Phenotypically normal individuals with an inversion (X) (p22q13) and the recombinant (X), dup q

Two families are described in which there is an inv(X) (p22ql3) which has been transmitted for three generations. In one family (K482), no recombinants have been recovered and the inversion can be traced to a female born in 1839. In the second family (K491), a recombinant (X), dup q, has been recovered in a normal fertile woman. In both families the inverted X appears to be carrying the Xg allele. Despite extensive family studies no common ancestor has been found for the two families.
The pattern of DNA synthesis has been studied in those individuals who are karyotypically 46, X, inv(X) (p22ql3) and 46, X, rec(X)dup q, inv(X) (p22ql3); the selection of the abnormal as the late synthesizing X chromosome is random in the former and total in the latter. In some cells the two long arms of the recombinant X chromosome showed asynchrony of DNA replication.     

小巨核细胞免疫酶标染色在鉴别骨髓增生异常综合征和巨幼细胞贫血中的意义

①目的探讨小巨核细胞免疫酶标染色在鉴别骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)和巨幼细胞贫血(MegA)中的意义.②方法采用碱性磷酸酶-抗碱性磷酸酶桥联免疫酶标(APAAP)法,对30例MDS和34例MegA病人骨髓涂片染色,观察巨核细胞阳性率并计数,并与33例正常骨髓进行比较.③结果小巨核细胞在MDS中的阳性率为93.3%,在MegA中的阳性率为23.8%,差异有极显著意义(x2=31.56,P＜0.01);二者均明显高于正常对照组(12.3%),差异有显著性(x2=48.94,13.69,P＜0.01).MDS中小巨核细胞数量为每片34个,MegA中小巨核细胞数量为每片4.8个,两者比较,差异有显著性(u=78.24,P＜0.01);两组与正常对照组(每片0.3个)比较,差异均有极显著性(u=648.56,432.78,P＜0.01).MDS中的小巨核细胞以淋巴样小巨核细胞、单圆核小巨核细胞为主;MegA中的小巨核细胞为单圆核、多核小巨核细胞,未见淋巴样小巨核细胞.④结论小巨核细胞免疫酶标染色在MDS和MegA的鉴别诊断中有重要意义.     

Risk of insomnia and hypnotics use among emergency physicians

This study investigated the risk of insomnia and hypnotics use among emergency physicians. This cross-sectional study recruited physicians working in Taiwanese hospitals in 2015 and the general population as the participants. Data from 1,097 emergency physicians obtained from the National Health Insurance Research Database were grouped into the case group, whereas 14,112 nonemergency physicians and 4,388 people from the general population were categorized into the control groups. This study used logistic regression and conditional logistic regression to compare the risks of insomnia between emergency and nonemergency physicians and between emergency physicians and the general population, respectively. The prevalence of insomnia among emergency physicians, nonemergency physicians and general population was 5.56%, 4.08%, and 1.73%, respectively. Compared with nonemergency physicians and the general population, emergency physicians had a significantly higher risk of insomnia. The proportions of emergency physicians, nonemergency physicians, and general population using hypnotics were 19.96%, 18.24%, and 13.26%, respectively. Among emergency physicians who used hypnotics, 49.77%, 25.57%, and 24.66% used only benzodiazepines, only nonbenzodiazepines, and both benzodiazepines and nonbenzodiazepines, respectively. Nonpharmacological interventions to improve insomnia and reminder of safe use of hypnotics to emergency physicians can serve as references for hospitals in developing health-promoting activities.     

骶管阻滞配用周围神经阻滞治疗腰椎间盘突出症的疗效

[目的 ]探讨非手术方法治疗腰椎间盘突出症的疗效 .[方法 ]将 98例腰椎间盘突出症患者分成腰痛组和腿痛组 ,前者采用骶管阻滞加严氏椎间隙阻滞法 ,后者采用骶管阻滞加腰大肌肌沟阻滞法 .[结果 ]两组治疗前后分值相比较均有显著性差异 ,其优良率分别为 88%和 84% .[结论 ]采用骶管阻滞加严氏椎间隙阻滞或腰大肌肌沟阻滞法治疗腰椎间盘突出症具有疗效     

葛根素对兔脊髓缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的：研究葛根素对兔脊髓缺血再灌注损伤的作用。方法：20只雄性新西兰大白兔随机分成缺血组（A组,n=10）及葛根素组（B组,n=10),夹闭腹主动脉肾下段20min,建立兔脊髓腰尾段血模型,B组于夹闭前10min静脉注射葛根素30mg.kg^-1,A组则静脉注射生理盐水,测定夹闭前、后及再灌注后血浆中丙二醛（MDA）浓度及超氧化物歧化酶（SOD)活性,再灌注4,8,12,24及48h分别对动物后肢运动功能评分;再灌注48h后,处死动物,制作切片,观察其组织病理变化。结果缺血及再灌注后B组MDA值明显低于A组（P＜0．05）,而OD活性明显高于A组（P＜0．05）;再灌注后4,8,12,24及48h时的神经功能评分B组明显高于A组（P＜0．05）;光镜下,与A组相比,B组脊髓组织损伤显著减轻,形态基本正常的前角细胞较多。结论葛根素对兔脊髓缺血再灌注损伤有显著的保护作用。     

愈肝汤对慢性乙肝患者脂质过氧化的影响

目的　探讨愈肝汤对慢性乙肝患者的脂质过氧化作用。方法　 43例慢性乙肝患者服愈肝汤治疗 3mo ,观察其治疗前后超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 (GSH -Px)活力和过氧化脂质(LPO)水平的变化 ,并与 38例健康对照组比较。结果　慢性乙肝患者SOD、GSH -Px活力降低 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,LPO水平升高 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;愈肝汤可升高SOD和GSH -Px酶活性 (P <0 .0 1) ,降低LPO水平 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　愈肝汤对慢性乙肝患者有明显的抗脂质过氧化作用 ,这是其治疗慢性乙型肝炎、减轻肝细胞损伤的重要机理之一。     

Acculturation and Dietary Practices Among Korean Americans

OBJECTIVE: Examine variation in dietary practices and nutritional intakes of Korean Americans at different acculturation levels. DESIGN: Cross-sectional mail survey. SUBJECTS/SETTING: US national sample of 348 Korean Americans (46% of the Korean American sample to whom questionnaires were delivered). STATISTICAL ANALYSIS PERFORMED: Analysis of variance, Pearson correlation, Spearman rank correlation, chi 2 test, and multiple regression analysis. RESULTS: Korean Americans who were more acculturated consumed more American food and less Korean food. American foods such as oranges, low-fat milk, bagels, tomatoes, and bread were consumed regularly by Korean Americans; Korean foods such as rice, kimchi, garlic, green onions, and Korean soup were also consumed regularly. American foods were adopted the most at breakfast and the least at dinner. Bicultural people regularly incorporated more different types of foods into their diet. Despite significant differences in dietary practices, dietary quality did not vary by acculturation status. APPLICATION/CONCLUSIONS: Acculturation was influential in the dietary patterns of Korean Americans. Specific information about Korean diet related to acculturation status can be used by dietitians who work with Korean Americans. Dietitians can benefit from gathering and applying specific information about Korean diets and diets of other ethnic groups; they also need to recognize the changing nature of dietary patterns as acculturation occurs.     

Raised levels of antistreptokinase antibody and neutralization titres from 4 days to 54 months after administration of streptokinase or anistreplase

Streptokinase and anistreplase are antigenic and their administrationoften leads to antibody formation. These can cause allergicreactions and/or neutralization of streptokinase with resultingsuboptimal treatment. Currently, streptokinase re-administrationis considered appropriate for up to 5 days and from 1 year aftera previous dose. Antistreptokinase antibody and neutralizationtitres (NT) were measured in three groups of patients to determineif this practice is appropriate: 1. (early)—36 patientswhose titres were measured for at least 5 days after thrombolysis;2. (late)—57 patients who received thrombolysis 12–54months previously; 3. (controls)—182 consecutive suspectedmyocardial infarction patients (without previous exposure tothrombolysis). Results were as follows (mean±SEM): 1. (early)—theantibody and/or NT were raised by day 4 in 19.4% of the patients.One patient could have neutralized 1.97 million units (MU) ofstreptokinase by day 4. (Day 4—antibody 1:39±11,NT 0.19±0.05 MU; day 5–1:136±41 and NT 0.7±0.43MU respectively.) 2. (late)—23 patients (40%) had eitherantibody titres 1:160 and/or NT> 1.5 MU. (12–23 months—antibody1:243±43, NT 0.63±0.15 MU; 24–35 months—1:98±31and 0.69±0.22 MU; 36–54 months—1:87±14and 0.54±0.12 MU.) All titres were significantly higherthan the controls (antibody 1:25±3. NT 0.14±0.01MU, P<0.01). After streptokinase or antistreplase, antibodies are raisedfrom 4 days to at least 54 months. It would seem prudent toavoid their re-administration during this time interval.     

ABSENCE OF "RECURARIZATION" IN PATIENTS WITH DEMONSTRATED PROLONGED NEUROMUSCULAR BLOCK

The possibility of "recurarization" after antagonism of thecompetitive neuromuscular block with anticholinesterases wasstudied. Observations were made on the time-course of the blockin five patients at risk from recurarization because of multipleorgan failure and who demonstrated unusually prolonged blockade.In none of these patients did the block recur. We conclude that,provided spontaneous recovery of neuromuscular transmissionhas made progress before the antagonism, and that the patientdoes not deteriorate or become exhausted afterwards, recurarizationis unlikely.     

支气管动脉碘油化疗栓塞术对非小细胞肺癌患者生活质量的影响

[目的]探讨支气管动脉碘油化疗栓塞术对非小细胞肺癌患者近期生活质量的影响.[方法]采用肺癌治疗功能评价量表FACT-L中文版对33例使用超选择支气管动脉碘油化疗栓塞术治疗的非小细胞肺癌患者的近期生活质量进行测定,分析介入术前、术后1个月及3个月患者生活质量的变化,并与同期采用全身化疗的30例非小细胞肺癌患者进行比较.[结果]化疗栓塞组术后1、3个月的生活质量评分均较术前明显提高(P＜0.01).与全身化疗比较,化疗栓塞组在临床疗效和提高患者术后生活质量程度方面优于全身化疗组(P＜0.05).与疾病症状和治疗副作用有关的项目评分(分别为生理状况和附加关注)显示,化疗栓塞组在分项评分中同样优于全身化疗组(P＜0.05).[结论]超选择支气管动脉碘油化疗栓塞术比全身化疗更能提高中晚期非小细胞肺癌患者的生活质量.