIV prophylaxis. 相似文献60.
This report describes the production and characterization of 13 rodent monoclonal antibodies to the human erythrocyte anion transport protein AE1 (syn. band 3). Eleven antibodies (4 murine and 7 rat) recognize epitopes dependent on the integrity of the third extracellular loop of the protein. Two antibodies (1 murine and 1 rat) recognize epitopes on the N-terminal cytoplasmic domain. Quantitative binding studies using radioiodinated IgG and Fab fragments of antibodies to extracellular epitopes on AE1 ranged from 77,000 to 313,000 (IgG) and from 241,000 to 772,000 (Fab) molecules bound at saturation. The results indicate that the epitopes recognized by different antibodies vary in their accessibility and suggest that there is heterogeneity in the organization of individual AE1 molecules in the red blood cell membrane. Quantitative binding studies on South East Asian ovalocytes using several antibodies to AE1 and an anti-Wrb show a marked reduction in the number of antibody molecules bound at saturation. These results are consistent with the existence of highly cooperative interactions between transmembrane domains of AE1 in normal erythrocytes and the disruption of these interactions in the variant AE1 found in South East Asian ovalocytes. 相似文献