The Effectiveness of Lasers in Treatment of Oral Mucocele in Pediatric Patients: A Systematic Review

The mucocele is the most common minor salivary gland associated disease of the oral cavity. It is also considered one of the most common biopsied oral lesions in pediatric patients. In recent years, extensive evidence has been published about the usage of lasers in treating mucoceles in pediatric patients. The aim of the present study was to assess the effectiveness of laser irradiation in the treatment of pediatric mucocele. An electronic search of databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar) was carried out in order to identify all relevant articles using a combination of the following keywords: “Pediatric”, “Oral”, “Mucocele”, “Dental”, “Oral Medicine”, “Soft Dental Lasers”, “Hard Dental Lasers”, and “Lasers,” for all case reports, case series, case-control and cohort studies published from 2007 to 2021. After limiting the search results, removing duplicate titles, and eligibility evaluation, 17 papers were enrolled in the study. Out of the total studies included, 10 articles were related to the diode (635 nm, 808 nm, 810 nm, and 980 nm), 5 to CO₂ (10,600 nm), 3 to Er, Cr: YSGG (2780 nm), and 1 involving KTP lasers (532 nm). All studies indicated successful clinical results on mucocele excision with better intra- and post-operative indicators. The general characteristics and outcomes were summarized, and the quality of the studies was assessed using CARE guidelines in this systematic review. The reduction or absence of pain and bleeding, hemostasis, reduced operating time, minimal analgesic consumption, and an antibacterial effect were among the advantages of laser irradiation in the included studies. The laser has proven itself to play an effective role in the treatment of oral mucocele in paediatric patients.     

Assessing Choroidal Nevi,Melanomas and Indeterminate Melanocytic Lesions Using Multimodal Imaging—A Retrospective Chart Review

Using multimodal imaging, the literature proposed the following risk factors for choroidal nevus growth into melanoma: increased tumor thickness, subretinal fluid, decreased visual acuity, presence of orange pigment, ultrasound acoustic hollowness, and increased tumor diameter. This study investigated the presence of the mentioned risk factors in choroidal nevi, choroidal melanomas, and indeterminate choroidal melanocytic lesions. This retrospective, single-center chart review assessed choroidal melanocytic tumors with multimodal imaging. We defined our primary outcome as the cumulative presence of mentioned risk factors. Further, we evaluated various optical coherence tomography (OCT), ultrasound, and autofluorescence findings. We analyzed 51 tumors from 49 patients during the period from April 2008 to June 2021. The median (IQR) age was 64.0 (56.0 to 70.5) years, with 23 of 49 (46.9%) patients being female. The follow-up time for all tumors was median (IQR) 25.0 (12.0 to 39.0) months. The choroidal nevi had a median (range) risk score of 0.0 (0.0 to 3.0), and the choroidal melanoma of 5.0 (3.0 to 6.0), with statistically significant different ratings (p < 0.001). Multimodal imaging creates a score that may help to distinguish choroidal nevi from choroidal melanomas objectively.     

肝细胞癌高强度聚焦超声治疗后近期MR成像观察

目的分析原发性肝细胞癌高强度聚焦超声(high intensity focused ultrasound,HIFU)治疗后的MRI表现.方法21例经病理或临床诊断的原发性肝细胞癌患者在HIFU治疗前、后行腹部的轴位T1WI,轴位T2WI,冠状位SPIR,以及GD-DTPA增强后T1WI的轴位、FFE序列的冠状位扫描.在MRI图像上观察肿瘤在HIFU治疗前、后的大小及信号改变.结果HIFU治疗29个癌灶,其中24个缩小(82.76%),5个增大(17.24%);在T1WI增强上26个(89.66%)出现无信号增强区,12个癌灶无增强区周围见环状强化,7个强化环内见低信号环(T1WI、T2WI、SPIR).无强化区大多在T1WI表现为低信号或高信号,T2WI为低、等信号或高信号,SPIR序列为低、等信号或高信号,FE序列为低信号.结论HIFU治疗后,肝癌瘤灶内可出现多种MR信号改变,MR成像应成为肝癌HIFU治疗效果评估的一种无创而有效的方法.     

自拟活血化瘀汤合冰敷治疗四肢骨折术后肿胀疼痛疗效观察

目的:运用自拟活血化瘀汤结合冰敷治疗四肢骨折术后肿胀疼痛并观察其疗效。方法:随机选取2015年4月~2017年4月在我院骨科住院行手术治疗的四肢闭合性骨折患者120例,随机分为冰敷组、中药组、冰敷中药组和对照组各30例,观察四组患者治疗后第1、3、7天消肿止痛情况及治疗结束时患者满意度。结果:四组患者随术后治疗时间推移,患肢肿胀均有不同程度减轻或消退,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),患肢疼痛均有不同程度缓解或消失,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),治疗效果:中药冰敷组中药组冰敷组对照组。满意率:中药冰敷组中药组冰敷组对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:自拟活血化瘀汤结合冰敷疗法可快速有效的治疗四肢骨折术后疼痛肿胀,缩短治疗时间,节省大量医疗资源,临床效果显著,值得在临床推广使用。     

长春新碱耐药结肠癌细胞株HCT-8／VCR的建立及其耐药机制的初步研究

目的: 建立长春新碱(vincristine,VCR)耐药结肠癌细胞株,初步探讨该细胞株的多药耐药机制.方法: 通过逐步增加药物浓度的方法建立VCR耐药结肠癌细胞株.细胞毒实验采用MTT法,细胞周期测定采用碘化丙啶荧光染色法,P-糖蛋白(P-gp)测定采用FCM方法,细胞内VCR浓度测定采用高效液相色谱(higb performance liquid chromatography,HPLC)法,多药耐药相关基因(MDR1、MRP1)的表达采用RT-PCR方法检测.结果: HCT-8/VCR的细胞倍增时间和细胞周期与敏感细胞株HCT-8相似.HCT-8/VCR对VCR的耐药倍数分别为19.7,对其他4种化疗药物也表现出不同的抗性.HCT-8/VCR细胞内VCR和DOX的累积量降低(P<0.01),且其细胞表面P-gP表达增加(P<0.01),MDR1 mRNA增加,但MRP1 mRNA没有变化.结论: 建立了对VCR产生耐药的结肠癌细胞株HCT-8/VCR,其耐药机制可能为P-gP过量表达导致细胞外排活性增强,预期该细胞株可用于以P-gP为靶点的多药耐药逆转剂的研究.     

乳腺Paget病X线病理对照研究

目的 :对照分析乳腺 Paget病术前 X线、标本 X线和病理所见。方法 :分析 11例病理证实的 Paget病。其中 8例 ,对手术切除的新鲜标本 ,经冷冻处理后 ,进行了切片和 X线摄影。由放射科和病理科医师共同检查分析每个有价值的部位。结果 :5例乳头扁平或缺损变形。 8例乳晕皮肤增厚 ,其中 6例并发乳晕后三角影。 5例出现肿块。 6例显示钙化。结论 :乳头乳晕的改变和可追踪到乳头的钙化是特征性 X线表现 ,X线检查对本病的诊断颇有价值     

海马区Bcl-2蛋白在新生大鼠脑缺血后的表达

目的：通过研究新生大鼠脑缺血时Bcl-2蛋白在海马区的表达特点,探讨Bcl-2蛋白在缺血缺氧性脑损伤的作用。方法：48只7日龄新生SD大鼠随机分为1个对照组和7个实验组。给动物吸入含有92%氮气和8%氧气混合气体建立新生大鼠缺氧缺血性脑损伤（HIBD）动物模型,分别在脑损伤后不同时间点（0.5、1、3、6、12、24、48、72 h等）断头处死动物,取海马组织,用免疫组织化学方法检测海马脑神经细胞凋亡及Bcl-2蛋白表达情况。结果：TUNEL染色的阳性细胞数与Bcl-2蛋白阳性的细胞数在HIBD后的不同时间点出现分别有显著差异,海马区Bcl-2蛋白阳性细胞在HIBD后立即出现,6 h达到高峰。结论：Bcl-2蛋白强表达于海马缺血区和缺血周边区的神经元,与神经元的存活或死亡有一定联系。     

人醛缩酶A干扰RNA真核表达载体的构建

目的 构建4个人醛缩酶A （aldolaseA,ALDOA）公共序列的干扰RNA真核表达载体,转染人脑神经胶质细胞U251细胞,为醛缩酶A成为人脑肿瘤标志物提供实验基础和有价值的资料.方法 ①构建4个新靶点醛缩酶A干扰RNA真核表达载体并用双酶切和测序鉴定;②用脂质体法瞬时转染上述4个载体到U251细胞株.结果 ①成功构建了4个新靶点的醛缩酶A干扰RNA真核表达载体即pGPU6/GFP/Neo-ALDOA-1,pGPU6/GFP/Neo-ALDOA-2,pGPU6/GFP/Neo-ALDOA-3和pGPU6/GFP/Neo-ALDOA-4;②在U251细胞中有绿色荧光蛋白表达.结论 成功构建并筛选出效果最好的新靶点MBP干扰RNA真核表达载体.     

Decision Making for Managing Community Flood Risks:Perspectives of United States Floodplain Managers

To reduce flood losses,floodplain managers make decisions on how to effectively manage their com-munity's flood risks.While there is a growing body of research ...