An evaluation of renal function in workers occupationally exposed to mercury vapour

The renal function of a population of workers occupationally exposed to mercury in the chlor-alkali industry has been examined and compared to that of a population of workers with no occupational exposure to mercury. Measurement of specific urinary proteins and enzymes have been carried out on each individual on three separate occasions and have been complemented by blood plasma measurements at the final visit. Under the conditions of exposure to mercury sustained in this study, there is no evidence of an increased prevalence of renal dysfunction as indicated by enzyme and protein measurements. The urinary concentration of the low molecular weight protein, beta 2-microglobulin, is significantly lower in the mercury-exposed group than in the control group. In contrast to recently published literature, no relationship is seen between urinary mercury concentration and the appearance of high molecular weight protein in urine. A small increase in the prevalence of higher activities of the urinary enzyme N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase and gamma glutamyl transferase is observed when the urinary mercury concentration exceeds 100 micrograms/g creatinine. A small increase in the prevalence of raised urinary N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase activity is observed when the duration of exposure to mercury exceeds ten years. The pattern of proteinuria has been characterised in a total of sixteen individuals from both populations; a low molecular weight proteinuria is seen in three individuals from the control group whilst a high molecular weight proteinuria is seen in the remainder (seven in the control and six in the mercury group).     

Toward scholarliness in doctoral dissertations: An analytical model

The dissertation is one of the most important vehicles for providing the novice researcher with the necessary socialization for a future of productive and scholarly research activities. Research productivity and the scholarliness of research are needed in developing nursing science. In this article, the processes that have the potential to enhance the quality of the doctoral dissertation are addressed; the psychological, social, and structural processes involved in completing a quality dissertation are delineated and discussed; and a model for the development of scholarliness and scholarship in doctoral programs is presented. The authors address three major areas for consideration: (a) the dependence of scholarship and scholarliness on researchable questions that are important, evolve in the context of theoretical considerations, and improve the scientific base of nursing knowledge; (b) the development of these qualities as enhanced by the resolution of several dilemmas that revolve around decisions made throughout the dissertation process; and (c) the recommendation that these qualities (scholarship and scholarliness) be fostered meticulously during doctoral education in nursing and, preferably, earlier.     

The Role of Complement in Endotoxin Shock and Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation: Experimental Observations in the Dog

The endotoxin shock response of Beagle dogs, characterized by profound hypotension and progressive fatal disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) was compared in anaesthetized normal dogs and in dogs previously decomplemented with purified cobra venom factor. The hypotension and the early thrombocytopenia were abolished in the decomplemented group, while the subsequent DIC was greatly ameliorated. Factor VII was apparently activated in decomplemented dogs but consumed in normal dogs. An observation as yet to be defined in relation to the shock syndrome was that dog platelets lost their collagen aggregation throughout the period of total decomplementation. It is suggested that complement activation is a major requirement for the full expression of fatally progressive DIC in endotoxin shock and that the activation of the coagulation system occurs, at least in part, via the extrinsic pathway.     

表面处理对瓷牙材料机械强度影响的实验研究

目的 比较不同表面处理因素对瓷瓦材料机械强度的影响。方法 制备３００个表面均匀一致的实验标本,对抛光面进行表面处理,处理后的标本用万能实验机进行机械循环,然后用Ｐｉｓｔｏｎ－ｏｎ－ｔｈｒｅｅ ｂａｌｌ方法检查实验标本的挠屈强度。结果 双向卡方检验说明不同表面处理因素及不同循环次数对实验标本挠屈强度的影响都具有显著意义（（Ｐ〈０．０００１）;Ｑ－检验说明自然上釉、酸蚀、喷砂等表面自理和表面抛光相比,