全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1267篇 |
免费 | 63篇 |
国内免费 | 17篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 36篇 |
儿科学 | 16篇 |
妇产科学 | 22篇 |
基础医学 | 111篇 |
口腔科学 | 34篇 |
临床医学 | 107篇 |
内科学 | 312篇 |
皮肤病学 | 46篇 |
神经病学 | 93篇 |
特种医学 | 43篇 |
外科学 | 198篇 |
综合类 | 35篇 |
预防医学 | 86篇 |
眼科学 | 22篇 |
药学 | 47篇 |
中国医学 | 7篇 |
肿瘤学 | 132篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 20篇 |
2022年 | 37篇 |
2021年 | 74篇 |
2020年 | 32篇 |
2019年 | 44篇 |
2018年 | 50篇 |
2017年 | 36篇 |
2016年 | 38篇 |
2015年 | 34篇 |
2014年 | 51篇 |
2013年 | 45篇 |
2012年 | 79篇 |
2011年 | 92篇 |
2010年 | 52篇 |
2009年 | 49篇 |
2008年 | 67篇 |
2007年 | 71篇 |
2006年 | 64篇 |
2005年 | 55篇 |
2004年 | 44篇 |
2003年 | 66篇 |
2002年 | 30篇 |
2001年 | 16篇 |
2000年 | 15篇 |
1999年 | 31篇 |
1998年 | 13篇 |
1997年 | 14篇 |
1995年 | 8篇 |
1994年 | 7篇 |
1993年 | 8篇 |
1992年 | 4篇 |
1991年 | 6篇 |
1990年 | 9篇 |
1989年 | 3篇 |
1988年 | 4篇 |
1987年 | 15篇 |
1986年 | 4篇 |
1984年 | 6篇 |
1983年 | 4篇 |
1982年 | 3篇 |
1980年 | 3篇 |
1979年 | 6篇 |
1976年 | 4篇 |
1975年 | 3篇 |
1974年 | 3篇 |
1972年 | 3篇 |
1969年 | 5篇 |
1966年 | 2篇 |
1926年 | 2篇 |
1923年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有1347条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
81.
Miyaoka T Yasukawa R Tsubouchi K Miura S Shimizu Y Sukegawa T Maeda T Mizuno S Kameda A Uegaki J Inagaki T Horiguchi J 《International clinical psychopharmacology》2003,18(3):175-177
Nocturnal eating/drinking disorder (NE/DS) is a rare syndrome that includes disorders of both eating and sleeping. It is characterized by awakening in the middle of the night, getting out of bed, and consuming large quantities of food quickly and uncontrollably, then returning to sleep. This may occur several times during the night. Some patients are fully conscious during their nocturnal eating, while some report total amnesia. The aetiology of NE/DS is still unclear, and there is no satisfactory treatment. Four patients with NE/DS are described. Treatment with a selective seroronin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) was effective in controlling their episodes of nocturnal eating. To our knowledge, this is the first published case report of successful treatment with SSRIs in NE/DS. 相似文献
82.
Suppressed complement activation in human decay accelerating factor transgenic porcine liver cross-circulated with nonhuman primates 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Matsushita T Ikai I Nishitai R Katsura N Yamanokuchi S Matsuo K Sugimoto S Shiotani T Takahashi R Terajima H Yamaoka Y 《Transplantation》2003,75(11):1807-1812
BACKGROUND: We developed an extracorporeal liver perfusion (ECLP) system as a liver-assist device. In this study, we evaluated the safety of the ECLP using human decay accelerating factor (hDAF) transgenic porcine livers in healthy baboons. METHODS: Livers were isolated from five hDAF transgenic pigs and five nontransgenic pigs for the ECLP. Ten cross-circulations between the ECLP and healthy baboons were performed without immunosuppressive agents. Cross-circulation was discontinued in any of the following circumstances: elevated hepatic arterial (>200 mm Hg) or portal (>60 mm Hg) perfusion pressure, massive exudate from the graft liver, mild macroscopic hemolysis, thrombocytopenia, or 24-hr well-conditioned cross-circulation. RESULTS: The cross-circulations with nontransgenic porcine livers were discontinued at 4.4+/-1.2 hr (mean+/-standard deviation) because of high perfusion pressure (n=2) or hemolysis (n=3). Three cross-circulations with hDAF transgenic porcine livers were performed for 24 hr; the other two cross-circulations were discontinued at 13 and 17 hr because of massive exudate and thrombocytopenia, respectively. The duration was 20.4+/-5.1 hr. Deposition of membrane attack complex in the hDAF transgenic porcine liver was less than that in the nontransgenic liver, although immunoglobulin-M deposition was comparable. The porcine livers showed no apparent interlobular bleeding or lobular necrosis. All porcine livers maintained bile production during the cross-circulation. No baboons showed any serious complications after the cross-circulation. CONCLUSION: The hDAF transgenic porcine liver reduced complement activation in xenoperfusion with healthy nonhuman primate blood and led to extended duration of cross-circulation. 相似文献
83.
Sato K Takenokishin M Anzai S Sato R Tatewaki M Takahashi M 《Gan to kagaku ryoho. Cancer & chemotherapy》2003,30(Z1):149-152
The home drip infusion is a stressful procedure for both patients and families under HPN at home. Effective and reliable guidance for drip infusion management should be provided while patients are still at the hospital to realize reliable home care. We revised the HPN Guidance Manual and report the process in this article. We revised the manual according to the principles that "the guidance is subdivided into 3 steps so that the contents of the guidance can be adjusted for individual patients", that "a lot of photos and illustrations for frequently used 2 models are placed" and that "a video is prepared to make the most of the impact motion pictures can give". We want to use the manual in future clinical practices. 相似文献
84.
Yashima A Maesawa C Uchiyama M Tarusawa M Satoh T Satoh M Enomoto S Sugawara K Numaoka H Murai K Utsugisawa T Ishida Y Masuda T 《Leukemia research》2003,27(10):925-934
A real-time quantitative-polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR) targeting the immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) gene has been used for the quantification of minimal residual disease (MRD) in B-cell hematological malignancies. In non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), experimental costs are increased, as a large number of primer-probe sets are required because of diversity, due to somatic and ongoing mutations of the IgH gene. We developed an allele-specific oligonucleotide (ASO) combined with a germline consensus probe-based RQ-PCR assay and examined MRD in peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC). The IgH consensus probes were adapted in seven (50%) of 14 amplifiable cases. Patients with heavily contaminating tumor cells in PBSC relapsed after PBSC transplantation. Our strategy will contribute to the development of a cost-efficient, precisely quantitative and systemic detection assay for MRD in NHL. 相似文献
85.
Reissig D Rassoul F Salvetter J Wagner O Richter V 《European journal of nutrition》2003,42(4):224-227
Summary.Background: With respect
to linoleic acid both beneficial
and proatherogenic effects
have been described. However, the
effect on expression of cell adhesion
molecules on human coronary
artery endothelial cells (HCAEC) is
not yet established. The aim of the
experiments was to evaluate the influence
of linoleic acid in comparison
with palmitic acid regarding
the cytokine-induced expression of
endothelial leukocyte adhesion
molecules (intercellular cell adhesion
molecule-1 ICAM-1, vascular
cell adhesion molecule-1 VCAM-1,
E-selectin).Methods: HCAEC were
cultured in microvascular endothelial
cell growth medium. In the experiments,
the cells were preincubated
with linoleic acid and
palmitic acid, respectively
(10 µmol/l, 2 days) or under control
conditions, after which interleukin-
1 (IL-1, 10 ng/ml in the test
medium) was added for 1 day. The
monoclonal antibodies used were
fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-
labeled anti-ICAM-1, FITC-labeled
anti-VCAM-1, and FITC-labeled
anti-E-selectin. Expression was analyzed
by flow cytofluorimetry.
Next, to examine the effects of fatty
acids on adhesion of monocytes to
endothelial cells, adhesion experiments
with the monocytic U 937
cell line were performed.Results and conclusions: IL-1 increased
ICAM-1,VCAM-1, and E-selectin
expression compared to controls.
Incubation with IL-1 together
with linoleic acid reduced the expression
of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1
in contrast to palmitic acid. Furthermore,
in the presence of
linoleic acid a tendency of diminished
adhesion of monocytes is
seen.The results indicate that a reduced
expression of cell adhesion
molecules may be relevant to the
antiatherogenic effects of linoleic
acid. This is in contrast to the properties
of palmitic acid. 相似文献
86.
Ichiki M Gohara R Rikimaru T Kitajima T Fujiki R Shimada A Aizawa H 《Chemotherapy》2003,49(4):200-205
This phase II study was conducted to investigate the efficacy and safety of irinotecan (CPT-11) and ifosfamide as second-line chemotherapy for relapsed small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Eligibility criteria included histologically or cytologically confirmed SCLC, prior chemotherapy including platinum + etoposide, and measurable or evaluable disease. CPT-11 (80 mg/m(2)) was administered intravenously on days 1, 8 and 15, while ifosfamide (1.5 g/m(2)) was given on days 1 through 3 every 4 weeks. Thirty-four patients (29 men) with a median age of 69 years (range 42-77) and a median Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 1 (range 0-2) were enrolled. The response rate was 52.9% (95% confidence interval: 29.8-64.9%) with 2 complete responses and 16 partial responses. Our analyses of prognostic factors showed risk factors assessed before receiving second-line chemotherapy, which were the number of metastatic sites, performance status and the type of relapse. WHO grade 3-4 neutropenia was recorded in 52.9% of the patients, grade 3 diarrhea in 5.9%. The combination of CPT-11 and ifosfamide demonstrated clinical efficacy in relapsed SCLC with a favorable toxicity profile, particularly for performance status 0-1 and sensitive cases with only one metastatic site. 相似文献
87.
Genetic changes in the spectrum of neuroendocrine lung tumors 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
Onuki N Wistuba II Travis WD Virmani AK Yashima K Brambilla E Hasleton P Gazdar AF 《Cancer》1999,85(3):600-607
BACKGROUND: Recent classifications identify four categories of neuroendocrine (NE) tumors of the lung: low grade typical carcinoid (TC), intermediate grade atypical carcinoid (AC), and high grade large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LC-NEC) and small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC). METHODS: The authors studied the molecular changes present in 59 archival NE tumors (10TCs, 11 ACs, 18 LNECs, and 20 SCLCs). Utilizing microdissection and polymerase chain reaction-based assays, the authors examined loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at ten chromosomal regions frequently deleted in lung tumors (3p, 5q, 11q, 13q, and 17p) and for mutations at the p53 and ras genes. RESULTS: With the exception of ras gene mutations, the majority of these changes frequently were present in carcinomas and were present at lower frequencies in carcinoids. LOH at one or more 3p regions was the most frequent change found in the carcinoids. A relatively high incidence of LOH at the MEN1 gene was common in all NE lung tumors. The incidence of LOH and p53 gene abnormalities progressively increased with increasing severity of tumor type. The patterns of p53 gene mutations were different between AC and high grade NE tumors. LOH at 5q21 was correlated with poor survival in the carcinoid group. CONCLUSIONS: Although NE lung tumors have varied etiologies, the results of the current study support the clinicopathologic concept that they represent a spectrum ranging from low grade TC to the highly malignant NE carcinomas. 相似文献
88.
Difficulty in Foley catheter placement is a frequently encountered problem. We describe a simple and safe technique for this condition. Rather than using force, which may lead to the formation of a false passage, one should place a glidewire into the bladder through the area of resistance, followed by the placement of a Foley catheter over the glidewire. This is a very easy procedure and can be taught to nurses and nurse practitioners to avoid an unnecessary call for a urologist in the emergency department. 相似文献
89.
Junko Nakazato Masaru Kishida Rei Kuroiwa Junko Fujiwara Makiko Shimoda Noriaki Shinomiya 《Pediatric allergy and immunology》2008,19(7):605-613
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is considered to be Th2 cell‐mediated disorder. In most infants with AD, AD may be induced by food allergy. In the early stage of infantile AD, it is unclear whether there are changes in serum Th2 chemokines or in Th2 chemokine production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Thirty‐four patients with AD were examined (mean age, 4.5 months; female:male, 18:16). Ten age‐matched infants with no history of allergic disease were used as controls. Thirty of these 34 patients were sensitized with ovalbumin (OVA; radioallergrosolvent score of >2). Serum levels of CCL17, CCL22, and CCL27 were measured with enzyme‐linked immunosolvent assay (ELISA) kits and their correlation with the severity of skin lesions, defined by the scoring atopic dermatitis (SCORAD) index, was analyzed. The amounts of TNF‐α, CCL17, CCL22, and CCL27 in the culture supernatants of PBMC from OVA‐sensitized AD infants after stimulation with OVA were estimated with ELISA kits. Elevated serum CCL17, CCL22, and CCL27 levels significantly correlated with SCORAD index (r = 0.7181, p < 0.001; r = 0.5354, p < 0.005; r = 0.8312, p < 0.0001, respectively). CCL22 levels produced by PBMC from OVA‐sensitized infants with AD reflected serum CCL22 levels. Only six of 30 OVA‐sensitized patients in whom the skin signs increased immediately after OVA intake showed markedly high titers of TNF‐α produced by PBMC after stimulation with OVA. These high TNF‐α titers correlated significantly with serum CCL27 levels (r = 0.7181, p < 0.001). Serum concentrations of CCL17, CCL22, and CCL27 correlate well with the extent and intensity of AD in infants. Of the three Th2 chemokines examined, serum CCL27 correlated most significantly with the severity of AD. Thus, the peripheral immune responses of infantile AD patients are skewed to a Th2 dominant bias. 相似文献
90.