全文获取类型
收费全文 | 602篇 |
免费 | 49篇 |
国内免费 | 6篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 5篇 |
儿科学 | 34篇 |
妇产科学 | 11篇 |
基础医学 | 65篇 |
口腔科学 | 35篇 |
临床医学 | 67篇 |
内科学 | 159篇 |
皮肤病学 | 6篇 |
神经病学 | 45篇 |
特种医学 | 65篇 |
外科学 | 58篇 |
综合类 | 30篇 |
预防医学 | 24篇 |
眼科学 | 2篇 |
药学 | 16篇 |
中国医学 | 5篇 |
肿瘤学 | 30篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 4篇 |
2021年 | 10篇 |
2020年 | 9篇 |
2019年 | 6篇 |
2018年 | 12篇 |
2017年 | 14篇 |
2016年 | 8篇 |
2015年 | 17篇 |
2014年 | 17篇 |
2013年 | 35篇 |
2012年 | 33篇 |
2011年 | 27篇 |
2010年 | 36篇 |
2009年 | 20篇 |
2008年 | 22篇 |
2007年 | 22篇 |
2006年 | 22篇 |
2005年 | 18篇 |
2004年 | 17篇 |
2003年 | 8篇 |
2002年 | 11篇 |
2001年 | 10篇 |
2000年 | 14篇 |
1999年 | 8篇 |
1998年 | 24篇 |
1997年 | 16篇 |
1996年 | 24篇 |
1995年 | 11篇 |
1994年 | 16篇 |
1993年 | 14篇 |
1992年 | 8篇 |
1991年 | 12篇 |
1990年 | 7篇 |
1989年 | 15篇 |
1988年 | 18篇 |
1987年 | 20篇 |
1986年 | 10篇 |
1985年 | 10篇 |
1984年 | 7篇 |
1983年 | 4篇 |
1982年 | 9篇 |
1981年 | 3篇 |
1980年 | 5篇 |
1978年 | 2篇 |
1977年 | 4篇 |
1976年 | 7篇 |
1975年 | 2篇 |
1971年 | 2篇 |
1969年 | 2篇 |
1967年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有657条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
61.
Eugenia Ruiz-Esparza M.D. Francisco-Javier Roldan M.D. Clara Vazquez-Antona M.D. Angel Romero-Cárdenas M.D. Jesus Vargas-Barrón M.D. F.A.C.C. 《Echocardiography (Mount Kisco, N.Y.)》2009,26(9):1087-1088
A real time transthoracic 3D study of a left ventricular diverticulum established through a narrow orifice located between the aortic and mitral valves is presented. Diverticular morphology was reconstructed and its volumes were calculated by this technique for the first time in the literature. 相似文献
62.
63.
E R Arrington M F Hartshorne B Eisenberg C Roldan M West F A Mettler B K Shively L Pulliam G H Murata 《Clinical nuclear medicine》1992,17(5):371-374
This report is a prospective study of 33 male patients who underwent both contrast ventriculography (CVG) and radionuclide ventriculography (RVG) within a 24-hour period. Expert, blinded observers graded the left ventricle's regional wall motion (RWM) in the left anterior descending (LAD), left circumflex (LCx), and posterior descending arterial (PDA) distributions on right anterior oblique (RAO), and left anterior oblique (LAO) CVGs, and on anterior (ANT), LAO, 70 degrees left anterior oblique (LAO70), and left posterior oblique (LPO) RVGs. When statistically compared with CVG RWM standard data, RVG studies composed of LAO and LPO views were equal to the RVG studies composed of ANT, LAO, and LAO70 views in assessment of the LAD and LCx distributions. The RVG with LAO and LPO views was superior to the RVG with ANT, LAO, LAO70 in the detection of the posterior descending artery RWM. The authors conclude that accurate assessment of RWM is efficiently performed with the RVG composed of LAO and LPO views. 相似文献
64.
J Perez-Oteyza E Roldan J A Brieva J A Cancelas J Garcia-Larana J Odriozola M Hernandez Jodra J L Navarro 《Bone marrow transplantation》1992,10(3):297-299
A 20-year-old male with severe bone marrow failure associated with paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (PNH) underwent an allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Flow cytometric analysis of phosphatidylinositol (PI) anchored membrane proteins prior to BMT showed a markedly reduced expression of monocyte CD14 and neutrophil CD16 molecules. On day +17 after BMT expression of both antigens reached normal values and remained stable throughout a follow-up period of 10 months, thus confirming the eradication of the PNH clone. To date, this is the first case in which normal expression of PI-anchored proteins after BMT is reported. 相似文献
65.
T. Hickish A. Roldan D. Cunningham J. Mansi S. Ashley V. Nicolson M. E. Gore D. Catovsky I. E. Smith 《British journal of cancer》1993,68(3):599-604
We have treated 40 patients was relapsed or resistant lymphoma with the combination of Etoposide, Prednisolone, Ifosfamide and Cisplatin (EPIC). Complete response was obtained in 11 patients (28%) with an overall response of 58%. The presence of bulky disease (P < 0.005), elevated LDH serum levels (P < 0.005), response to prior chemotherapy (P < 0.01) and B symptoms (P < 0.005) were significantly associated with response. However on multivariate analysis only the presence of bulky disease and of B symptoms were independent adverse factors for response and for survival. The regimen was well tolerated with myelosuppression being the most common toxicity. Leucopenia < or 1,000 microliters-1 and thrombocytopenia < or = 25,000 microliters-1 developed in 27% and 4% of cycles respectively. There were no treatment related deaths. The EPIC regimen has equivalent activity to other reported cisplatin based regimens used in the treatment of recurrent lymphoma, but is associated with lower treatment related morbidity and mortality. 相似文献
66.
Beishuizen A; Verhoeven MA; van Wering ER; Hahlen K; Hooijkaas H; van Dongen JJ 《Blood》1994,83(8):2238-2247
The rearrangement patterns of Ig and T-cell receptor (TcR) genes were studied by Southern blot analysis in 30 precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemias (B-ALLs) and 10 T-ALLs at diagnosis and subsequent relapse. Eight precursor B-ALLs appeared to contain biclonal/oligoclonal Ig heavy-chain (IgH) gene rearrangements at diagnosis. Differences in rearrangement patterns between diagnosis and relapse were found in 67% (20 cases) of precursor B-ALLs (including all eight biclonal/oligoclonal cases) and 50% (five cases) of T-ALLs. In precursor B-ALLs, especially changes in IgH and/or TcR-delta gene rearrangements were found (17 cases), but also changes in TcR-beta, TcR- gamma, Ig kappa, and/or Ig lambda genes (11 cases) occurred. The changes in T-ALLs concerned the TcR-beta, TcR-gamma, TcR-delta, and/or IgH genes. Two precursor B-ALLs showed completely different Ig and TcR gene rearrangement patterns at relapse, suggesting the absence of a clonal relation between the leukemic cells at diagnosis and relapse and the development of a secondary leukemia. The clonal evolution in the other 23 ALL patients was based on continuing rearrangement processes and selection of subclones. The development of changes in Ig and TcR gene rearrangement patterns was related to remission duration, suggesting an increasing chance of continuing rearrangement processes with time. These immunogenotypic changes at relapse occurred in a hierarchical order, with changes in IgH and TcR-delta genes occurring after only 6 months of remission duration, whereas changes in other Ig and TcR genes were generally detectable after 1 to 2 years of remission duration. The heterogeneity reported here in Ig and/or TcR gene rearrangement patterns at diagnosis and relapse might hamper polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-mediated detection of minimal residual disease (MRD) using junctional regions of rearranged Ig or TcR genes as PCR targets. However, our data also indicate that in 75% to 90% of ALLs, at least one major rearranged IgH, TcR-gamma, or TcR-delta band (allele) remained stable at relapse. We conclude that two or more junctional regions of different genes (IgH, TcR-gamma, and/or TcR-delta) should be monitored during follow-up of ALL patients for MRD detection by use of PCR techniques. Especially in biclonal/oligoclonal precursor B-ALL cases, the monitoring should not be restricted to rearranged IgH genes, but TcR-gamma and/or TcR-delta genes should be monitored as well, because of the extensive changes in IgH gene rearrangement patterns in this ALL subgroup. 相似文献
67.
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase variants: reexamination of G6PD Chicago and Cornell and a new variant (G6PD Pea Ridge) resembling G6PD Chicago 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Two large and unrelated families were investigated for hereditary nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia associated with deficiency of erythrocyte glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD). In both families, the kinetic and electrophoretic features of the G6PD variants resembled those of G6PD Chicago. Further investigation revealed that members of one of these families previously had been characterized as having the G6PD variants Chicago and Cornell. However, it is clear that each of these terms has been applied to the same variant in this single large kindred. In the second family, we describe a newly identified variant with unique characteristics, which we have designated G6PD Pea Ridge. G6PD Pea Ridge resembles G6PD Chicago but differs in electrophoretic mobility and in a few kinetic parameters. It exhibits an unusually high Ki for NADPH and thus appears to be insensitive to product inhibition. As other cases previously considered to be the Chicago variant become more fully characterized, this probably will be shown to be a heterogeneous group of variants. 相似文献
68.
Effects of recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor on intracellular pH in mature granulocytes 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Sullivan R; Griffin JD; Wright J; Melnick DA; Leavitt JL; Fredette JP; Horne JH Jr; Lyman CA; Lazzari KG; Simons ER 《Blood》1988,72(5):1665-1673
We studied the effects of recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSFrh) on the internal pH of granulocytes using the fluorescent probe BCECF. GM-CSFrh did not directly alter the resting pH of granulocytes isolated from the peripheral blood; however, when the cells were preincubated for 90 minutes with the growth factor and then activated with the chemotactic peptide N-formyl met leu phe (fMLP), they exhibited both an acceleration in the initial rate of acidification and a marked delay in realkalinization. The kinetic changes both in initial acidification and in subsequent realkalinization induced by GM-CSFrh priming were not prevented by protein synthesis inhibitors and were observed in granulocytes harvested from patients with both sex-linked and autosomal recessive chronic granulomatous disease (CGD). By directly quantitating H+ ion secretion, by monitoring the effects of sodium repletion on intracellular pH, and through use of the sodium channel inhibitors amiloride and dimethyl amiloride and the Na+/K+-ATPase inhibitor ouabain, we showed that the altered kinetics of intracellular acidification and alkalinization following fMLP stimulation of GM-CSFrh- primed granulocytes could not be accounted for by changes in transmembrane proton exportation regulated by the Na+/H+ antiport channel. Although the initial acidification following fMLP was abrogated by 2-deoxy-D-glucose in both GM-CSFrh-pretreated and GM-CSFrh- untreated granulocytes, retardation of the subsequent phase of alkalinization was observed in GM-CSFrh-primed cells even after inhibition of both glycolytic and mitochondrial metabolism. Our data indicate that the increased cytosolic acidification following fMLP stimulation in granulocytes "primed" with GM-CSFrh does not result from disordered proton excretion but instead from increased release of intracellular free acid which is only partially coupled to glucose catabolism or to the generation of superoxide anion (O2-). 相似文献
69.
Demonstration of reversible priming of human neutrophils using platelet- activating factor 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
Exposure of neutrophils to agents such as lipopolysaccharide, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor causes a major upregulation of subsequent agonist-induced NADPH oxidase activation. This priming effect is a prerequisite for neutrophil-mediated tissue damage and has been widely considered to be an irreversible process. We have investigated the potential for neutrophils to recover from a priming stimulus by studying the effects of platelet-activating factor (PAF). PAF did not stimulate respiratory burst activity directly, but caused a rapid (maximal at 10 minutes) and concentration-dependent (EC50 50.2 nmol/L) increase in N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP)-stimulated superoxide anion release. At time-points > 10 minutes, this priming effect spontaneously declined, with return to basal levels of fMLP- stimulated superoxide anion generation by 120 minutes. An identical priming time-course was observed with N-methyl carbamyl PAF, a nonmetabolizable analogue of PAF, indicating that the transient nature of PAF-induced priming was not secondary to PAF metabolism. Two structurally diverse PAF receptor antagonists (UK-74,505 and WEB 2086), added 10 minutes after PAF addition, increased the rate of decay of the priming effect. In contrast, TNF-alpha-induced priming, which was of a similar magnitude to that observed for PAF, was slower to evolve (maximal at 30 minutes) and remained constant for at least 120 minutes. The reversible nature of PAF-induced priming was confirmed by demonstrating that PAF-, but not TNF-alpha-, induced cell polarization (shape change) and CD11b-dependent neutrophil binding of albumin-coated latex beads was also transient, with return to basal, unstimulated levels by 120 minutes. Furthermore, cells that had spontaneously deprimed following PAF exposure retained their capacity to be fully reprimed by a subsequent addition of either PAF or TNF-alpha. These data imply that neutrophil priming is not an irreversible event: the demonstration of a cycle of complete priming, depriming, and repriming offers the potential for functional recycling of neutrophils at sites of inflammation. 相似文献
70.
Alkylureas are capable of inhibiting sickling in vitro and the gelation of solutions of hemoglobin S at concentrations between 0.05 and 0.1 M with increasing effectiveness that is directly proportional to the length of the alkyl chain (butyl greater than propyl greater than ethyl greater than methyl). 6The inhibitory effect is independent of pH between 6.5 and 7.5 and is a process driven by entropy. The alkylureas at concentrations of 0.1 M have minimal effects on several erythrocyte functions. Oxygen equilibria, osmotic fragility, reduced glutathione content, and glutathione reductase activity are totally unaffected, while pyruvic kinase activity is decreased only by butylurea by about 20%, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity is decreased progressively to a maximum of 30% in direct proportion to the length of the alkyl chain. Alkylureas not only inhibit sickling but are also capable of desickling erythrocytes that have been maintained in the deoxygenated state. They have little effect on several erythrocyte functions at antisickling concentrations, but their toxicity must be evaluated before they can be examined as potential therapeutic agents for the treatment or prevention of acute episodes in sickle cell anemia. 相似文献