血府逐瘀汤对乳鼠心肌细胞缺血再灌注损伤的影响

目的为探讨血府逐瘀汤对乳鼠心肌细胞缺血再灌注损伤的影响。方法应用培养的乳鼠心肌细胞造成缺血再灌注损伤的动物模型,观察心肌细胞中超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)的水平,推断细胞内活性氧的生成量;观察培养液中乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性改变以判断细胞损伤情况;并进行DNA琼脂糖凝胶电泳及末端脱氧核苷酸介导的脱氧尿苷三磷酸缺口末端标记法(TUNEL),以判断细胞死亡类型及程度。结果血府逐瘀汤可显著升高缺血再灌注时SOD的水平,显著降低LDH的水平。DNA电泳图谱表明:血府逐瘀汤可使DNA的拖尾基本消失;TUNEL显示血府逐瘀汤可显著减少缺血再灌注所致的心肌细胞死亡。结论血府逐瘀汤有保护缺血再灌注时心肌细胞免于死亡之功效。     

Standards for total body fat and fat-free mass in infants

Data on body composition in conjunction with reference centiles are helpful in identifying the severity of growth and nutritional disorders in infancy and for evaluating the adequacy of treatment given during this important period of rapid growth. Total body fat (TBF) and fat-free mass (FFM) were estimated from total body electrical conductivity (TBEC) measurements in 423 healthy term Caucasian infants, aged 14-379 days. Cross sectional age, weight, and length related centile standards are presented for TBF and FFM. Centiles were calculated using Altman's method, based on polynomial regression and modelling of the residual variation. The TBF percentage steeply increased during the first half year of life, and slowly declined beyond this age. Various simple TBEC derived anthropometric prediction equations for TBF and FFM are available to be used in conjunction with these standards. Regression equations for the P50 and the residual SD, depending on age, weight, or length, are provided for constructing centile charts and calculating standard deviation scores.     

Roxatidine versus ranitidine in the treatment of duodenal ulcers: A randomized double-blind controlled multicentre study in Singapore

Roxatidine acetate, a new H₂ receptor antagonist, was compared with ranitidine in the treatment of duodenal ulcers in a double-blind multicentre study. Eighty-four patients with endoscopically proven duodenal ulcer were randomized to receive 150 mg roxatidine acetate or 300 mg ranitidine at bedtime. Repeat endoscopy was performed after 4 weeks (25–33 days) and if the ulcer had not healed, another endoscopy was performed after a further 4 weeks of treatment. Using per protocol analysis 73.6% of ulcers treated with roxatidine healed at 4 weeks compared to 72.2% of ulcers treated with ranitidine (P=NS). The healing rates at 8 weeks were 92% with roxatidine and 83.3% with ranitidine (P=NS). Using equivalence tests, the healing rate of roxatidine was found to be equivalent to that of ranitidine within a 20% region. Roxatidine users took significantly less antacids than ranitidine users (P < 0.05). There were no significant adverse effects due to roxatidine or ranitidine. Roxatidine is a safe effective drug in the treatment of duodenal ulcers with a healing rate comparable to that of ranitidine.     

Hyperparathyroidism--a life-threatening disease in 1978. A case report

In a patient with hyperparathyroidism (HPT) two neck explorations with identification of three normal parathyroid glands were carried out. Cervical and mediastinal vein catheterization with blood sampling for determination of parathyroid hormone (PTH) confirmed drainage of large amounts of PTH to a mediastinal vein. Two thoracic explorations were negative anterior and posterior mediastinum). The operations were performed during 1971 and 1978 and extensive, progrediating decalcification with brown tumour formation was radiologically demonstrated during that time. Diminished renal function, skeleton pain and mental depression necessitated a last exploration, at which a 2 cm large parathyroid adenoma was found in the left carotid sheath just below the left mastoid process. The adenoma was drained into mediastinal veins through long anastomotic branches.