全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2819篇 |
免费 | 210篇 |
国内免费 | 66篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 3篇 |
儿科学 | 105篇 |
妇产科学 | 226篇 |
基础医学 | 330篇 |
口腔科学 | 68篇 |
临床医学 | 362篇 |
内科学 | 520篇 |
皮肤病学 | 80篇 |
神经病学 | 132篇 |
特种医学 | 298篇 |
外科学 | 370篇 |
综合类 | 71篇 |
一般理论 | 3篇 |
预防医学 | 276篇 |
眼科学 | 28篇 |
药学 | 142篇 |
肿瘤学 | 81篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 13篇 |
2021年 | 24篇 |
2020年 | 21篇 |
2019年 | 23篇 |
2018年 | 29篇 |
2017年 | 35篇 |
2016年 | 30篇 |
2015年 | 38篇 |
2014年 | 64篇 |
2013年 | 101篇 |
2012年 | 126篇 |
2011年 | 138篇 |
2010年 | 72篇 |
2009年 | 104篇 |
2008年 | 113篇 |
2007年 | 147篇 |
2006年 | 129篇 |
2005年 | 103篇 |
2004年 | 94篇 |
2003年 | 83篇 |
2002年 | 60篇 |
2001年 | 90篇 |
2000年 | 78篇 |
1999年 | 67篇 |
1998年 | 93篇 |
1997年 | 88篇 |
1996年 | 90篇 |
1995年 | 74篇 |
1994年 | 53篇 |
1993年 | 57篇 |
1992年 | 58篇 |
1991年 | 58篇 |
1990年 | 49篇 |
1989年 | 71篇 |
1988年 | 60篇 |
1987年 | 64篇 |
1986年 | 50篇 |
1985年 | 54篇 |
1984年 | 47篇 |
1983年 | 50篇 |
1982年 | 28篇 |
1981年 | 26篇 |
1980年 | 25篇 |
1978年 | 25篇 |
1977年 | 22篇 |
1976年 | 14篇 |
1975年 | 20篇 |
1974年 | 21篇 |
1973年 | 16篇 |
1966年 | 15篇 |
排序方式: 共有3095条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
91.
92.
93.
Jemima J. Burden Audrey Mercer Laura Brown Jonathan Iball F. Anne Stephenson Jasmina N. Jovanovic 《The European journal of neuroscience》2013,38(8):3146-3158
The mechanisms that underlie the selection of an inhibitory GABAergic axon's postsynaptic targets and the formation of the first contacts are currently unknown. To determine whether expression of GABAA receptors (GABAARs) themselves – the essential functional postsynaptic components of GABAergic synapses – can be sufficient to initiate formation of synaptic contacts, a novel co‐culture system was devised. In this system, the presynaptic GABAergic axons originated from embryonic rat basal ganglia medium spiny neurones, whereas their most prevalent postsynaptic targets, i.e. α1/β2/γ2‐GABAARs, were expressed constitutively in a stably transfected human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cell line. The first synapse‐like contacts in these co‐cultures were detected by colocalization of presynaptic and postsynaptic markers within 2 h. The number of contacts reached a plateau at 24 h. These contacts were stable, as assessed by live cell imaging; they were active, as determined by uptake of a fluorescently labelled synaptotagmin vesicle‐luminal domain‐specific antibody; and they supported spontaneous and action potential‐driven postsynaptic GABAergic currents. Ultrastructural analysis confirmed the presence of characteristics typical of active synapses. Synapse formation was not observed with control or N‐methyl‐d ‐aspartate receptor‐expressing HEK293 cells. A prominent increase in synapse formation and strength was observed when neuroligin‐2 was co‐expressed with GABAARs, suggesting a cooperative relationship between these proteins. Thus, in addition to fulfilling an essential functional role, postsynaptic GABAARs can promote the adhesion of inhibitory axons and the development of functional synapses. 相似文献
94.
Neumann M Wirtz M Bollschweiler E Mercer SW Warm M Wolf J Pfaff H 《Patient education and counseling》2007,69(1-3):63-75
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present cross-sectional study was to explore patient- and physician-specific determinants of physician empathy (PE) and to analyse the influence of PE on patient-reported long-term outcomes in German cancer patients. METHODS: A postal survey was administered to 710 cancer patients, who had been inpatients at the University Hospital Cologne (response rate 49.5%). PE was measured with the German translation of the consultation and relational empathy (CARE) measure, and patient-reported long-term outcomes were assessed using the major (ICD-10) depression inventory (MDI) and the EORTC quality of life (Qol) questionnaire QLQ-C30. Hypotheses were tested by structural equation modelling. RESULTS: PE had (a) a moderate indirect effect on "depression" and a smaller indirect effect on "socio-emotional-cognitive Qol" by affecting "desire for more information from the physician regarding findings and treatment options" and (b) a moderate indirect effect on "socio-emotional-cognitive Qol" and a smaller effect on "depression" via "desire for more information about health promotion". The determinant with the greatest importance was "patient-perceived general busyness of hospital staff": it had a strong negative influence on PE, indirectly influencing "desire for more information from the physician regarding findings and treatment options" and also patients' "depression". CONCLUSION: PE seems to be an important pre-requisite for information giving by physicians and through this pathway having a preventive effect on depression and improving Qol. Conversely, physicians' stress negatively influences these relationships. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: The research findings suggest that reducing physicians' stress at the organizational and individual may be required to enhance patient-physician communication. Empathy, as an outcome-relevant professional competence needs to be assessed and developed more intensively in medical students and physicians. 相似文献
95.
Rouse DJ Caritis SN Peaceman AM Sciscione A Thom EA Spong CY Varner M Malone F Iams JD Mercer BM Thorp J Sorokin Y Carpenter M Lo J Ramin S Harper M Anderson G;National Institute of Child Health Human Development Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units Network 《The New England journal of medicine》2007,357(5):454-461
96.
97.
Paul D. Hayes Keith G. Harding Susan M. Johnson Charles McCollum Luc Tot Kevin Mercer David Russell 《International wound journal》2020,17(3):742-752
Venous leg ulcers (VLUs) have a significant impact on approximately 3% of the adult population worldwide, with a mean NHS wound care cost of £7600 per VLU over 12 months. The standard care for VLUs is compression therapy, with a significant number of ulcers failing to heal with this treatment, especially with wound size being a risk factor for non‐healing. This multicentre, prospective, randomised trial evaluated the safety and effectiveness of autologous skin cell suspension (ASCS) combined with compression therapy compared with standard compression alone (Control) for the treatment of VLUs. Incidence of complete wound closure at 14 weeks, donor site closure, pain, Health‐Related Quality of Life (HRQoL), satisfaction, and safety were assessed in 52 patients. At Week 14, VLUs treated with ASCS + compression had a statistically greater decrease in ulcer area compared with the Control (8.94 cm2 versus 1.23 cm2, P = .0143). This finding was largely driven by ulcers >10 to 80 cm2 in size, as these ulcers had a higher mean percentage of reepithelialization at 14 weeks (ASCS + compression: 69.97% and Control: 11.07%, P = .0480). Additionally, subjects treated with ASCS + compression experienced a decrease in pain and an increase in HRQoL compared with the Control. This study indicates that application of ASCS + compression accelerates healing in large venous ulcers. 相似文献
98.
SJ Smith CV Rahman PA Clarke AA Ritchie TW Gould JH Ward KM Shakesheff RG Grundy R Rahman 《Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England》2014,96(7):495-501
Introduction
The median survival of patients with glioblastoma multiforme (astrocytoma grade 4) remains less than 18 months despite radical surgery, radiotherapy and systemic chemotherapy. Surgical implantation of chemotherapy eluting wafers into the resection cavity has been shown to improve length of survival but the current licensed therapy has several drawbacks. This paper investigates in vivo efficacy of a novel drug eluting paste in glioblastoma.Methods
Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)/poly(ethylene glycol) (PLGA/PEG) self-sintering paste was loaded with the chemotherapeutic agent etoposide and delivered surgically into partially resected tumours in a flank murine glioblastoma xenograft model.Results
Surgical delivery of the paste was successful and practical, with no toxicity or surgical morbidity to the animals. The paste was retained in the tumour cavity, and preliminary results suggest a useful antitumour and antiangiogenic effect, particularly at higher doses. Bioluminescent imaging was not affected significantly by the presence of the paste in the tumour.Conclusions
Chemotherapy loaded PLGA/PEG paste seems to be a promising technology capable of delivering active drugs into partially resected tumours. The preliminary results of this study suggest efficacy with no toxicity and will lead to larger scale efficacy studies in orthotopic glioblastoma models. 相似文献99.
100.
巨噬细胞迁移抑制因子最初是由于能抑制体外巨噬细胞随机迁移而被发现,现在它作为一种重要的调节因子参与一系列炎症性疾病过程.我们最近发现,巨噬细胞迁移抑制因子的缺失使一些由炎症介质诱发的白细胞-内皮细胞相互作用减弱,提示巨噬细胞迁移抑制因子在炎症反应中起作用的机制之一是促进白细胞聚集.…… 相似文献