224例流行性乙型脑炎流行特征分析

目的 分析224例流行性乙型脑炎(简称乙脑)的流行特征,为进一步做好乙脑的预防控制措施提供科学依据.方法 采用快速IgM抗体捕捉ELISA进行患者血清或脑脊液的乙脑抗体检测,结合临床表现予以诊断.对确诊病例利用Excel软件进行描述流行病学分析.结果 2001-2010年共收集疑似乙脑患者血清/脑脊液标本626份,阳性224例,检出率为35.78％,脑脊液的阳性检出率略高于血清.男女比例为1.24∶1,好发年龄为10岁以下及50岁以上,发病者多数在农村.发病时间7-10月,发病高峰集中在8月.结论 开展乙脑病例监测,在高发地区及农村进行重点控制,加强宣传教育和增强灭蚊、防蚊意识,加强中老年人的乙脑疫苗免疫接种,是降低乙脑发病率的必要措施.     

食管缺损经肺组织瓣和金属支架重建后黏膜爬行的光镜和电镜观察

 目的 探讨肺组织瓣修复食管侧壁缺损内衬金属支架的方法进行食管重建的可行性。 方法 选取成年犬12条,切除中段食管,选用右中叶肺组织作为替代物,将金属支架放置于缺损处食管内,用游离的肺组织瓣修补食管缺损。术后行钡餐透视检查及病理学检查,通过光镜和电镜观察黏膜的爬行过程,爬行的新生上皮的超微结构。结果 新生食管复层上皮与肺组织瓣连接紧密,愈合良好。但术后18周腺体和平滑肌的再生均不明显。结论 肺组织瓣内衬金属支架重建食管为食管替代提供了一种新的尝试，作为支撑物其远期效果有待进一步探讨。     

血清抗体检测在一起本地传播新冠肺炎聚集性疫情溯源调查中的应用

目的 在深圳市一起本地传播COVID - 19聚集性疫情溯源调查中，对重点涉疫人群开展抗体检测，帮助明确疫情扩散范围，追踪可能的源头。方法 采用流行病学调查、大数据手段锁定重点涉疫人群，除对其开展SARS - COV - 2核酸检测外，采用化学发光法检测抗体，对阳性者进一步开展流行病学调查和中和抗体检测，判断其在疫情传播中的作用。结果 该疫情的9名个案在病程中均检测到IgM抗体、IgG抗体阳性。5 606名涉疫人员检测了抗体，26人阳性，初筛阳性率为0.47%，其中11人IgG抗体阳性，15人IgM抗体阳性；但中和抗体实验和核酸检测均阴性。3人曾经出现过呼吸道症状，均否认与深港货车司机、国外入境人员、冷冻进口货物和发热呼吸道病例接触史。某口岸附近小区阳性率高于其他场所，差异有统计学意义（χ2 = 8.29，P = 0.004）。结论 通过核酸和抗体检测结果可判断，本起疫情传播范围较为局限；化学发光抗体检测法有一定假阳性率，可以作为新冠肺炎疫情溯源调查的辅助方法，对有流行病学史的涉疫人员进行筛查，但不宜对一般人群进行大规模筛查。     

绵阳市农村狂犬病防治知识调查

目的了解绵阳市农村人群对狂犬病防治知识的知晓情况,为开展有效健康教育提供依据。方法采用自行设计调查问卷分层抽样,以绵阳市9个县市区农村居民和学生为调查对象,进行入屋调查。结果共有效调查894人,学生331人,农民563人。调查对象狂犬病基本知识知晓率为86.99%;狂犬病伤口处理和疫苗注射相关知识知晓率为55.13%;养犬相关法规知识知晓率为71.67%。结论绵阳市农村人群狂犬病的知晓率偏低,是健康教育的重点人群。     

浅谈象思维在认识中药功效方面的应用

象思维是中医药学最主要的思维方法之一,尤其对中药功效方面的发展起着重要作用。象思维与中国传统文化思想有着千丝万缕的联系,它的发展与中国哲学思想密不可分;而中药学是研究中药的基本理论和临床应用并且在中华文化的滋养下发展壮大的学科,故象思维与中药学存在相互影响与作用,象思维对中药功效方面的影响深远。     

热毒宁治疗急性肠炎发热疗效观察

目的：观察热毒宁治疗腹泻发热的疗效。方法我院急诊2013年1月-2013年12月就诊的肠炎发热患者82例，将患者随机分为观察组（41例）和对照组（41例）。对照组给予对症处理，观察组在对照组的基础上，静脉滴注热毒宁注射液20 mL，1次/d。两组疗程均为3d。结果观察组治愈36例，好转4例，无效1例；对照组治愈23例，好转9例，无效9例。两组疗效比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论热毒宁注射液治疗急性肠炎发热疗效显著。     

TBX1����ͻ��������Բ׶�����ɻ��ι�ϵMeta����

??Abstracts?? Objective To evaluate the association between TBX1 gene mutation and conotruncal defects ??CTDs?? using Meta-analysis. Methods Studies on the relationship between TBX1 gene mutation and CTDs were searched from the databases of Wanfang?? VIP?? CNKI?? PubMed?? Elsevier Science Direct and Cochrane Library from their establishment date to September of 2013. According to the standards of inclusion and exclusion?? articles were evaluated. Poor quality studies were excluded. Relevant data were extracted from eligible studies to conduct meta-analysis. R2.15.3 software was applied for statistical analysis. Results Eight eligible studies involving 851 patients were analyzed in the study?? including 6 English literatures and 2 Chinese literatures. Three studies found 15 gene mutations?? and 5 studies found 26 gene polymorphisms. The results of Meta-analysis showed that the pooled TBX1 gene mutation rate was 2.13%??95??CI??0.76%—5.87%??. Conclusion The TBX1 gene mutation rate is low in CTDs patients. TBX1 gene mutation may not be the main genetic factor for CTDs.     

Zephyr5826起搏器心房自动阈值管理的临床观察

目的动态观察Zephyr5826起搏器心房自动阈值管理(ACM)功能的开启情况、准确性及安全性。方法选取置入Zephyr5826起搏器患者68例,于置入术后第1,7天及1,2,3,6个月时随访程控,观察ACM功能的开启情况,手工测试心房起搏阈值并与ACM功能测定的值进行比较。结果 68例均完成随访。随访期内35例(51.50%)成功开启ACM功能,其中术后第1,7天及1,2,3个月时开启例数分别为14例(20.6%)、21例(30.9%)、26例(38.2%)、28例(41.2%)和32例(47.1%)。手工测试与ACM测试的心房阈值无差异。33例因起搏器自动测定心房刺激除极波(ER)过小不推荐开启ACM功能。随访期间心电图及动态心电图(Holter)均未见心房失夺获及感知不良。与普通电压和高电压起搏相比,自动阈值管理功能在心房输出方面分别节省50%,88%的能量消耗。结论 Zephyr5826起搏器ACM功能可以安全有效的应用低能量起搏心脏。部分患者术后因起搏器测定心房ER过小未能开启ACM功能,但在随访过程中ACM的开启比例逐渐升高。     

GE Lightspeed VCT球管灯丝开路故障和球管更换

本文分析了GE Lightspeed VCT球管灯丝开路的故障现象,并介绍了故障排除的过程。     

�����ȳ��ͼ����ȳ���С��̥������������Ƚ�

??Objective??To find the difference in growth and development of children between full-term symmetric growth restriction??FSGR?? and full-term asymmetric growth restriction??FAGR?? through a general investigation of children born small for gestational age in Shanghai. Methods??This general investigation covered all children under 6 years old in Shanghai. Data on growth were retrospectively obtained from medical records. The P10 of birth head circumference/birthweight of the same gestational age and gender was used to distinguish FSGR and FAGR. Results??The sample contained 10 188 full-term SGA children among whom 8049 were FAGR and 2139 were FSGR. Up to 3 years old??both FSGR and FAGR failed to catch up in weight??height??head circumference and chest circumference. Growth restriction in FAGR was more serious. Significant difference could be seen in weight??t??-3.412??P??0.001?? and chest circumference??t??-2.526??P??0.012?? between FSGR and FAGR at 3 years old. Regarding growth speed??the growth rate of weight ??t??6.272??P??0.001????height ??t??9.143??P??0.001????head circumference ??t??6.063??P??0.001?? and chest circumference ??t??6.617??P??0.001?? were higher in FAGR 6 months after birth??while there was no difference after that. The BMI of FAGR was significantly lower than FSGR before 2 years old. The proportion of children in danger of being overweight was significantly higher in FSGR ??P??0.001??. Conclusion??Both FSGR and FAGR experience catch-up growth after birth??but not enough to catch up with normal children at 3 years old??especially in head circumference. In spite of severer growth restriction??the cath-up growth model of FAGR is superior to FSGR. The proportion of children in danger of being overweight is significantly higher in FSGR.